JP5860633B2 - ハニカム構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5860633B2 JP5860633B2 JP2011179822A JP2011179822A JP5860633B2 JP 5860633 B2 JP5860633 B2 JP 5860633B2 JP 2011179822 A JP2011179822 A JP 2011179822A JP 2011179822 A JP2011179822 A JP 2011179822A JP 5860633 B2 JP5860633 B2 JP 5860633B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- end surface
- honeycomb structure
- hole
- molded body
- sintering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyloxyaluminum;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.CC(=O)O[Al] HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dimagnesium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium lactate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MDDPTCUZZASZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)(C)[O-].CC(C)(C)[O-].CC(C)(C)[O-] MDDPTCUZZASZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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Description
図3に示す本発明の実施形態のハニカム構造体100は、図1(a)(b)及び図2(a)(b)に示すグリーン成形体70を本実施形態の手法により焼結することにより得られる。なお、グリーン成形体とは、焼結される前の生の成形体を意味する。本実施形態のハニカム構造体100は、自動車の排管内に押し込むことにより設置され、DPFとして用いられる。
アルミニウム源は、チタン酸アルミニウム焼結体を構成するアルミニウム成分となる化合物である。アルミニウム源としては、例えば、アルミナ(酸化アルミニウム)が挙げられる。アルミナの結晶型としては、γ型、δ型、θ型、α型などが挙げられ、不定形(アモルファス)であってもよい。なかでも、α型のアルミナが好ましく用いられる。
チタン源は、チタン酸アルミニウム焼結体を構成するチタン成分となる化合物であり、かかる化合物としては、例えば酸化チタンが挙げられる。酸化チタンとしては、例えば、酸化チタン(IV)、酸化チタン(III)、酸化チタン(II)などが挙げられ、なかでも酸化チタン(IV)が好ましく用いられる。酸化チタン(IV)の結晶型としては、アナターゼ型、ルチル型、ブルッカイト型などが挙げられ、不定形(アモルファス)であってもよい。より好ましくは、アナターゼ型、ルチル型の酸化チタン(IV)である。
原料混合物は、マグネシウム源を含有していてもよい。マグネシウム源を含むグリーン成形体100から製造されたハニカム構造体200は、チタン酸アルミニウムマグネシウム結晶の焼結体である。
原料混合物は、ケイ素源をさらに含有していてもよい。ケイ素源は、シリコン成分となってチタン酸アルミニウム焼結体に含まれる化合物である。ケイ素源の併用により、耐熱性がより向上されたチタン酸アルミニウム焼結体を得ることが可能となる。ケイ素源としては、例えば、二酸化ケイ素、一酸化ケイ素などの酸化ケイ素(シリカ)が挙げられる。
有機バインダとしては、水溶性の有機バインダが好ましい。水溶性の有機バインダとしては、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロースなどのセルロース類;ポリビニルアルコールなどのアルコール類;リグニンスルホン酸塩などの塩などが挙げられる。
溶媒としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノール、プロパノールなどのアルコール類、プロピレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、エチレングリコールなどのグリコール類、および水などの極性溶媒を用いることができる。なかでも、水が好ましく、不純物が少ない点で、より好ましくはイオン交換水が用いられる。溶媒の使用量は、無機化合物粉末の100重量部に対して、通常、10重量部〜100重量部、好ましくは20重量部〜80重量部である。なお、溶媒として非極性溶媒を用いてもよい。
原料混合物は、有機バインダ以外の有機添加物を含むことができる。その他の有機添加物とは、例えば、造孔剤、潤滑剤および可塑剤、分散剤である。
封口材70bは、チタン酸アルミニウム系セラミックスを含む。セラミックスとは、例えば、チタン酸アルミニウム系セラミックスの粉末又は粒子である。また、封口材70eは、グリーン成形体70と同様に、上記の造孔剤、有機バインダ及び溶媒等を含有する。これらの成分を所定の比率で混合することにより、ペースト状の封口材70eが得られる。なお、ハニカム構造体の製造過程で得られるセラミックスの屑やハニカム構造体の破損品等を粉砕して得たセラミックスの粉末を、封口材70e用のセラミックス粉末として再利用しても良い。これにより、ハニカム構造体の原料コストが削減される。封口材70eは、チタン酸アルミニウム系セラミックスの原料粉末(無機化合物粉末)を含んでもよく、含まなくてもよい。焼結に伴う封口材70eの収縮率を低減するためには、封口材70eがセラミックス粉末を含有し、セラミックスの原料粉末を含有しないことが好ましい。セラミックス粉末の平均粒径は、特に限定されないが、5〜50μm程度であればよい。
上記のグリーン成形体70を以下に示す本実施形態の手法により焼結することにより、グリーン成形体70及び封口部70eが含むセラミックス粉末やセラミックスの原料粉末が焼結する。
(原料混合物の調製工程及び成形工程)
グリーン成形体70を形成するために、無機化合物粉末、造孔剤、有機バインダ及び溶媒等を混練機等により混合して原料混合物を調製する。格子状の開口を有するダイを備える押出成形機を用いて、原料混合物を成形することにより、グリーン成形体70を形成する。なお、押出成形前の原料混合物を混練してもよい。
セラミックス粉末を含有させ、成分の配合比を調整すること以外は、グリーン成形体70用の原料混合物と同様の方法で、封口材70eを調製する。
封口工程では、グリーン成形体70において複数の貫通孔70cが開いている入口側端面70aに第一マスクを貼り付ける。第一マスクでは、貫通孔70cと略同様の寸法を有する複数のマスク部と開口部とが互い違いに配置されている。各貫通孔70cと各マスク部及び開口部とが重なるように、グリーン成形体70の入口側端面70aに第一マスクを貼り付ける。また、グリーン成形体70において入口側端面70aとは反対側の出口側端面70bに、第二マスクを貼り付ける。第二マスクが有する開口部とマスク部の配置関係は第一マスクとは真逆である。したがって、入口側端面70a側で第一マスクのマスク部に塞がれた貫通孔70cは、出口側端面70b側で第二マスクの開口部と重なる。出口側端面70b側で第二マスクのマスク部に塞がれた貫通孔70cは、出口側端面70b側で第一マスクの開口部と重なる。したがって、グリーン成形体70に形成された複数の貫通孔70cのいずれも、入口側端面70a又は出口側端面70bのいずれか一方において開き、他方においてマスク部で塞がれる。
以上の押出成形、乾燥、切断及び封口を施したグリーン成形体70を、図4に示すように、ガス炉内の棚板200の上に敷いた短いグリーン成形体であるトチ170の上にグリーン成形体70の出口側端面70bが棚板200側になるように置いて焼結する。図4の例では、図中のZ軸が鉛直方向の上向きであり、棚板200の法線はZ軸と平行方向に向いている。
図6(a)に示すように、従来のグリーン成形体70の焼結方法は、入口側端面70a及び出口側端面70bの内で貫通孔70cの端部が封口材70eにより塞がれている割合が小さい側である入口側端面70aを棚板200で支持しつつ、貫通孔70cの端部が封口材70eにより塞がれている割合が大きい側である出口側端面70bを上側して焼結が行なわれている。そのため、図6(b)に示すように、貫通孔70cの端部が封口材70eにより塞がれている割合が小さい側である入口側端面70aは焼結による収縮が小さく、一方、貫通孔70cの端部が封口材70eにより塞がれている割合が大きい側である出口側端面70bは焼結による収縮が大きく、寸法精度が低い傾向がある。下側はエレファントフットと呼ばれる形状となる。このことは、貫通孔70cが正六角形状であり、図1(b)及び図2(b)に示すように入口側端面70aと出口側端面70bとで各々封口の形態が異なるハニカム構造体では顕著である。
グリーン成形体70を形成するために、チタン酸アルミニウムマグネシウムの原料粉末(Al2O3,TiO2,MgO)、アルミノシリケートガラス粉末、チタン酸アルミニウムマグネシウムとアルミナとアルミノシリケートガラスとの複合相をもつセラミックス粉末(仕込み時の組成式:41.4Al2O3−49.9TiO2−5.4MgO−3.3SiO2、式中の数値はモル比を表す。)、有機バインダ、潤滑剤、造孔剤、可塑剤、分散剤及び水(溶媒)を含む原料混合物を調製した。原料混合物中の主な成分の含有量は下記の値に調整した。
Al2O3:37.3質量部。
TiO2:37.0質量部。
MgO:1.9質量部。
アルミノシリケートガラス粉末:3.0質量部
セラミックス粉末:8.8質量部。
造孔剤:馬鈴薯から得た平均粒径25μmの澱粉12.0質量部。
有機バインダ1:メチルセルロース(三星精密化学社製:MC−40H)5.5質量部。
有機バインダ2:ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(三星精密化学社製:PMB−40H)2.4質量部。
Claims (6)
- 互いに略平行な複数の貫通孔が形成され、複数の前記貫通孔を隔てる隔壁を有するハニカム状の柱状体と、前記貫通孔の一方の端部を塞ぐ封口部とを備え、複数の前記貫通孔のうち一部の前記貫通孔は、前記貫通孔に略直交する前記柱状体の第1端面及び第2端面のうち前記第1端面において前記封口部で塞がれ、前記第2端面において開き、他の前記貫通孔は、前記第2端面において前記封口部で塞がれ、前記第1端面において開いているグリーン成形体を焼結してハニカム構造体を製造するハニカム構造体の製造方法であって、
焼結炉内で前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が大きい側を下側にして前記グリーン成形体を載置することにより、前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が大きい側を支持しつつ前記グリーン成形体を焼結して前記ハニカム構造体を製造するハニカム構造体の製造方法。 - 互いに略平行な複数の貫通孔が形成され、複数の前記貫通孔を隔てる隔壁を有するハニカム状の柱状体と、前記貫通孔の一方の端部を塞ぐ封口部とを備え、複数の前記貫通孔のうち一部の前記貫通孔は、前記貫通孔に略直交する前記柱状体の第1端面及び第2端面のうち前記第1端面において前記封口部で塞がれ、前記第2端面において開き、他の前記貫通孔は、前記第2端面において前記封口部で塞がれ、前記第1端面において開いているグリーン成形体を焼結してハニカム構造体を製造するハニカム構造体の製造方法であって、
焼結炉内で前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が大きい側を支持具により支持しつつ前記グリーン成形体を焼結して前記ハニカム構造体を製造するハニカム構造体の製造方法。 - 前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が大きい側の温度を前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が小さい側の温度よりも低温としつつ前記グリーン成形体を焼結して前記ハニカム構造体を製造する、請求項1又は2に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
- 前記グリーン成形体は複数の前記貫通孔を隔てる前記隔壁が六角形状をなし、前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が大きい側は前記封口部同士が隣接しており、前記第1端面及び前記第2端面の内で前記貫通孔の端部が前記封口部により塞がれている割合が小さい側は前記封口部同士が隣接していない、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
- 前記隔壁及び前記封口部は多孔質のセラミックスから構成されている、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
- 前記隔壁及び前記封口部は、マグネシウム及びケイ素を含む多孔質のチタン酸アルミニウムから構成されている、請求項5に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
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