JP6070367B2 - 白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞分化誘導剤 - Google Patents
白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞分化誘導剤 Download PDFInfo
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
で表される化合物又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩を含有することを特徴とする白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞への分化誘導剤に関する。
また、本発明の白色脂肪細胞から褐色様脂肪細胞への分化誘導剤を食品、医薬品又は医薬部外品に配合することで、新規なメタボリックシンドローム予防又は改善用の食品、医薬品又は医薬部外品を提供することができる。
式(1):
で表される化合物又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩である。
また、R1〜R8で表される炭素数1〜10の飽和又は不飽和の、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基は、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは炭素数1〜5の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基であり、その具体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、s−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、t−ペンチル基、ネオペンチル基などが挙げられる。
中でも、前記R1〜R8のうち1つ以上が水素原子であることが好ましく、R1〜R8が全て水素原子であることがより好ましい。
で示されるヒドロキシスチルベン誘導体及びその薬学的に許容可能な塩である。
また、R1〜R4で表される炭素数1〜10の飽和又は不飽和の、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基は、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは炭素数1〜5の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基であり、その具体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、s−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、t−ペンチル基、ネオペンチル基などが挙げられる。中でも、前記R1〜R4のうち1つ以上が水素原子であることが好ましく、R1〜R4が全て水素原子であるレスベラトロールがより好ましい。
ただし、前記式(1)で表される化合物の生成効率や回収率を高める観点からは、前記ヒドロキシスチルベン類としては、ヒドロキシスチルベン類換算で、合計5重量%以上含有されたものが原料として望ましい。このような原料としては、例えばブドウ果皮、ワイン、ワイン濃縮パウダー、メリンジョ、リンゴンベリー、ピーナッツ果皮、イタドリ等の原料からの抽出物や該抽出物の凍結乾燥品等を使用してもよい。
結合剤としては、例えば、単シロップ、ブドウ糖液、デンプン液、ゼラチン溶液、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルエーテル、ポリビニルピロリドン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、セラック、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、水、エタノール、リン酸カリウム及びこれらの混合物等が挙げられる。
安定化剤としては、例えば、ピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、チオグリコール酸、チオ乳酸及びこれらの混合物等が挙げられる。
pH調整剤及び緩衝剤としては、例えば、クエン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸、酢酸ナトリウム、リン酸ナトリウム及びこれらの混合物等が挙げられる。
特開2013−28560号公報の実施例1に記載の方法に従って、ヒドロキシスチルベン類誘導体UHA4003の生成、単離、精製を行った。すなわち、トランス−レスベラトロール(東京化成工業(株)製)700mgをエタノール14mLに溶解し、2.5%炭酸水素ナトリウム(和光純薬工業(株)社製)水溶液を14mL加えて、レスベラトロール含有溶液(pH9.9)を得た。このレスベラトロール含有溶液をオートクレーブ(三洋電機製、「SANYO LABO AUTOCLAVE」、以下同じ)にて130℃、20分間加熱した。次いで、1回目のオートクレーブ処理にて得られた反応溶液に、エタノール14mLと5.0%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を14mL加え、再度、オートクレーブにて130℃、20分間加熱した。得られた反応溶液をHPLCで分析したところ、いくつかのピークで示される化合物が確認できた。
カラム:逆相用カラム「Develosil(登録商標)C−30−UG−5」(4.6mmi.d.×250mm)
移動相:A・・・H2O(0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA)), B・・・アセトニトリル(0.1%TFA)
流速:1mL/min
注入:10μL
検出:254nm
勾配(容量%):80%A/20%Bから20%A/80%Bまで30分間、20%A/80%Bから100%Bまで5分間、100%Bで10分間(全て直線)
また、UHA4003について、本発明者らは、これまでに抗癌作用(特開2011−251914号公報)、レプチン抵抗性改善作用(特開2013−28560)、成熟脂肪細胞肥大化抑制作用(特願2011−239359)、抗炎症作用(特願2012−041755)、成熟脂肪細胞のUCP−2発現促進作用(特願2012−218619)等を有することを確認しているが、白色脂肪細胞より褐色様脂肪細胞への分化誘導に対する効果については確認しておらず、一般的にも未だ知られていない。
白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞分化誘導作用を評価するために、3T3−L1細胞(マウス由来前駆脂肪細胞)を用いて評価を行った。3T3−L1前駆脂肪細胞は通常、分化誘導過程を経て、白色脂肪細胞へと分化、成熟する。しかし、褐色様脂肪細胞へと分化誘導されることで白色脂肪細胞ではほとんど観察されないCidea遺伝子の発現や、ミトコンドリアに発現するCox7a1遺伝子の発現量の増加、及びミトコンドリア特異的に発現するシトクロムcオキシダーゼタンパク質の発現量の増大、UCP1遺伝子の発現亢進が観察されるようになる。そこで、Cidea、Cox7a1及びUCP1の各遺伝子の発現量を指標に、白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞への分化誘導を確認した。
3T3−L1細胞を用いて見られた、白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞分化誘導作用を評価するために、ヒト皮下脂肪由来正常前駆脂肪細胞(ロンザ・ジャパン社)を用いて評価を行った。正常前駆脂肪細胞は通常白色脂肪細胞へと分化するが、褐色様脂肪細胞へと分化誘導されることで白色脂肪細胞ではほとんど観察されないUCP−1遺伝子の発現や、ミトコンドリアに発現するCox7a1遺伝子の発現量の増加、及び褐色様脂肪細胞特異的に発現するCBP/p300‐interacting transactivator(CITED1)遺伝子の発現亢進が観察されるようになる。そこで、CITED1、Cox7a1及びUCP1の各遺伝子の発現量を指標に、白色脂肪細胞の褐色様脂肪細胞への分化誘導を確認した。
また、UHA4003は、製造コストがかかる合成アゴニストであるロシグリタゾンと比べて、ワンステップで、食品成分から安価に調製することが可能である点でも優れていることがわかる。
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