JP6002034B2 - 病原体圧の本質的に非存在下で農作物の活力および/または作物収穫量を増加させる方法 - Google Patents
病原体圧の本質的に非存在下で農作物の活力および/または作物収穫量を増加させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6002034B2 JP6002034B2 JP2012509000A JP2012509000A JP6002034B2 JP 6002034 B2 JP6002034 B2 JP 6002034B2 JP 2012509000 A JP2012509000 A JP 2012509000A JP 2012509000 A JP2012509000 A JP 2012509000A JP 6002034 B2 JP6002034 B2 JP 6002034B2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/30—Derivatives containing the group >N—CO—N aryl or >N—CS—N—aryl
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
- A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
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Description
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス(Bacillus subtilis)株もしくはその無細胞抽出物、および/またはそれぞれの株もしくは抽出物を同定する特徴を全て有するこの株の変異体もしくは抽出物と、
b) 場合により、成分(II)として、活性化合物群A)〜J)から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物:
A) 以下からなる群から選択されるストロビルリン類
・ アゾキシストロビン、ジモキシストロビン、エネストロブリン、フルオキサストロビン、クレソキシムメチル、メトミノストロビン(methominostrobin)、オリサストロビン、ピコキシストロビン、ピラクロストロビン、ピリベンカルブ、トリフロキシストロビン、2-(2-(6-(3-クロロ-2-メチル-フェノキシ)-5-フルオロ-ピリミジン-4-イルオキシ)-フェニル)-2-メトキシイミノ-N-メチル-アセトアミド、3-メトキシ-2-(2-(N-(4-メトキシ-フェニル)-シクロプロパンカルボキシミドイルスルファニルメチル)-フェニル)-アクリル酸メチルエステル、メチル(2-クロロ-5-[1-(3-メチルベンゾイルオキシイミノ)エチル]ベンジル)カーバメートおよび2-(2-(3-(2,6-ジクロロフェニル)-1-メチル-アリリデンアミノオキシメチル)-フェニル)-2-メトキシイミノ-N-メチルアセトアミド;
B) 以下からなる群から選択されるカルボキサミド類
・ カルボキシアニリド類:ベナラキシル、ベナラキシル-M、ベノダニル、ビキサフェン、ボスカリド、カルボキシン、フェンフラム、フェンヘキサミド、フルトラニル、フラメトピル、イソピラザム、イソチアニル、キララキシル、メプロニル、メタラキシル、メタラキシル-M(メフェノキサム)、オフレース、オキサジキシル、オキシカルボキシン、ペンチオピラド、セダキサン、テクロフタラム、チフルズアミド、チアジニル、2-アミノ-4-メチル-チアゾール-5-カルボキシアニリド、2-クロロ-N-(1,1,3-トリメチル-インダン-4-イル)-ニコチンアミド、N-(3',4',5'-トリフルオロビフェニル-2-イル)-3-ジフルオロメチル-1-メチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド、N-(4'-トリフルオロメチルチオビフェニル-2-イル)-3-ジフルオロメチル-1-メチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド、N-(2-(1,3-ジメチル-ブチル)-フェニル)-1,3-ジメチル-5-フルオロ-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミドおよびN-(2-(1,3,3-トリメチル-ブチル)-フェニル)-1,3-ジメチル-5-フルオロ-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド;
・ カルボン酸モルホリド類:ジメトモルフ、フルモルフ、ピリモルフ;
・ 安息香酸アミド類:フルメトベル、フルオピコリド、フルオピラム、ゾキサミド、N-(3-エチル-3,5,5-トリメチル-シクロヘキシル)-3-ホルミルアミノ-2-ヒドロキシ-ベンズアミド;
・ 他のカルボキサミド類:カルプロパミド、ジシクロメット、マンジプロパミド、オキシテトラサイクリン、シルチオファムおよびN-(6-メトキシ-ピリジン-3-イル)シクロプロパンカルボン酸アミド;
C) 以下からなる群から選択されるアゾール類
・ トリアゾール類:アザコナゾール、ビテルタノール、ブロムコナゾール、シプロコナゾール、ジフェノコナゾール、ジニコナゾール、ジニコナゾール-M、エポキシコナゾール、フェンブコナゾール、フルキンコナゾール、フルシラゾール、フルトリアホール、ヘキサコナゾール、イミベンコナゾール、イプコナゾール、メトコナゾール、ミクロブタニル、オキスポコナゾール、パクロブトラゾール、ペンコナゾール、プロピコナゾール、プロチオコナゾール、シメコナゾール、テブコナゾール、テトラコナゾール、トリアジメホン、トリアジメノール、トリチコナゾール、ウニコナゾール、1-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-2-([1,2,4]トリアゾール-1-イル)-シクロヘプタノール;
・ イミダゾール類:シアゾファミド、イマザリル、ペフラゾエート、プロクロラズ、トリフルミゾール;
・ ベンズイミダゾール類:ベノミル、カルベンダジム、フベリダゾール、チアベンダゾール;
・ その他:エタボキサム、エトリジアゾール、ヒメキサゾールおよび2-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-N-[4-(3,4-ジメトキシ-フェニル)-イソオキサゾール-5-イル]-2-プロパ-2-イニルオキシ-アセトアミド;
D) 以下からなる群から選択されるヘテロ環化合物類
・ ピリジン類:フルアジナム、ピリフェノックス、3-[5-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-2,3-ジメチルイソオキサゾリジン-3-イル]-ピリジン、3-[5-(4-メチル-フェニル)-2,3-ジメチル-イソオキサゾリジン-3-イル]-ピリジン、2,3,5,6-テトラ-クロロ-4-メタンスルホニル-ピリジン、3,4,5-トリクロロピリジン-2,6-ジ-カルボニトリル、N-(1-(5-ブロモ-3-クロロ-ピリジン-2-イル)-エチル)-2,4-ジクロロニコチンアミド、N-[(5-ブロモ-3-クロロ-ピリジン-2-イル)-メチル]-2,4-ジクロロ-ニコチンアミド;
・ ピリミジン類:ブピリメート、シプロジニル、ジフルメトリム、フェナリモール、フェリムゾン、メパニピリム、ニトラピリン、ヌアリモール、ピリメタニル;
・ ピペラジン類:トリホリン;
・ ピロール類:フェンピクロニル、フルジオキソニル;
・ モルホリン類:アルジモルフ、ドデモルフ、ドデモルフ-アセテート、フェンプロピモルフ、トリデモルフ;
・ ピペリジン類:フェンプロピジン;
・ ジカルボキシイミド類:フルオロイミド、イプロジオン、プロシミドン、ビンクロゾリン;
・ 非芳香族5員ヘテロ環類:ファモキサドン、フェンアミドン、フルチアニル、オクチリノン、プロベナゾール、5-アミノ-2-イソプロピル-3-オキソ-4-オルト-トリル-2,3-ジヒドロ-ピラゾール-1-カルボチオ酸S-アリルエステル;
・ その他:アシベンゾラル-S-メチル、アミスルブロム、アニラジン、ブラストサイジン-S、カプタホール、カプタン、チノメチオナート、ダゾメット、デバカルブ、ジクロメジン、ジフェンゾコート、ジフェンゾコートメチルサルフェート、フェノキサニル、フォルペット、オキソリン酸、ピペラリン、プロキナジド、ピロキロン、キノキシフェン、トリアゾキシド、トリシクラゾール、2-ブトキシ-6-ヨード-3-プロピルクロメン-4-オン、5-クロロ-1-(4,6-ジメトキシ-ピリミジン-2-イル)-2-メチル-1H-ベンゾイミダゾール、5-クロロ-7-(4-メチルピペリジン-1-イル)-6-(2,4,6-トリフルオロフェニル)-[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5-a]ピリミジン、および5-エチル-6-オクチル-[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5-a]ピリミジン-7-イルアミン;
E) 以下からなる群から選択されるカーバメート類
・ チオカーバメート類およびジチオカーバメート類:ファーバム、マンゼブ、マンネブ、メタム、メタスルホカルブ、メチラム、プロピネブ、チラム、ジネブ、ジラム;
・ カーバメート類:ベンチアバリカルブ、ジエトフェンカルブ、イプロバリカルブ、プロパモカルブ、プロパモカルブ塩酸塩、バリフェナルおよびN-(1-(1-(4-シアノ-フェニル)エタンスルホニル)-ブタ-2-イル)カルバミン酸-(4-フルオロフェニル)エステル;
F) 以下からなる群から選択される他の活性物質
・ グアニジン類:グアニジン、ドジン、ドジン遊離塩基、グアザチン、グアザチン酢酸塩、イミノクタジン、イミノクタジントリアセテート、イミノクタジントリス(アルベシレート);
・ 抗生物質:カスガマイシン、カスガマイシン塩酸塩水和物、ストレプトマイシン、ポリオキシン、バリダマイシンA、ストレプトマイシン;
・ ニトロフェニル誘導体類:ビナパクリル、ジノブトン、ジノカップ、ニトロタールイソプロピル、テクナゼン;
・ 有機金属化合物類:フェンチン塩、例えばフェンチンアセテート、フェンチンクロリドまたはフェンチンヒドロキシド;
・ 硫黄含有ヘテロ環化合物類:ジチアノン、イソプロチオラン;
・ 有機リン化合物類:エジフェンホス、ホセチル、ホセチルアルミニウム、イプロベンホス、亜リン酸およびその塩、ピラゾホス、トルクロホスメチル;
・ 有機塩素化合物類:クロロタロニル、ジクロフルアニド、ジクロロフェン、フルスルファミド、ヘキサクロロベンゼン、ペンシクロン、ペンタクロロフェノールおよびその塩、フタリド、キントゼン、チオファネートメチル、トリルフルアニド、N-(4-クロロ-2-ニトロ-フェニル)-N-エチル-4-メチルベンゼンスルホンアミド;
・ 無機活性物質類:ボルドー混合物、酢酸銅、水酸化銅、オキシ塩化銅、塩基性硫酸銅、硫黄;
・ その他:ビフェニル、ブロノポール、シフルフェナミド、シモキサニル、ジフェニルアミン、メトラフェノン、ミルジオマイシン、オキシン銅、プロヘキサジオンカルシウム、スピロキサミン、トリルフルアニド、N-(シクロプロピルメトキシイミノ-(6-ジフルオロメトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-フェニル)-メチル)-2-フェニルアセトアミド、N'-(4-(4-クロロ-3-トリフルオロメチル-フェノキシ)-2,5-ジメチル-フェニル)-N-エチル-N-メチルホルムアミジン、N'-(4-(4-フルオロ-3-トリフルオロメチル-フェノキシ)-2,5-ジメチル-フェニル)-N-エチル-N-メチルホルムアミジン、N'-(2-メチル-5-トリフルオロメチル-4-(3-トリメチルシラニル-プロポキシ)-フェニル)-N-エチル-N-メチルホルムアミジン、N'-(5-ジフルオロメチル-2-メチル-4-(3-トリメチルシラニル-プロポキシ)-フェニル)-N-エチル-N-メチルホルムアミジン、2-{1-[2-(5-メチル-3-トリフルオロメチル-ピラゾール-1-イル)-アセチル]-ピペリジン-4-イル}-チアゾール-4-カルボン酸メチル-(1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロ-ナフタレン-1-イル)-アミド、2-{1-[2-(5-メチル-3-トリフルオロメチル-ピラゾール-1-イル)-アセチル]-ピペリジン-4-イル}-チアゾール-4-カルボン酸メチル-(R)-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロ-ナフタレン-1-イル-アミド、酢酸6-tert-ブチル-8-フルオロ-2,3-ジメチル-キノリン-4-イルエステルおよびメトキシ酢酸6-tert-ブチル-8-フルオロ-2,3-ジメチル-キノリン-4-イルエステル、フェンチンアセテート、フェンチンクロリド、フェンチンヒドロキシド。
・ アブシジン酸、アミドクロール、アンシミドール、6-ベンジルアミノプリン、ブラシノライド、ブトラリン、クロルメコート(クロルメコートクロリド)、コリンクロリド、シクラニリド、ダミノジド、ジケグラック、ジメチピン、2,6-ジメチルプリジン、エテホン、フルメトラリン、フルルプリミドール、フルチアセット、ホルクロルフェニュロン、ジベレリン酸、イナベンフィド、インドール-3-酢酸、マレイン酸ヒドラジド、メフルイジド、メピコート(メピコートクロリド)、ナフタレン酢酸、N-6-ベンジルアデニン、パクロブトラゾール、プロヘキサジオン(プロヘキサジオンカルシウム)、プロヒドロジャスモン、チジアズロン、トリアペンテノール、トリブチルホスホロトリチオエート、2,3,5-トリ-ヨード安息香酸、トリネキサパックエチルおよびウニコナゾール;
H) 以下からなる群から選択される除草剤
・ アセトアミド類:アセトクロール、アラクロール、ブタクロール、ジメタクロール、ジメテナミド、フルフェナセット、メフェナセット、メトラクロール、メタザクロール、ナプロパミド、ナプロアニリド、ペトキサミド、プレチラクロール、プロパクロール、テニルクロール;
・ アミノ酸誘導体類:ビラナホス、グルホシネート、スルホサート;
・ アリールオキシフェノキシプロピオネート類:クロジナホップ、シハロホップ-ブチル、フェノキサプロップ、フルアジホップ、ハロキシホップ、メタミホップ、プロパキザホップ、キザロホップ、キザロホップ-P-テフリル;
・ ビピリジル類:ジコート、パラコート;
・ (チオ)カーバメート類:アシュラム、ブチレート、カルベタミド、デスメジファム、ジメピペレート、エプタム(EPTC)、エスプロカルブ、モリネート、オルベンカルブ、フェンメジファム、プロスルホカルブ、ピリブチカルブ、チオベンカルブ、トリアレート;
・ シクロヘキサンジオン類:ブトロキシジム、クレトジム、シクロキシジム、プロホキシジム、セトキシジム、テプラロキシジム、トラルコキシジム;
・ ジニトロアニリン類:ベンフルラリン、エタルフルラリン、オリザリン、ペンジメタリン、プロジアミン、トリフルラリン;
・ ジフェニルエーテル類:アシフルオルフェン、アクロニフェン、ビフェノックス、ジクロホップ、エトキシフェン、ホメサフェン、ラクトフェン、オキシフルオルフェン;
・ ヒドロキシベンゾニトリル類:ブロモキシニル、ジクロベニル、アイオキシニル;
・ イミダゾリノン類:イマザメタベンズ、イマザモックス、イマザピック、イマザピル、イマザキン、イマゼタピル;
・ フェノキシ酢酸類:クロメプロップ、2,4-ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸(2,4-D)、2,4-DB、ジクロルプロップ、MCPA、MCPA-チオエチル、MCPB、メコプロップ;
・ ピラジン類:クロリダゾン、フルフェンピル-エチル、フルチアセット、ノルフルラゾン、ピリデート;
・ ピリジン類:アミノピラリド、クロピラリド、ジフルフェニカン、ジチオピル、フルリドン、フルロキシピル、ピクロラム、ピコリナフェン、チアゾピル;
・ スルホニル尿素類:アミドスルフロン、アジムスルフロン、ベンスルフロン、クロリムロン-エチル、クロルスルフロン、シノスルフロン、シクロスルファムロン、エトキシスルフロン、フラザスルフロン、フルセトスルフロン、フルピルスルフロン、ホラムスルフロン、ハロスルフロン、イマゾスルフロン、ヨードスルフロン、メソスルフロン、メトスルフロン-メチル、ニコスルフロン、オキサスルフロン、プリミスルフロン、プロスルフロン、ピラゾスルフロン、リムスルフロン、スルホメツロン、スルホスルフロン、チフェンスルフロン、トリアスルフロン、トリベヌロン、トルフロキシスルフロン、トリフルスルフロン、トリトスルフロン、1-((2-クロロ-6-プロピル-イミダゾ[1,2-b]ピリダジン-3-イル)スルホニル)-3-(4,6-ジメトキシ-ピリミジン-2-イル)尿素;
・ トリアジン類:アメトリン、アトラジン、シアナジン、ジメタメトリン、エチオジン、ヘキサジノン、メタミトロン、メトリブジン、プロメトリン、シマジン、テルブチラジン、テルブトリン、トリアジフラム;
・ 尿素類:クロロトルロン、ダイムロン、ジウロン、フルオメツロン、イソプロツロン、リニュロン、メタベンズチアズロン、テブチウロン;
・ 他のアセト乳酸合成酵素阻害剤類:ビスピリバック-ナトリウム、クロランスラム-メチル、ジクロスラム、フロラスラム、フルカルバゾン、フルメツラム、メトスラム、オルト-スルファムロン、ペノキススラム、プロポキシカルバゾン、ピリバムベンズ-プロピル、ピリベンゾキシム、ピリフタリド、ピリミノバック-メチル、ピリミスルファン、ピリチオバック、ピロキサスルホン、ピロキシスラム;
・ その他:アミカルバゾン、アミノトリアゾール、アニロホス、ベフルブタミド、ベナゾリン、ベンカルバゾン、ベンフレセート、ベンゾフェナップ、ベンタゾン、ベンゾビシクロン、ブロマシル、ブロモブチド、ブタフェナシル、ブタミホス、カフェンストロール、カルフェントラゾン、シニドンエチル、クロルタール、シンメチリン、クロマゾン、クミルロン、シプロスルファミド、ジカンバ、ジフェンゾコート、ジフルフェンゾピル、ドレクスレラモノセラス、エンドタール、エトフメセート、エトベンザニド、フェントラザミド、フルミクロラック-ペンチル、フルミオキサジン、フルポキサム、フルロクロリドン、フルルタモン、インダノファン、イソキサベン、イソキサフルトール、レナシル、プロパニル、プロピザミド、キンクロラック、キンメラック、メソトリオン、メチルアルソン酸、ナプタラム、オキサジアルギル、オキサジアゾン、オキサジクロメホン、ペントキサゾン、ピノキサデン、ピラクロニル、ピラフルフェン-エチル、ピラスルホトール、ピラゾキシフェン、ピラゾリネート、キノクラミン、サフルフェナシル、スルコトリオン、スルフェントラゾン、テルバシル、テフリルトリオン、テムボトリオン、チエンカルバゾン、トプラメゾン、4-ヒドロキシ-3-[2-(2-メトキシ-エトキシメチル)-6-トリフルオロメチル-ピリジン-3-カルボニル]-ビシクロ[3.2.1]オクタ-3-エン-2-オン、(3-[2-クロロ-4-フルオロ-5-(3-メチル-2,6-ジオキソ-4-トリフルオロメチル-3,6-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル)-フェノキシ]-ピリジン-2-イルオキシ)-酢酸エチルエステル、6-アミノ-5-クロロ-2-シクロプロピル-ピリミジン-4-カルボン酸メチルエステル、6-クロロ-3-(2-シクロプロピル-6-メチル-フェノキシ)-ピリダジン-4-オール、4-アミノ-3-クロロ-6-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-5-フルオロ-ピリジン-2-カルボン酸、4-アミノ-3-クロロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシ-フェニル)-ピリジン-2-カルボン酸メチルエステル、および4-アミノ-3-クロロ-6-(4-クロロ-3-ジメチルアミノ-2-フルオロ-フェニル)-ピリジン-2-カルボン酸メチルエステル;
J) 以下からなる群から選択される殺虫剤
・ 有機(チオ)リン酸エステル類:アセフェート、アザメチホス、アジンホス-メチル、クロルピリホス、クロルピリホス-メチル、クロルフェンビンホス、ダイアジノン、ジクロルボス、ジクロトホス、ジメトエート、ジスルホトン、エチオン、フェニトロチオン、フェンチオン、イソキサチオン、マラチオン、メタミドホス、メチダチオン、メチルパラチオン、メビンホス、モノクロトホス、オキシデメトン-メチル、パラオキソン、パラチオン、フェントエート、ホサロン、ホスメット、ホスファミドン、ホレート、ホキシム、ピリミホス-メチル、プロフェノホス、プロチオホス、スルプロホス、テトラクロルビンホス、テルブホス、トリアゾホス、トリクロルホン;
・ カーバメート類:アラニカルブ、アルジカルブ、ベンジオカルブ、ベンフラカルブ、カルバリル、カルボフラン、カルボスルファン、フェノキシカルブ、フラチオカルブ、メチオカルブ、メソミル、オキサミル、ピリミカルブ、プロポキスル、チオジカルブ、トリアザメート;
・ ピレスロイド類:アレトリン、ビフェントリン、シフルトリン、シハロトリン、シフェノトリン、シペルメトリン、アルファ-シペルメトリン、ベータ-シペルメトリン、ゼータ-シペルメトリン、デルタメトリン、エスフェンバレレート、エトフェンプロックス、フェンプロパトリン、フェンバレレート、イミプロトリン、ラムダ-シハロトリン、ペルメトリン、プラレトリン、ピレトリンIおよびII、レスメトリン、シラフルオフェン、タウ-フルバリネート、テフルトリン、テトラメトリン、トラロメトリン、トランスフルトリン、プロフルトリン、ジメフルトリン;
・ 昆虫成長調節剤:a) キチン合成阻害剤:ベンゾイル尿素類:クロルフルアズロン、シロマジン、ジフルベンズロン、フルシクロクスロン、フルフェノクスロン、ヘキサフルムロン、ルフェヌロン、ノバルロン、テフルベンズロン、トリフルムロン;ブプロフェジン、ジオフェノラン、ヘキシチアゾクス、エトキサゾール、クロフェンタジン;b) エクジソンアンタゴニスト類:ハロフェノジド、メトキシフェノジド、テブフェノジド、アザジラクチン;c) 幼若ホルモン様物質:ピリプロキシフェン、メトプレン、フェノキシカルブ;d) 脂質生合成阻害剤:スピロジクロフェン、スピロメシフェン、スピロテトラマト;
・ ニコチン受容体アゴニスト/アンタゴニスト化合物類:クロチアニジン、ジノテフラン、イミダクロプリド、チアメトキサム、ニテンピラム、アセタミプリド、チアクロプリド、1-(2-クロロ-チアゾール-5-イルメチル)-2-ニトリミノ-3,5-ジメチル-[1,3,5]トリアジナン;
・ GABAアンタゴニスト化合物類:エンドスルファン、エチプロール、フィプロニル、バニリプロール、ピラフルプロール、ピリプロール、5-アミノ-1-(2,6-ジクロロ-4-メチルフェニル)-4-スルフィナモイル-1H-ピラゾール-3-カルボチオ酸アミド;
・ 大環状ラクトン系殺虫剤:アバメクチン、エマメクチン、ミルベメクチン、レピメクチン、スピノサド、スピネトラム;
・ ミトコンドリア電子伝達阻害剤(METI)I 殺ダニ剤:フェナザキン、ピリダベン、テブフェンピラド、トルフェンピラド、フルフェネリム;
・ METI IIおよびIII化合物類:アセキノシル、フルアシプリム、ヒドラメチルノン;
・ 脱共役剤:クロルフェナピル;
・ 酸化的リン酸化阻害剤:シヘキサチン、ジアフェンチウロン、酸化フェンブタスズ、プロパルギット;
・ 脱皮撹乱剤化合物:シロマジン;
・ 混合機能オキシダーゼ阻害剤:ピペロニルブトキシド;
・ ナトリウムチャネル遮断薬:インドキサカルブ、メタフルミゾン;
・ その他:ベンクロチアズ、ビフェナゼート、カルタップ、フロニカミド、ピリダリル、ピメトロジン、硫黄、チオシクラム、フルベンジアミド、クロラントラニリプロール、シアジピル(HGW86)、シエノピラフェン、フルピラゾホス、シフルメトフェン、アミドフルメト、イミシアホス、ビストリフルロン、およびピリフルキナゾン
とを含む有効量の組成物で処理する、上記方法に関する。
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物、および/またはそれぞれの株もしくは抽出物を同定する特徴を全て有するこの株の変異体もしくは抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、上記に定義される活性化合物群A)〜J)から選択される1種の化合物
とを100:1〜1:100の重量比で含む有効量の組成物で処理する、上記方法に関する。
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物、および/またはそれぞれの株もしくは抽出物を同定する特徴を全て有するこの株の変異体もしくは抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、上記に定義される活性化合物群A)〜J)から選択される2種の化合物
とを含む有効量の組成物で処理する、上記方法に関する。
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物、および/またはそれぞれの株もしくは抽出物を同定する特徴を全て有するこの株の変異体もしくは抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、請求項1に定義される活性化合物群A)〜J)から選択される1種の化合物
とを含む有効量の組成物を同時に、すなわち一緒にもしくは別々に、または連続的に施用することによって処理する、上記方法に関する。
・ 以下から選択されるカルボキシアニリド類:ベナラキシル、ベナラキシル-M、ベノダニル、ビキサフェン、ボスカリド、カルボキシン、フェンフラム、フェンヘキサミド、フルトラニル、フラメトピル、イソピラザム、イソチアニル、キララキシル、メプロニル、メタラキシル、メタラキシル-M(メフェノキサム)、オフレース、オキサジキシル、オキシカルボキシン、ペンチオピラド、セダキサン、テクロフタラム、チフルズアミド、チアジニル、2-アミノ-4-メチル-チアゾール-5-カルボキシアニリド、2-クロロ-N-(1,1,3-トリメチル-インダン-4-イル)-ニコチンアミド、N-(3',4',5'-トリフルオロビフェニル-2-イル)-3-ジフルオロメチル-1-メチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド、N-(4'-トリフルオロメチルチオビフェニル-2-イル)-3-ジフルオロメチル-1-メチル-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド、N-(2-(1,3-ジメチル-ブチル)-フェニル)-1,3-ジメチル-5-フルオロ-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミドおよびN-(2-(1,3,3-トリメチル-ブチル)-フェニル)-1,3-ジメチル-5-フルオロ-1H-ピラゾール-4-カルボキサミド;
・ 以下から選択されるカルボン酸モルホリド類:ジメトモルフ、フルモルフおよびピリモルフ;
・ 以下から選択される安息香酸アミド類:フルメトベル、フルオピコリド、フルオピラム、ゾキサミドおよびN-(3-エチル-3,5,5-トリメチル-シクロヘキシル)-3-ホルミルアミノ-2-ヒドロキシ-ベンズアミド;
・ 以下から選択される他のカルボキサミド類:カルプロパミド、ジシクロメット、マンジプロパミド、オキシテトラサイクリン、シルチオファムおよびN-(6-メトキシ-ピリジン-3-イル)シクロプロパンカルボン酸アミド。
・ 以下から選択されるトリアゾール類:アザコナゾール、ビテルタノール、ブロムコナゾール、シプロコナゾール、ジフェノコナゾール、ジニコナゾール、ジニコナゾール-M、エポキシコナゾール、フェンブコナゾール、フルキンコナゾール、フルシラゾール、フルトリアホール、ヘキサコナゾール、イミベンコナゾール、イプコナゾール、メトコナゾール、ミクロブタニル、オキスポコナゾール、パクロブトラゾール、ペンコナゾール、プロピコナゾール、プロチオコナゾール、シメコナゾール、テブコナゾール、テトラコナゾール、トリアジメホン、トリアジメノール、トリチコナゾール、ウニコナゾールおよび1-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-2-([1,2,4]トリアゾール-1-イル)-シクロヘプタノール;
・ 以下から選択されるイミダゾール類:シアゾファミド、イマザリル、ペフラゾエート、プロクロラズおよびトリフルミゾール;
・ 以下から選択されるベンズイミダゾール類:ベノミル、カルベンダジム、フベリダゾールおよびチアベンダゾール;
・ 以下から選択されるその他:エタボキサム、エトリジアゾール、ヒメキサゾールおよび2-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-N-[4-(3,4-ジメトキシ-フェニル)-イソオキサゾール-5-イル]-2-プロパ-2-イニルオキシ-アセトアミド。
・ 以下から選択されるピリジン類:フルアジナム、ピリフェノックス、3-[5-(4-クロロ-フェニル)-2,3-ジメチル-イソオキサゾリジン-3-イル]-ピリジン、3-[5-(4-メチル-フェニル)-2,3-ジメチル-イソオキサゾリジン-3-イル]-ピリジン、2,3,5,6-テトラ-クロロ-4-メタンスルホニル-ピリジン、3,4,5-トリクロロピリジン-2,6-ジ-カルボニトリル、N-(1-(5-ブロモ-3-クロロ-ピリジン-2-イル)-エチル)-2,4-ジクロロニコチンアミドおよびN-[(5-ブロモ-3-クロロ-ピリジン-2-イル)-メチル]-2,4-ジクロロ-ニコチンアミド;
・ 以下から選択されるピリミジン類:ブピリメート、シプロジニル、ジフルメトリム、フェナリモール、フェリムゾン、メパニピリム、ニトラピリン、ヌアリモール、ピリメタニル;
ピペラジン類:トリホリン;
・ 以下から選択されるピロール類:フェンピクロニルおよびフルジオキソニル;
・ 以下から選択されるモルホリン類:アルジモルフ、ドデモルフ、ドデモルフ-アセテート、フェンプロピモルフおよびトリデモルフ;
・ ピペリジン類:フェンプロピジン;
・ 以下から選択されるジカルボキシイミド類:フルオロイミド、イプロジオン、プロシミドンおよびビンクロゾリン;
・ 以下から選択される非芳香族5員ヘテロ環類:ファモキサドン、フェンアミドン、フルチアニル、オクチリノン、プロベナゾールおよび5-アミノ-2-イソプロピル-3-オキソ-4-オルト-トリル-2,3-ジヒドロ-ピラゾール-1-カルボチオ酸S-アリルエステル;
・ 以下から選択されるその他:アシベンゾラル-S-メチル、アミスルブロム、アニラジン、ブラストサイジン-S、カプタホール、カプタン、チノメチオナート、ダゾメット、デバカルブ、ジクロメジン、ジフェンゾコート、ジフェンゾコートメチルサルフェート、フェノキサニル、フォルペット、オキソリン酸、ピペラリン、プロキナジド、ピロキロン、キノキシフェン、トリアゾキシド、トリシクラゾール、2-ブトキシ-6-ヨード-3-プロピルクロメン-4-オン、5-クロロ-1-(4,6-ジメトキシ-ピリミジン-2-イル)-2-メチル-1H-ベンゾイミダゾール、5-クロロ-7-(4-メチルピペリジン-1-イル)-6-(2,4,6-トリフルオロフェニル)-[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5-a]ピリミジンおよび5-エチル-6-オクチル-[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5-a]ピリミジン-7-イルアミン。
・ 以下から選択されるチオカーバメート類およびジチオカーバメート類:ファーバム、マンゼブ、マンネブ、メタム、メタスルホカルブ、メチラム、プロピネブ、チラム、ジネブおよびジラム;
・ 以下から選択されるカーバメート類:ベンチアバリカルブ、ジエトフェンカルブ、イプロバリカルブ、プロパモカルブ、プロパモカルブ塩酸塩、バリフェナルおよびN-(1-(1-(4-シアノ-フェニル)エタンスルホニル)-ブタ-2-イル)カルバミン酸-(4-フルオロフェニル)エステル。
・ 植物重量の増加、
・ 植物丈の増大、
・ バイオマスの増加(例えば、より高い生重量および/または乾燥重量)
・ より高い穀粒収穫量
・ より多い分蘖枝
・ より大きな葉
・ 苗条の生長の増加
・ タンパク質含量の増加
・ 油含量の増加
・ デンプン含量の増加、
・ 色素含量の増加。
・ 植物の生命力の改善、
・ 植物の生長の改善、
・ 植物の発育の改善、
・ 外観の改善、
・ 植物立性の改善(植物挫折/倒伏の減少)、
・ 出芽の改善、
・ 根生長の増強および/またはより発達した根系、
・ 根粒形成(特に根粒菌の根粒形成)の増強、
・ より大きな葉身、
・ 植物サイズの増加、
・ 植物重量の増加、
・ 植物丈の増大、
・ 分蘖数の増加、
・ 苗条生長の増加、
・ 根生長の増加(広範囲の根系)、
・ 根量のサイズの増加(広範囲の根系)、
・ 貧弱土壌または好ましくない気候で生長させた場合の収穫量の増加
・ 光合成活性の増強
・ 色の変化(例えば色素含量(例えばクロロフィル含量)の増強)
・ 早期開花、
・ 早期結実、
・ 早期発芽および発芽の改善、
・ 早期(進行した)穀粒成熟、
・ 自己防衛機構の改善
・ 生産性の低い分蘖枝の減少、
・ 根出葉枯死の減少、
・ 必要とされる投入物(肥料または水など)の少量化、
・ 葉の濃緑化および緑葉面積の増加
・ 短縮された生育期間の完全成熟
・ 必要肥料の少量化、
・ 必要種子の少量化、
・ 収穫容易、
・ より速く均一な熟成
・ より長い保存可能期間、
・ より長い円錐花序、
・ 老化の遅延、
・ より強くおよび/または生産性の高い分蘖枝、
・ より優れた成分抽出性
・ 種子の品質の改善(種子生産用に次のシーズンに播種するため)
・ 植物によるエチレン生産の減少および/またはエチレン受容の阻害
・ 葉の紡錘形(spindliness)
・ 1m2当たりの穂数の増加。
る毒素、またはかかる毒素を合成することができる遺伝子組換え植物の他の例は、例えば、EP-A 374 753、WO 93/007278、WO 95/34656、EP-A 427 529、EP-A 451 878、WO 03/018810およびWO 03/052073に開示されている。かかる遺伝子組換え植物の作製法は当業者に一般的に知られており、例えば上記の刊行物中に記載されている。遺伝子組換え植物に含まれるこれらの殺虫タンパク質は、これらのタンパク質を生産する植物に、節足動物の全ての分類群、特に甲虫類(鞘翅目)、双翅昆虫類(双翅目)および蛾類(鱗翅目)ならびに線虫類(線虫綱)の有害生物に対する耐性を与える。
・ 水、芳香族溶媒(例えばSolvesso(登録商標)の製品、キシレン)、パラフィン類(例えば鉱油画分)、アルコール類(例えばメタノール、ブタノール、ペンタノール、ベンジルアルコール)、ケトン類(例えば、シクロヘキサノン、γ-ブチロラクトン)、ピロリドン類(N-メチルピロリドン、N-オクチルピロリドン)、アセテート類(グリコールジアセテート)、グリコール類、脂肪酸ジメチルアミド、脂肪酸および脂肪酸エステル(基本的には、溶媒混合物も使用可能)
・ 担体、例えば粉砕天然鉱物(例えば、カオリン、クレイ、タルク、チョーク)および粉砕合成鉱物(例えば高分散シリカ、シリケート);乳化剤、例えば非イオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤(例えばポリオキシエチレン脂肪アルコールエーテル、アルキルスルホネートおよびアリールスルホネート)
ならびに分散剤、例えばリグノ亜硫酸塩廃液およびメチルセルロースである。
1. 水で希釈する製品
A) 液剤(Water-solbule concentrates)(SL)
10重量部の本発明による組成物を90重量部の水または水溶性溶媒に溶解させる。別法として、湿潤剤または他の補助剤を添加する。水で稀釈すると、10重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する製剤が得られる。
20重量部の本発明による組成物を、70重量部のシクロヘキサノンに10重量部の分散剤(例えばポリビニルピロリドン)を加えて溶解させる。水で希釈すると、0重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する分散液が得られる。
15重量部の本発明による組成物を、75重量部のキシレンにドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸カルシウムとヒマシ油エトキシレート(いずれも5重量部)を加えて溶解させる。水で希釈すると乳液が得られる。製剤は、15重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する。
25重量部の本発明による組成物を、35重量部のキシレンにドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸カルシウムとヒマシ油エトキシレート(いずれも5重量部)を加えて溶解させる。この組成物を、乳化装置(Ultraturax)を用いて30重量部の水に導入し、均一な乳液とする。水で希釈すると乳液が得られる。製剤は、25重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する。
撹拌下にあるボールミル内で、20重量部の本発明による組成物に10重量部の分散剤、湿潤剤および70重量部の水または有機溶媒を添加して粉砕することにより、微細懸濁液が得られる。水で希釈すると、20重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する安定した懸濁液が得られる。
50重量部の本発明による組成物に50重量部の分散剤および湿潤剤を添加して微粉砕し、専用の装置(例えば、押出機、噴霧塔、流動床)を用いて顆粒水和剤または顆粒水溶剤として調製する。水で希釈すると、50重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する安定な分散液または溶液が得られる。
ローター・ステーターミル(rotor-stator mill)内で、75重量部の本発明による組成物に25重量部の分散剤、湿潤剤およびシリカゲルを添加して粉砕する。水で希釈すると、75重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する安定な分散液または溶液が得られる。
H) 散粉剤(Dustable powders)(DP)
5重量部の本発明による組成物を微粉砕し、95重量部の微粉砕カオリンと充分に混合する。これにより、5重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する粉散性製品が得られる。
0.5重量部の本発明による組成物を微粉砕し、95.5重量部の担体と組合せる。現在の方法は、押出、噴霧乾燥、または流動床である。これにより、希釈せずに施用する、0.5重量%含量の成分(I)および(II)を有する粒剤が得られる。
10重量部の本発明による組成物を、90重量部の有機溶媒(例えばキシレン)に溶解させる。これにより、希釈せずに施用する、成分(I)および(II)の10重量%の化合物含量を有する製品が得られる。
・ 3-ベンジリデンカンファーおよびこれらの誘導体、例えば3-(4-メチルベンジリデン)カンファー;
・ 4-アミノ安息香酸誘導体、好ましくは2-エチルヘキシル4-(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾエート、2-オクチル4-(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾエートおよびアミル4-(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾエート;
・ 桂皮酸のエステル、好ましくは2-エチルヘキシル4-メトキシシンナメート、プロピル4-メトキシシンナメート、イソアミル4-メトキシシンナメート、イソペンチル4-メトキシシンナメート、2-エチルヘキシル2-シアノ-3-フェニルシンナメート(オトクリレン);
・ サリチル酸のエステル、好ましくはサリチル酸2-エチルヘキシル、サリチル酸4-イソプロピル、サリチル酸ホモメンチル;
・ ベンゾフェノンの誘導体、好ましくは2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシ-4'-メチルベンゾフェノン、2,2'-ジヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン;
・ ベンジリデンマロン酸のエステル、好ましくは2-エチルヘキシル4-メトキシベンズマロネート;
・ トリアジン誘導体、例えば2,4,6-トリアニリノ(p-カルボ-2'-エチル-1'-ヘキシルオキシ)-1,3,5-トリアジン(オクチルトリアゾン)およびジオクチルブタミドトリアゾン(Uvasorb(登録商標)HEB)。
・ ベンゾフェノン類のスルホン酸誘導体、好ましくは2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン-5-スルホン酸およびその塩;
・ 3-ベンジリデンカンファーのスルホン酸誘導体、例えば、4-(2-オキソ-3-ボルニリデンメチル)ベンゼンスルホン酸および2-メチル-5-(2-オキソ-3-ボルニリデン)スルホン酸ならびにこれらの塩など。
・ ベンゾイルメタンの誘導体、例えば1-(4'-tert-ブチルフェニル)-3-(4'-メトキシフェニル)プロパン-1,3-ジオン、4-tert-ブチル-4'-メトキシジベンゾイルメタンまたは1-フェニル-3-(4'-イソプロピルフェニル)プロパン-1,3-ジオン;
・ ベンゾフェノン類のアミノヒドロキシ置換誘導体、例えばN,N-ジエチルアミノヒドロキシベンゾイル-n-ヘキシルベンゾエート。
温室中で、バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を使用して、疑似土壌ドレンチ法によりトマト種子を処理した。具体的には、滅菌培地を含む蒸気滅菌したトレイにトマト種子を植え、標準技術を用いて温室中で生育させた。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を1x109CFU(コロニー形成単位)/g含む液体製剤のSerenade(登録商標)ASOを、1エーカー当たり4oz、8oz、および16ozの量で、栽植時に一度に培地に施用した。噴霧施用は発芽を引き起こすのに十分な水を生じさせないため、Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品は噴霧施用として施用し、真のドレンチ法としては施用しなかった。Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品で処理しなかった他の種子は陰性対照として使用した。
温室中で、バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を使用して、疑似土壌ドレンチ法によりコショウ種子を処理した。具体的には、滅菌培地を含む蒸気滅菌したトレイにコショウ種子を植え、標準技術を用いて温室中で生育させた。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を1x109CFU/g含む液体製剤であるSerenade(登録商標)ASOを、1エーカー当たり4oz、8oz、および16ozの量で、栽植時に一度に培地に施用した。噴霧施用は発芽を引き起こすのに十分な水を生じさせないため、Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品は噴霧施用として施用し、真のドレンチ法としては施用しなかった。Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品で処理しなかった他の種子は陰性対照として使用した。
温室中で、バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を使用して、疑似土壌ドレンチ法によりブロッコリー種子を処理した。具体的には、滅菌バーミキュライトを含む蒸気滅菌したトレイにブロッコリー種子を植え、標準技術を用いて温室中で生育させた。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を1x109CFU/g含む液体製剤であるSerenade(登録商標)ASOを、1エーカー当たり4oz、8oz、および16ozの量で、栽植時に一度に培地に施用した。噴霧施用は発芽を引き起こすのに十分な水を生じさせないため、Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品は噴霧施用として施用し、真のドレンチ法としては施用しなかった。Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品で処理しなかった他の種子は陰性対照として使用した。
コムギ種子を、Serenade(登録商標)ASO製品のスラリーを種子100lb当たり4oz、8oz、12ozまたは16ozの量で種子に施用することにより、バチルス・サブティリスQST 713で処理した。このスラリーは、Serenade(登録商標)ASOを水と混合することによって調製した。種子を、一晩から2週間にわたる様々な期間、スラリー中に保持した。1エーカー当たり80〜100lbの量で圃場に種子を蒔いた。種子は、病気の圧力が本質的に存在しない圃場に適用された。その結果、栽培者は、概して病気抑制のための種子処理を行おうとしなかった。
コムギ種子の栽植時に、1x109CFU/gのバチルス・サブティリスQST 713を含むSerenade(登録商標)ASO製品を、以下のスターター肥料:10-34-0(窒素10%、リン酸34%およびカリウム0%)および/またはPower Up(窒素6%、リン酸18%およびカリウム6%)と一緒に、以下に示される1エーカー当たり施用量で畝間施用した。この試験については、病気の圧力は本質的に存在せず、罹患率は報告されなかった。これは、病気抑制の観点からの費用が正当化されないだろうと考えられるために、栽培者が概してSerenade(登録商標)ASO製品を施用したがらない状況であった。
市販製剤を利用し、表6に記載の濃度/用量に従って希釈して、活性化合物を使用した。報告された温室試験には市販のレタス幼苗(「Eichblatt」)を使用した。1処理につき、4つの複製(各々1個の植物が植えられた鉢)を使用した。温室中で、約20℃にて市販の基層(Floradur A)中で植物を生育させた。25mlの量の製品液剤または水(対照)を用いたドレンチ施用を、連続16日間行った。最終日には、植物の地上部分全てを使用して生重量を測定した。
ダイズを、2008年12月にCampinas, San Antonio de Posse, Sao Paulo, BrazilのBASF試験場に植えた。品種「Emprapa 48」を、1ヘクタール当たり300,000個の植物の播種量で植えた。条間は45cmとした。6つの複製を有する乱塊法計画として2つの試験を設定した。プロットサイズは20m2であった。
E = a/b-1・100
(式中、
Eは効力であり、
aは処理した植物の緑葉面積(%)に相当し、また
bは未処理の(対照)植物の緑葉面積(%)に相当する)
効力(E)0は、処理した植物の緑葉面積が未処理の対照植物の緑葉面積に対応することを意味し;効力100は、処理した植物が緑葉面積の100%の増加を示したことを意味する。
ダイズを、2009年に米国中西部のダイズ栽培地域各地(インディアナ(IN)州、イリノイ(IL)州、アイオワ(IA)州、ミズーリ(MO)州、ネブラスカ(NE)州、およびサウスダコタ(SD)州)の9ヶ所の試験場に植えた。栽培日は、5月7日のネブラスカ州ヨーク(York, NE)から6月22日のミズーリ州クラレンス(Clarence, MO)にわたった。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を、生育段階23/29(BBCH)のダイズ植物の栄養部分に施用した。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713は、市販製剤Serenade Max(登録商標)(14.3%、7.3x109cfu/gの粉末水和剤(WP))を使用して施用した。Serenade Max(登録商標)は表8に記載の用量で使用した。葉面施用の全噴霧量は、140 l/ha〜200 l/haの範囲であった。Serenade Max(登録商標)は、1ヘクタール当たり3kg製品で施用された。成熟時に作物を収穫し、穀粒収穫量をt/haとして測定した(表8)。最終処理の36〜66日後に、7ヶ所の試験場で、1プロットにつき10個の無作為に選択した植物の緑葉面積を測定することによって緑葉面積を評価した(表8)。効力は上に示したとおりに計算した。
冬コムギを、2008/2009年の生育期にドイツ各地(チューリンギア(Thuringia)、バーデンヴュルテンベルグ(Baden-Wuerttemberg)、およびラインランドパラティネート(Rhineland-Palatinate))の4ヶ所の試験場で生育させた。作物の播種は9月21日から10月26日にわたった。試験は、6つの複製を有する乱塊法計画として設定した。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を、冬コムギ植物に苗条初期(生育段階31/32、BBCH)に施用した。殺菌剤噴霧順序は、苗条初期のエポキシコナゾールの施用と、その後の止め葉段階(生育段階37/39)のピラクロストロビンと組み合わせたエポキシコナゾールの施用で構成された。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713は、市販製剤Serenade Max(登録商標)(14.3%、7.3x109cfu/gの粉末水和剤(WP))を使用して施用した。エポキシコナゾールは、市販製剤Opus(登録商標)(125g/l、フロアブル剤(懸濁液)(SC))として苗条初期に単独施用した。エポキシコナゾールとピラクロストロビンとの組み合わせを、62.5g/lのエポキシコナゾールと85g/lのピラクロストロビンを含有する直ぐに使用可能な発育Opera(登録商標)製剤(サスポエマルション製剤(SE))として施用した。製品量を表9に示す。葉面施用の全噴霧量は300l/haであった。成熟時に作物を収穫し、穀粒収穫量をt/haとして測定した(表9)。
トウモロコシを、2009年に米国イリノイ州カーライル(Carlyle, IL, USA)で植えた。品種「Burrus 616XLR」を、従来の播種量および76cmの条間で植えた。試験は、6つの複製を有する乱塊法計画として設定した。プロットサイズは18m2であった。ピラクロストロビンを、生育段階34/37(BBCH)において施用した。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713(Serenade Max(登録商標))を、生育段階34/37(BBCH)のトウモロコシ植物に施用し、その後生育段階55/57(BBCH)で2回目の施用を行った。生育段階34/37(BBCH)に、ピラクロストロビンと組み合わせたバチルス・サブティリスQST 713(Serenade Max(登録商標))をタンク混合として施用した。有効成分は、市販製剤Serenade Max(登録商標)(14.3%、7.3x109cfu/gの粉末水和剤(WP))とHeadline(登録商標)(250g/L、乳剤(EC))を使用して施用した。製剤は、表10に示す用量で使用した。葉面施用の全噴霧量は200l/haであった。Serenade Max(登録商標)は1ヘクタール当たり2.1kg製品で施用し、Headline(登録商標)は0.44 l/haの製品量で施用した。成熟時に作物を収穫し、穀粒収穫量をt/haとして測定した(表10)。
(式中、
Eは、活性化合物AおよびBの混合物を濃度aおよび濃度bで使用した場合の、未処理の対照に対する収穫量の数値的差異(t/ha)として表した予想効力であり、
xは有効成分Aを濃度aで使用した場合の、未処理の対照に対する収穫量の数値的差異(t/ha)として表した効力であり、
yは有効成分Bを濃度bで使用した場合の、未処理の対照に対する収穫量の数値的差異(t/ha)として表した効力である)。
冬コムギを、2008/2009年の生育期に、フランスのカーニコート(Cagnicourt)で生育させた。品種「Premio」を11月1日に125kg/haの播種量で播種した。試験は、6つの複製を有する乱塊法計画として、プロットサイズ22.5m2で設定した。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713を、苗条初期(生育段階31/32、BBCH)の冬コムギ植物に施用した。殺菌剤噴霧順序は、苗条初期のエポキシコナゾールの施用と、その後の止め葉段階(生育段階37/39)におけるピラクロストロビンと組み合わせたエポキシコナゾールの施用とで構成された。バチルス・サブティリスQST 713は、市販製剤Serenade Max(登録商標)(14.3%、7.3x109cfu/gの粉末水和剤(WP))を使用して施用した。エポキシコナゾールは、苗条初期に市販製剤Opus(登録商標)(125g/l、フロアブル剤(懸濁液)(SC))として単独で施用した。エポキシコナゾールとピラクロストロビンとの組み合わせは、62.5g/lのエポキシコナゾールと85g/lのピラクロストロビンとを含む直ぐに使用可能な発育Opera(登録商標)製剤(サスポエマルション製剤(SE))として施用した。製品量を表11に示す。葉面施用の全噴霧量は300 l/haであった。出穂の終期と開花の初期にそれぞれ、1m2当たりの穂数を数えた(表11)。上述のとおり、活性化合物の組み合わせによって予想される1m2当たりの穂数の増加を、Colbyの式(Colby, S.R., Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations, Weeds, 15, pp. 20-22, 1967)を用いて推定し、観察された増加と比較した。
市販製剤を利用し、各データ表に記載される濃度/用量に従って希釈して活性化合物を使用した。
Claims (13)
- 病原体圧の本質的に非存在下で農作物の活力および/または作物収穫量を相乗的に増加させる方法であって、植物、植物栄養繁殖体、植物の種子および/または植物が生育しているかもしくは生育しようとしている場所を、以下:
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス(Bacillus subtilis)株もしくはその無細胞抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、ピラクロストロビン、プロパモカルブ塩酸塩、およびホセチルアルミニウムから選択される少なくとも1種の化合物とを含む有効量の組成物で処理する、前記方法。 - バチルス・サブティリス株の市販製剤を使用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 成分(II)がホセチルアルミニウムである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 成分(II)がプロパモカルブ塩酸塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 成分(II)がピラクロストロビンである、請求項1に記載の方法
- a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、請求項1に定義される1種の化合物
とを、100:1〜1:100の重量比で施用する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 以下:
a) 成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物と、
b) 成分(II)として、請求項1に定義される1種の化合物
とを、同時に、すなわち一緒にもしくは別々に、または連続的に施用する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 種子を処理する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 施用を畝間処理および/または葉面処理として行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 反復施用を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 成分(II)は収穫前間隔前に施用され、成分(I)は、収穫前間隔中に施用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 農作物が、それぞれ天然のまたは遺伝子改変形態の、ダイズ、コーン、コムギ、ライコムギ、オオムギ、オートムギ、ライムギ、セイヨウアブラナ、アワ、イネ、ヒマワリ、ワタ、テンサイ、仁果、核果、柑橘類、バナナ、イチゴ、ブルーベリー、アーモンド、ブドウ、マンゴー、パパイヤ、ラッカセイ、ジャガイモ、トマト、コショウ、ウリ科植物、キュウリ、メロン、スイカ、ニンニク、タマネギ、ブロッコリー、ニンジン、キャベツ、マメ、乾燥豆、キャノーラ、エンドウマメ、レンズマメ、アルファルファ、シャジクソウ、クローバー、亜麻、エレファントグラス、牧草、レタス、サトウキビ、茶、タバコおよびコーヒーから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 病原体圧の本質的に非存在下で農作物の活力および/または作物収穫量を相乗的に増加させるための、成分(I)として、NRRL受託番号B-21661を有するバチルス・サブティリス株もしくはその無細胞抽出物と、成分(II)として、請求項1に定義される少なくとも1種の化合物との使用。
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