JP5919286B2 - NOx貯蔵成分 - Google Patents
NOx貯蔵成分 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5919286B2 JP5919286B2 JP2013534402A JP2013534402A JP5919286B2 JP 5919286 B2 JP5919286 B2 JP 5919286B2 JP 2013534402 A JP2013534402 A JP 2013534402A JP 2013534402 A JP2013534402 A JP 2013534402A JP 5919286 B2 JP5919286 B2 JP 5919286B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- nox storage
- nox
- storage catalyst
- catalyst according
- layer
- Prior art date
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 barium Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011959 amorphous silica alumina Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001959 inorganic nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
NO+1/2O2→NO2 (1);及び
BaO+NO2+1/2O2→Ba(NO3)2 (2)
であり、ここで、反応(1)では、一酸化窒素が白金上の活性酸化部位の酸素と反応してNO2を生じる。反応(2)は、無機硝酸塩の形態の貯蔵材料によるNO2の吸着を含む。
Ba(NO3)2→BaO+2NO+3/2O2 又は
Ba(NO3)2→BaO+2NO2+1/2O2 (3);及び
NO+CO→1/2N2+CO2 (4);
(他の反応は、Ba(NO3)2+8H2→BaO+2NH3+5H2Oと、続くNH3+NOx→N2+yH2O、又は2NH3+2O2+CO→N2+3H2O+CO2等を含む)。
ケイ酸セシウムの有益な利点は、それが水に不溶性であるので、エンジンの冷間始動に続いてセシウムが除去され揮発させられる可能性が少ないことである。
大表面積のγアルミナを水でスラリー化した後、適量のPt及びPd溶液を点火することによって第一層ウオッシュコートを調製した。仕上がりのウオッシュコートのPt及びPd含有量はそれぞれ0.41及び0.17%であった。ついで、Baを酢酸塩としてウオッシュコートに添加した。仕上がりの触媒中のBa充填量は600g/ft3であった。
該ウオッシュコートを、米国特許第7147892号に記載された方法を使用して4千分の1インチのセル壁厚を持つ400のセル密度の4.16×4.5インチ寸法のセラミック製ハニカム基材モノリスにコートした。ついで、コート膜を空気中で100℃で乾燥させ、ついで空気中で550℃でか焼した。
比較例1に記載したようにして第一層を調製し同じ基材モノリス上にコートした。
硝酸ロジウムの添加後でCeの添加前にウオッシュコートに硝酸セシウムを添加して、仕上がり触媒中に200g/ft3のCs充填量を付与したこと以外は、比較例1と同様にして第二層ウオッシュコートを調製した。
比較例1に記載したようにして第一層を調製し同じ基材モノリス上にコートした。
硝酸ロジウムの添加後でCeの添加前にウオッシュコートにケイ酸セシウム(Alfa Aesar)を添加して、仕上がり触媒中に200g/ft3のCs充填量を付与したこと以外は、比較例1と同様にして第二層ウオッシュコートを調製した。
比較例1に記載したようにして第一層を調製し同じ基材モノリス上にコートした。
第二層は、希土類金属ランタン及びネオジムをドープした大表面積のジルコニアと大表面積のγアルミナを水にスラリー化することによって調製した。ついで硝酸ロジウムをウオッシュコートに添加した。コロイド状シリカ(Ludox AS40(W.R. Grace & Co.))と硝酸セシウムをついでウオッシュコートに添加した。十分なCsを添加して仕上がり触媒中に200g/ft3のCs充填量を付与した。十分なLudoxを添加して仕上がり触媒中に 2:1のCs:Si原子比率を付与した。ついで硝酸セシウムを添加して400g/ft3のCe充填量を付与した。ついで上述の方法を使用してこのウオッシュコートを先に乾燥させか焼した層の上にコートし、得られた部品を乾燥させ、第一層についてと同じ条件を使用してか焼した。
比較例1及び2及び本発明の実施例3及び4の新しい触媒コート基材モノリス(「ブリック(煉瓦)」)を、周期的リーンスパイクでラムダ1で運転されるように制御されたベンチ設置4.5リットルV8ガソリンエンジンの排気システムでエージングさせた。NACはクローズカップルド3方向触媒の下流の自動車の床下位置に対応する位置に位置させた。エンジンは、830℃のインブリック温度を生じさせるのに十分な負荷を使用して運転した。ブリック当たりの完全なエージングサイクルは32時間であった。
Claims (15)
- 基材モノリス上に配された二以上の層を含むNOx吸蔵触媒であって、第一層がケイ酸セシウム(Cs2SiO3)と少なくとも一種の白金族金属を含むNOx貯蔵成分を含み、第二層が少なくとも一種のアルカリ土類金属を含む、NOx吸蔵触媒。
- 第一層が第二層の上に配されている、請求項1に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 白金、パラジウム又は白金とパラジウムの双方が第二層に配されている、請求項1又は2に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 第一層が、耐火金属酸化物担体に支持されたケイ酸セシウムと少なくとも一種の白金族金属を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 耐火金属酸化物担体が、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、セリア、マグネシア及びその二以上の混合物、混合酸化物又は複合酸化物からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 耐火金属酸化物担体が一又は複数のシリカ及び希土類でドープされている、請求項4又は5に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 白金族金属が、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム及びその二以上の混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 白金族金属がロジウムである、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 耐火酸化物担体がまた希土類酸化物を支持する、請求項4から8のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- 希土類酸化物がセリアである、請求項9に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- NOx貯蔵成分が更にマンガンを含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒。
- NOx貯蔵成分が、少なくとも一種の白金族金属の水性塩、水性セシウム塩及びシリカ源を組合せ、反応させる工程を含む方法により作製される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒を製造するための方法。
- 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸蔵触媒を含む、リーンバーン内燃機関用の排気システム。
- 請求項13に記載の排気システムを具備する自動車。
- リーンバーン内燃機関からのNOx含有排ガスを処理する方法において、基材モノリス上に配された二以上の層を含むNOx吸蔵触媒であって、第一層がケイ酸セシウム(Cs2SiO3)と少なくとも一種の白金族金属を含むNOx貯蔵成分を含み、第二層が少なくとも一種のアルカリ土類金属を含む、NOx吸蔵触媒を、NOxを含有するリーン排ガスと接触させて、それにNOxを吸着させる工程と;NOx貯蔵触媒をストイキ又はリッチ排ガスと接触させて吸着NOxを周期的に脱着させる工程を含む、方法。
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GB1017870.5 | 2010-10-22 | ||
GB1017870.5A GB2484911B (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2010-10-22 | NOx absorber catalyst comprising caesium silicate and at least one platinum group metal |
US41355010P | 2010-11-15 | 2010-11-15 | |
US61/413,550 | 2010-11-15 | ||
PCT/IB2011/002517 WO2012052835A1 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2011-10-20 | Nox storage component |
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- 2011-10-20 EP EP11785787.0A patent/EP2629881B1/en active Active
- 2011-10-20 BR BR112013009654A patent/BR112013009654A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-20 CN CN201180051082.7A patent/CN103269774B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-20 JP JP2013534402A patent/JP5919286B2/ja active Active
- 2011-10-20 US US13/880,235 patent/US8741242B2/en active Active
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JP2013544639A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
EP2629881A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
RU2601457C2 (ru) | 2016-11-10 |
CN103269774B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
KR20130141533A (ko) | 2013-12-26 |
US20130209337A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
GB2484911B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
EP2629881B1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
BR112013009654A2 (pt) | 2016-07-12 |
GB2484911A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
RU2013123137A (ru) | 2014-11-27 |
CN103269774A (zh) | 2013-08-28 |
WO2012052835A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
US8741242B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
GB201017870D0 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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