JP6021378B2 - 基板および半導体装置 - Google Patents
基板および半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6021378B2 JP6021378B2 JP2012075927A JP2012075927A JP6021378B2 JP 6021378 B2 JP6021378 B2 JP 6021378B2 JP 2012075927 A JP2012075927 A JP 2012075927A JP 2012075927 A JP2012075927 A JP 2012075927A JP 6021378 B2 JP6021378 B2 JP 6021378B2
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Description
一般に、電極が所定の面積の領域に二次元アレイとして形成された場合、ウエハの接合時には、当該二次元アレイの周縁部に位置する電極により大きな応力が作用する傾向があると言われている。これは、周縁部の電極の周囲には、他の電極が存在しない領域があり、当該領域の荷重を他の電極と分担しにくいことが一つの要因と考えられている。
本発明の他の目的は、基板が受けるダメージが少なく、電極が好適に接合された半導体装置を提供することである。
前記電極アレイに形成される電極は、前記基材に設けられた配線に接続される回路電極と、前記配線に接続されず、平面視において前記回路電極よりも外側に配置されるダミー電極とを有し、
前記電極アレイは、前記回路電極が配置される中央部と、平面視において前記中央部の周囲に設けられ、前記回路電極および前記ダミー電極が配置される漸増領域とを有し、前記漸増領域においては、前記中央部に近づくにつれて前記電極の高さが徐々に高くなるように形成され、
前記漸増領域の最外周に配置された前記ダミー電極と略同じ高さのダミー電極が、前記漸増領域の外側にあるスクライブラインとなる境界線に沿って配置されていることを特徴とする。
また、前記電極の径および形成ピッチの少なくとも一方は、20マイクロメートル以下に設定されてもよい。
また、前記漸増領域における電極の高さは、前記中央部に形成された電極の80%以上とされてもよい。
また、前記電極は、金、銅、ニッケル、およびこれらの金属の少なくとも一つを含む合金のいずれかからなるものでもよい。
また、前記電極は、メッキにより形成されてもよく、無電解メッキで形成されてもよい。
また、本発明の基板は、前記基材に設けられた半導体素子をさらに備えてもよい。
また、本発明の半導体装置によれば、基板が受けるダメージが少なく、電極が好適に接合された半導体装置とすることができる。
図1の上側は、本実施形態の基板1を示す平面図である。基板1は、板状またはシート状の基材10と、基材10の面上に形成された複数の電極アレイ20とを備えている。
また、図示を省略しているが、基材10には、電極アレイ20と電気的に接続された配線が形成されている。配線の態様は、印刷やエッチング等により基材10の厚さ方向の一方または両方の面に形成されてもよいし、ビア等のように、基材を貫通するように形成されてもよいし、さらには、積層技術を用いた立体配線であってもよく、これらが適宜組み合わされてもよい。
回路電極20aおよびダミー電極20bは、いずれも金属等の導電性の材料で形成されており、金、銅、ニッケル、およびこれらの金属の少なくとも一つを含む合金のいずれかからなるのが好ましい。また、いずれも、無電解メッキ等のメッキにより、好適に形成することができる。
なお、ダミー電極20bは、電源やグラウンド等の、信号のやり取りをしない部位とは接続されてもよい。
電極アレイよりも大きいレジスト層を形成して、電極アレイの電極を一括してメッキにより形成すると、アレイ周縁の電極の成長が最も遅く、周縁から200μm以内の範囲では周縁から離れるにつれて成長速度が徐々に早くなり、それ以上周縁から離れると、成長速度がほぼ一定になった。その結果、形成した電極アレイにおいて、電極は図3(b)のような高さ分布を示した。電極の高さは、最も低いアレイ周縁において最大高さの80%前後であった。
境界線12に沿って形成されたダミー電極20bと、電極アレイ20の最外周に配置されたダミー電極20bとは、前述したレジスト層から溶出する成分の影響が同程度である為、同程度の高さに形成されている。なお、境界線12に沿って形成されるダミー電極20bは、電極アレイ20の電極と同時に形成されてもよいし、電極アレイ20とは別個のプロセスで形成されてもよい。
接合時における基板の位置決めには公知のウエハ接合装置等を用いることができる。また、接合前に、各基板の基材表面および電極部をプラズマクリーニングや逆スパッタ等により清浄化して、いわゆる表面活性化を利用して電極どうしを接合してもよい。
漸増領域20Aでは、回路電極20aの高さが周縁に向かって徐々に低くなっているため、基板1および相手側基板100のいずれかがわずかに撓んで回路電極20aと電極パッド103とが接合されているが、この撓みは1μm未満とごくわずかであるため、図6ではいずれの基板も平坦に示している。また、ダミー電極20bは、接合される相手側の電極パッドが存在しないため、荷重が解除された後は、基板100と非接触の状態となる。
相手側基板100の接合面と反対側の面には、配線102に達する穴が形成され、外部端子と配線102とを接続するための外部電極取出し部104とされている。外部電極取出し部104には、金属等の導電性物質が充填されてもよい。
また、単位領域内における電極アレイの個数や配置態様についても、製造する半導体装置の構成等を考慮して適宜設定されてよい。
なお、ダミー電極を設ける場合も、これが最外周のみに配置される必要はなく、漸増領域全体あるいはさらに中央部の一部にまでダミー電極が配置されてもよい。さらに、境界線と電極アレイとの間の領域にダミー電極が配置されてもよい。
また、本発明の基板を少なくとも1枚含む3枚以上の基板が接合されて半導体装置が構成されてもよい。
10 基材
12 境界線
20 電極アレイ
20A 漸増領域
20B 中央部
20a 回路電極
20b ダミー電極
101 半導体素子
102 配線
120 半導体装置
Claims (10)
- 所定の厚さを有する基材と、前記基材の厚さ方向の一方の面に設けられ、複数の電極が平面視において二次元配列された電極アレイとを備える基板であって、
前記電極アレイに形成される電極は、前記基材に設けられた配線に接続される回路電極と、前記配線に接続されず、平面視において前記回路電極よりも外側に配置されるダミー電極とを有し、
前記電極アレイは、前記回路電極が配置される中央部と、平面視において前記中央部の周囲に設けられ、前記回路電極および前記ダミー電極が配置される漸増領域とを有し、前記漸増領域においては、前記中央部に近づくにつれて前記電極の高さが徐々に高くなるように形成され、
前記漸増領域の最外周に配置された前記ダミー電極と略同じ高さのダミー電極が、前記漸増領域の外側にあるスクライブラインとなる境界線に沿って配置されている
ことを特徴とする基板。 - 前記漸増領域は、200マイクロメートル以上の幅を有して前記中央部の周囲に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基板。
- 前記電極の径および形成ピッチの少なくとも一方は、20マイクロメートル以下に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の基板。
- 前記漸増領域における電極の高さは、前記中央部に形成された電極の80%以上とされていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の基板。
- 前記基材は、半導体または絶縁体で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基板。
- 前記電極は、金、銅、ニッケル、およびこれらの金属の少なくとも一つを含む合金のいずれかからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基板。
- 前記電極は、メッキにより形成されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の基板。
- 前記電極は、無電解メッキにより形成されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の基板。
- 前記基材に設けられた半導体素子をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の基板。
- 電極部が形成された基板を少なくとも2枚接合して形成された半導体装置であって、前記基板の少なくとも一つは、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の基板であることを特徴とする半導体装置。
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