JP6100272B2 - パッチ放射器 - Google Patents
パッチ放射器 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch
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Description
また、米国特許公開第2009/140930号公報は、空気形式の誘電体を形成して接地電位面から間隔を空けてかつ平行に放射面を配置するパッチアンテナを示す。正方形のパッチ放射面の周端縁は、垂直に下方に延伸する導電性の複数の舌片に接続され、舌片は、パッチ放射面の周方向に互いに離間して配置される。その装置により線形に分極され又は円分極される電磁放射器の改良された適合性が得られる。
また、英国特許公開第2429336号公報は、反射器の前に間隔を空けて枠状で導電性のアンテナ面を配置する小型の環状アンテナを示す。内側に配置される切欠きを有する環状又は枠状のアンテナは、中央部に適切な切欠きを有する誘電体の前側に形成される。内側に配置されて給電構造体に接続される2つの環状の給電装置が互いに垂直な誘電体の2つの壁に形成され、給電装置を介して枠状又は環状のアンテナに電力を供給することができる。90°変位して設けられる環状の給電装置により円分極される電波を発生し又は受信することができる。
− 本発明のアンテナでは、支持体、即ち基板の寸法を減少できる(アンテナの小型化)。
− 環状構造又は枠状構造により、より低い誘電定数の他の基板材料に変更できる。例えば、樹脂材料を使用できる。樹脂材料は、セラミック材料よりも通常好ましい。これにより、所望の価格低減と価格節約を行える。
− また、良好な電気的特性を有する限り、樹脂材料の使用は、損失要因の低い他の利点がある。更に、この特性を有する樹脂材料を使用できる。それによって、本発明のアンテナの出力、周波数帯域幅及び利得を改善でき、アンテナ出力も顕著に上昇する。
− 本発明のアンテナは、寸法を減少しても全体として良好に取り扱える。例えば外側面を縮小し又は外側から放射面内に延びるスリットを形成して、外側面の加工により周波数を容易に調節できる。これにより全体として良好に取扱うことができる。
スリット幅又は切欠幅:(間隙領域20の):1.5mm
重複領域35の高さ:3.6mm
側面放射部19の幅:2mm
給電領域53に対する中心軸7の間隔:4mm
位相調整導線47及び結合導線47’47”の幅:2mm
切欠部13の側面長さ:14mmx14mm
基板材料比誘電率:ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂(PPS) εr=3.2
誘電正接Tan(δ)=0.0007
切欠部13の内側半径11a:8.2mm
基板全体高さ 6.4mm
中心軸7までの給電領域53距離:4.5mm
重複領域35での側面放射部19高さ:4.6mm
切欠き20幅:2mm
第3の細片部47cと第1の結合導線47’の間のスリット幅47’c:7.2mm
結合導線47’,47”幅:2mm
基板材料:εr値=2.5のスチレン樹脂(PS)
誘電正接Tan(δ)=0.0001
Claims (30)
- 頂壁(3a)と、頂壁(3a)から離間して配置される底壁(3b)と、頂壁(3a)と底壁(3b)との間に配置される一周する側面又は側壁(3c)とを有する誘電性の基板(3)と、
基板(3)の底壁(3b)上又は底壁(3b)の下方に設けられた接地電位面(17)と、
基板(3)の頂壁(3a)上又は頂壁(3a)の上方に配置されかつ切欠部(13)の周囲に環状及び/又は枠状に形成された導電性の放射面(11)と、
放射面(11)内の切欠部(13)の領域内に設けられて放射面(11)に給電する位相調整装置式の給電構造体(15)とを備えるパッチ放射器において、
側面若しくは側壁(3c)上に形成され又は側面若しくは側壁(3c)から側面空間(S)を空けて形成されかつ接地電位面(17)から離間する側面放射構造体(18)を放射面(11)に通電接続し、
側面又は側壁(3c)の周方向に形成された複数の側面放射部(19)と、隣り合う側面放射部(19)間に形成された複数の不通電間隙領域(20)とを側面放射構造体(18)に設けて、側面放射構造体(18)の複数の側面放射部(19)と不通電間隙領域(20)との間に境界線及び/又は輪郭線(23)を形成し、
給電構造体(15)は、2つの接続部(48)で位相偏移を発生して放射面(11)に接続される位相調整装置を有し又は位相調整装置により構成され、
境界線及び/又は輪郭線(23)を三角形状、台形状、波状又は次元分裂状の形状に形成したことを特徴とするパッチ放射器。 - 放射面(11)の内側境界(11a)に給電構造体(15)を接続し、
パッチアンテナの中央部で又は放射面(11)に対して垂直に貫通する中心軸に関して角度90°変位して複数の接続部(48)を配置した請求項1に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 側面放射部(19)は、基板(3)の全体高さ(H)に対して小さい部分高さ(19')で延伸し、側面放射部(19)は、基板(3)の底壁(3b)の前で帯状部(33)を空けて終了し、かつ/又は
不通電間隙領域(20)は、基板(3)の高さ(H)で又はその部分高さ(20')で延伸し、間隙領域(20)は、基板(3)の頂壁(3a)の下方及び/又は放射面(11)の下方で帯状部(29)をもって終了する請求項1又は2に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 側面若しくは側壁(3c)上に形成される重複領域(35)内で一周する側面放射部(19)と間隙領域(20)とを交互に配置した請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 側面若しくは側壁(3c)上で側面放射面(19)と不通電間隙領域(20)とを相互に入れ込む形状により、基板(3)の周面長さよりも大きい境界線及び/又は輪郭線(23)を形成した請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 環状又は枠状の放射面(11)の複数の接続部(48)で互いに位相を90°偏移して位相調整導線(47)内に給電導線(42)の給電領域(53)を配置した請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 平面図上部分円形状、直角、複数屈曲形状又は弓形で延伸する位相調整導線(47)は、給電領域(53)から放射面(11)での接続部(48)まで2本の結合導線(47', 47"; 147’, 147”)を形成し、放射面(11)での給電領域(48)に関する90°の到達時間差及びそれに伴う位相差を発生する請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 互いに180°回転変位して配置されかつ/又は180°回転変位して他の対の接続部(148)に接続される2本の位相調整導線(47, 147)内に設けられる給電領域(53, 153)に対し位相が角度180°偏移する請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 位相調整導線(47)と結合導線(47a, 47b)とは、切欠部(13)内で容量結合され、結合導線(47a, 47b)は、位相調整導線(47)の結合導線(47', 47")に対して平行に延びる請求項1〜8の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 平面図上、基板(3)は、正方形の環状又は枠状の放射面(11)を有する正方形の形状又はその上に形成された環状の放射面(11)を有する円筒の形状又は適切に成形される放射面(11)を有する規則的なn角形形式で形成される外側輪郭を有する請求項1〜9の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 側面又は側壁(3c)は、放射面(11)に対して垂直及び/又は基板(3)の頂壁(3a)及び/又は底壁(3b)に対して垂直及び/又はパッチアンテナの中心軸(7)に対して平行に延びる請求項1〜10の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 側面又は側壁(3c)は、放射面(11)に対して角度を付けてかつ/又は基板(3)の頂壁(3a)及び/又は底壁(3b)に対して垂直及び/又はパッチアンテナの中心軸(7)に対して平行に延び、角度(α)は、基板(3)の底壁(3b)と中心軸(7)に対して垂直な平面、即ち中心軸(7)に対して垂直な切断平面との間に形成され、角度(α)は、10°より大きく、かつ
角度(α)は、170°より小さい請求項1〜10の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 円分極されるパッチアンテナとしてパッチアンテナを形成した請求項1〜12の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 基板(3)の側壁若しくは側面(3c)上に直接、特に金属化面形式で、基板(3)の頂壁(3a)上に形成される金属化面と共に設けられ又は形成される側面放射部(19)により放射面(11)を形成した請求項1〜13の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 基板(3)の側壁又は側面(3c)に対して側方間隔(A)を空けて配置した側面放射部(19)は、放射面(11)に対して垂直又は角度を付けて延伸する請求項1〜14の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 側面放射器(18)、放射面(11)と側面放射構造体(18)、位相調整導線(47)及び給電導線(42)を有する全放射構造体(25)は、導電性の金属製の薄板により形成され、側面放射部(19)及び/又は給電導線(42)は、金属製の薄板の屈曲加工又は角部形成加工により、放射面(11)又は位相調整導線(47)に対して屈曲する請求項1〜13及び15の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 複数の屈曲部を側面放射部(19)に設けた請求項16に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 箱形に形成した基板(3)内に形成される中空室(103)は、少なくとも1つの側から接近できる請求項1〜17の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 回路基板(107)と共に、少なくとも1つの他の電気部品組立体又は電気部品(109)を基板(3)内の中空室(103)内に収容した請求項18に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 放射面(11)、側面放射構造体(18)及び給電構造体(15)により第1のパッチアンテナ(A)を構成し、かつ
第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の放射面(11)の下方かつ接地電位面(17)の上方に第2の放射面(211)を有する第2のパッチアンテナ(B)を設けた請求項1〜19の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 切欠領域(213)の周囲に延伸する環状及び/又は枠状の放射面(211)として第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の放射面(211)を形成した請求項20に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の切欠領域(213)の内部に第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の給電構造体(215)を設け、給電構造体(215)は、2つの接続部(248)で放射面(211)に接続されて位相を偏移する位相調整装置を有し又は位相調整装置からなり、給電構造体(215)は、位相調整装置形式で放射面(211)に通電可能に又は容量結合される請求項21に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 位相調整装置を有する第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の給電構造体(215)は、2本の位相調整導線(247', 247")を有し、付属の給電導線(242)は、位相調整導線の接続部まで延伸する請求項22に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- セラミック製の中実の誘電体上に第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の放射面(211)を配置し、かつ
樹脂製の支持装置(300)により誘電体を有する第2のパッチアンテナ(B)を包囲し、支持装置を介して第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の放射面(11)を保持する請求項21に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の放射面(211)は、横に延伸する第2の側面放射構造体(218)を有し、第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の側面放射構造体(18)は、第2の側面放射構造体(218)の少なくとも一部を高さ方向に覆い、第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の側面放射部(19)は、第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の放射面(211)と接地電位面(17)との間まで延伸する請求項21〜24の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 誘電体により構成される支持構造(10)及び/又は支持装置(300)上に第1のパッチアンテナ(A)と第2のパッチアンテナ(B)とを取り付け、
支持装置(300)は、第2のパッチアンテナ(B)の側面放射部(219)を配置しかつ内側の一周する溝又は内側の一周する収容室(321)と、支持構造体(10)又は支持装置(300)に設けられる外側の一周する溝形状の収容部(301')とを有し、
第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の側面放射部(19)は、外側の収容室(321)内まで延伸しかつ支持構造体(10)又は支持装置(300)に係止される請求項21〜25の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - 全面的にかつ/又は切欠きなしで放射面(211)を形成した請求項1〜20の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 平面的に第2のパッチアンテナ(B)を形成した請求項20〜23の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
- 第2のパッチアンテナ(B)は、切欠き(401)を有し、誘電体(3)は、誘電体(3)の頂壁(3a)を越えて上方に突出する台状の隆起(303)を有し、隆起(303)は、平面的な第2のパッチアンテナ(B)内の切欠き(401)を通り突出して、第2のパッチアンテナ(B)は、誘電体(3)の上面(3a)上に載置され、かつ
台状の隆起(303)の頂壁(303')上に第1のパッチアンテナ(A)の放射面(11)を配置した請求項28に記載のパッチアンテナ。 - パッチアンテナ(A)の側面放射部(19)は、放射面(11)から接地電位面(17)に向かって末広がりに延伸し、正角錐台形構造を形成する請求項1〜29の何れか1項に記載のパッチアンテナ。
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-
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- 2012-10-04 KR KR1020147015214A patent/KR20140089578A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-10-04 WO PCT/EP2012/004161 patent/WO2013064204A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-10-04 US US14/356,337 patent/US9647328B2/en active Active
- 2012-10-04 CN CN201280053968.XA patent/CN103959557B/zh active Active
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EP2721690A1 (de) | 2014-04-23 |
RU2587105C2 (ru) | 2016-06-10 |
EP2721690B1 (de) | 2015-12-30 |
CN103959557A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
KR20140089578A (ko) | 2014-07-15 |
JP2014534761A (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
WO2013064204A1 (de) | 2013-05-10 |
US9647328B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
CN103959557B (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
US20140285382A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
RU2014122548A (ru) | 2015-12-10 |
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