JP5936679B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5936679B2 JP5936679B2 JP2014506264A JP2014506264A JP5936679B2 JP 5936679 B2 JP5936679 B2 JP 5936679B2 JP 2014506264 A JP2014506264 A JP 2014506264A JP 2014506264 A JP2014506264 A JP 2014506264A JP 5936679 B2 JP5936679 B2 JP 5936679B2
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Description
また、封止後に電極を曲げる等の加工を施した場合、電極と封止樹脂との間に隙間の発生等が起こり、絶縁破壊や吸湿によるパワーモジュールの品質劣化が懸念される。
また、桶状の金属板は、内包する封止樹脂よりも高さの大きな側壁を有すると記載されているが、側壁の頂点の金属が露出していることにより電極との絶縁距離が小さくなる。よって、絶縁性に優れた電極保持用のハウジングが必要であったり、パッケージが大きくなるという問題がある。さらに側壁と封止樹脂との熱膨張係数差による剥離が生じやすく、絶縁性が経年劣化するという問題もある。
このように特許文献3のパワーモジュールにおいても品質劣化が問題となる。
即ち、本発明の一態様における半導体装置は、凹状の収納部を有するトレイと、上記収納部に収容され、半導体素子及び配線用部材を有する回路部と、上記収納部に注入され、収容されている上記回路部及び上記トレイの側壁頂上部をポッティング封止する封止樹脂と、を備え、上記配線用部材の一部は、上記封止樹脂の上面に外部電極として露出し、上記封止樹脂は、上記トレイを冷却器に接合するはんだの融点を超える耐熱温度を有する、
ことを特徴とする。
図1から図4を参照して、本発明の実施の形態1における半導体装置101について説明する。ここでは半導体装置101として、高電圧(約200V〜約1200V)及び大電流(約100A〜約800A)を扱うパワーモジュール(電力半導体装置)を例に採るが、これに限定されず、半導体装置101は、高電圧及び大電流以外の通常の電圧及び電流を扱う半導体装置であってもよい。
トレイ10は、本実施形態では一例として1mm厚のアルミニウム板をプレス加工して凹状のトレイ形状に作製され、底面11と、高さの低い低側壁12と、高さの高い高側壁13とを有する。これらの底面11、低側壁12、及び高側壁13にて、回路部60を収容する凹状の収納部15が形成される。
また、収納部15を形成する低側壁12は、第1方向91に直角な第2方向92に沿って高側壁13間にて互いに対向して配置され、高側壁13に比べて高さを低く形成した側壁である。
ここでポッティング封止樹脂72は、例えば、図3に示すようにトレイ10の高側壁13における頂上部に相当するフランジ部13aと高さでほぼ一致するように収納部15に注入してもよいし、図4に示すように、フランジ部13aを覆いフランジ部13aの高さを超えて収納部15に注入してもよい。図4に示すように、フランジ部13aを覆いポッティング封止樹脂72を配置した場合、フランジ部13aと外部電極41等との間の絶縁性をより確保することができる。
よって半導体装置101によれば、封止の際に電極が押圧される形態ではないことから、電極が接合されている半導体素子や基板が損傷する可能性はなく、また、封止後に電極の加工を施す必要もないことから、絶縁破壊や吸湿による半導体装置の品質劣化の可能性もない。
また、バスバー40や外部電極41等にCuを用いたが、Ni−Fe合金やAlを用いても良く、この場合もCuと同様の効果を得ることができる。
また、外部電極41〜43及び信号電極45について、Cu板材に代えて、スプリング端子やプレスフィット端子を用いても良く、この構成でもCu板材の場合と同様の効果を得ることができる。
このようにトレイ10と冷却器とをはんだ付けする場合には、封止樹脂70は、はんだ付け部分におけるはんだの融点よりも高い耐熱温度を有している。
上述の実施の形態1では、バスバー40や信号電極45等は、それぞれ個別の部材を用いているが、本実施の形態2の半導体装置102では、これらは、図7に示すように、リードフレーム80を形成する枠81やタイバー82によって、リードフレーム80と一体的に形成している。その他の構成について、上述の半導体装置101の構成に変更はない。
このようなリードフレーム80を用いた場合、トレイ10にリードフレーム80が取り付けられた状態において、トレイ10の収納部15に設けられたヒートシンク20にはんだ接合されたダイオード30及びIGBT31の能動面と、リードフレーム80のバスバー40等の所定箇所とをはんだ接合する。
折り曲げ後、上述したように収納部15に対して封止樹脂70にて回路部60及びリードフレーム80のバスバー40等の部分を共にポッティング封止する。
そして、封止後、外部電極41〜43や信号電極45からタイバー82を切り離すことで、外部電極41〜43や信号電極45について個別の電極形成が可能となる。
上述の各実施形態では、一つのトレイ10に対して一つの収納部15を形成した形態を開示した。図9に示すように、この実施の形態3の半導体装置103では、一つのトレイ10−2は、第1方向91に沿って複数の回路部60を、つまり複数の収納部15を並列して収納可能なように構成されている。つまり、多数個取りのトレイ10−2の高側壁13は、第1方向91に沿って回路部60を複数個、並列して収納可能な長さを有し、かつトレイ10−2の低側壁12は、トレイ10−2の底面11において、互いに対向して第1方向91における複数箇所に配置される。本実施形態3において、低側壁12は、底面11を凸状にプレス加工して作製されている。
尚、図9では、トレイ10−2は、4つの回路部60を収容可能に、つまり4つの収納部15を図示するが、収容可能数は、4つに限定するものではなく、複数個とすることができる。
図10Aから図10D、図11A及び図11Bには、本発明の実施の形態4における半導体装置104の概略図を示している。この実施の形態4における半導体装置104では、トレイ10の側壁の頂上部10aを封止樹脂で覆い、金属製のトレイ10に対する外部電極41〜43の絶縁距離を確保するよう構成している。
図10Aに示すように、金属製のトレイ10の収納部15には、セラミック基板201の導体層202に、はんだ51によってダイオード30及びIGBT31を接合したセラミック基板201が、はんだ付け部56によって接合されている。バスバー40は、その一端がダイオード30及びIGBT31とはんだ52によって接合され、その他端が外部電極41、43として外部へ延伸している。また、信号電極45には、IGBTのゲート電極32などからワイヤボンド50が接合されている。
さらにこのような金属製のトレイ10は、冷却器90に対してはんだ付け部57によって接合される。はんだ付け部57は、トレイ10の低側壁12及び高側壁13に対して十分な高さのフィレット(ぬれ上がり)部57aを形成しており、トレイ10の底面11におけるはんだ付け部57のはんだ厚の200%以上の高さまでぬれ上がっていることが望ましい。
また、このような作製工程順から、ポッティング封止樹脂72は、はんだ付け部57のはんだの融点よりも高い耐熱温度を有している。
次に、図12Aから図12Cを参照して、本発明の実施の形態5における半導体装置105について説明する。実施の形態1等では、金属製のトレイ10と外部電極41〜43との間の絶縁距離を確保するためトレイ10の低側壁12側に外部電極41〜43を配置している。これに対し本実施の形態5の半導体装置105では、新たなトレイ215を用いて、その側壁を折り曲げることで絶縁距離を確保する。以下に詳しく説明する。
このように構成することで、外部電極41〜43と側壁216との絶縁距離を確保することができる。勿論、実施の形態5における半導体装置105においても上述の各実施形態と同様に、半導体装置内の構成部分の損傷及び半導体装置の品質劣化がないという効果を得ることができる。
また、側壁216以外の側壁の側壁頂上部に、実施の形態4で説明したようなダム材を塗布してもよい。これによりポッティング封止樹脂72を側壁頂上部を覆ってより高く注入することができる。
また、ここではシリコーンゲル及びポッティング封止樹脂72を用いたが、浸透性の高いポッティング封止剤を用いればシリコーンゲルを省略しても同様の効果が得られる。
また、Cu板材を外部電極41及び信号電極45として用いたが、例えばスプリング端子及びプレスフィット端子を用いても同様の効果が得られる。
次に、図13A及び図13Bを参照して、本発明の実施の形態6における半導体装置106について説明する。本実施の形態6の半導体装置106でも、新たなトレイ220、222を用いる。
即ち、図13Aに示すように、金属製のトレイ220は、周縁部の上部の一又は複数箇所に、トレイ220の内側へ突設した固定部221を有する。尚、その他の構成は、例えば実施の形態1における半導体装置101と同じである。
次に、図14A及び図14Bを参照して、本発明の実施の形態7における半導体装置107について説明する。本実施の形態7の半導体装置107でも、新たなトレイ225を用いる。尚、トレイ225の収納部15に装填される回路部60は、上述の各実施形態におけるものに同じであり、ここでの説明を省略する。
本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。
又、2012年3月22日に出願された、日本国特許出願No.特願2012−65161号の明細書、図面、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の開示内容の全ては、参考として本明細書中に編入されるものである。
13 高側壁、15 収納部、17 突起、18 切断部、
30 ダイオード、31 IGBT、40 バスバー、41、43 外部電極、
55 絶縁シート、60 回路部、70 封止樹脂、72 ポッティング封止樹脂、
80 リードフレーム、91 第1方向、92 第2方向、
101〜107 半導体装置、
210 ベース板、211 爪部材、212 金属基板、216 側壁、
221,222a 固定部、226 突起、227 冷却器、227a 凹凸部、
228 ジャケット、228a 冷媒用通路、228b 底面、231 電極支持部材。
Claims (5)
- 凹状の収納部を有するトレイと、
上記収納部に収容され、半導体素子及び配線用部材を有する回路部と、
上記収納部に注入され、収容されている上記回路部及び上記トレイの側壁頂上部をポッティング封止する封止樹脂と、を備え、
上記配線用部材の一部は、上記封止樹脂の上面に外部電極として露出し、
上記封止樹脂は、上記トレイを冷却器に接合するはんだの融点を超える耐熱温度を有し、
上記トレイは、上記外部電極の内、高電圧大電流を扱う電力用電極に近い側壁が、その他の側壁に比較して低く形成されている、
ことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 上記トレイは、上記収納部を形成する、高側壁と低側壁とを有し、
上記高側壁は、その延在方向である第1方向に沿って上記回路部を複数組、並列して収容する長さを有し、
上記低側壁は、互いに対向して上記第1方向における複数箇所に配置され、ポッティング封止された各回路部を個片化する切断部となる、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 上記トレイに取り付け可能なフレームであり、上記外部電極を含む上記配線用部材を一体的に形成したリードフレームをさらに備え、このリードフレームを上記トレイに取り付けた状態で封止樹脂が上記収納部に注入される、請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置。
- 上記トレイは、上記収納部の底面に筒状の突起をさらに有する、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 凹状の収納部を有するトレイと、
上記収納部に収容され、半導体素子及び配線用部材を有する回路部と、
上記収納部に注入され、収容されている上記回路部及び上記トレイの側壁頂上部をポッティング封止する封止樹脂と、を備え、
上記トレイの周辺側面には、トレイ底面における冷却器とのはんだの厚さの200%を越え上記トレイの高さを越えない範囲のフィレットを有し、
上記配線用部材の一部は、上記封止樹脂の上面に外部電極として露出し、
上記封止樹脂は、上記トレイを上記冷却器に接合する上記はんだの融点を超える耐熱温度を有し、
上記トレイは、収納部に上記封止樹脂を注入後に折り曲げ可能な側壁を有する、
ことを特徴とする半導体装置。
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