JP5775308B2 - 1d05pcsk9拮抗薬 - Google Patents
1d05pcsk9拮抗薬 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5775308B2 JP5775308B2 JP2010546034A JP2010546034A JP5775308B2 JP 5775308 B2 JP5775308 B2 JP 5775308B2 JP 2010546034 A JP2010546034 A JP 2010546034A JP 2010546034 A JP2010546034 A JP 2010546034A JP 5775308 B2 JP5775308 B2 JP 5775308B2
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- pcsk9
- seq
- specific
- specific antagonist
- antagonist
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Description
本出願は、米国仮出願第61/063,949号(2008年2月7日出願)および第61/066,577号(2008年2月21日出願)の利益を主張する。
プロタンパク質転換酵素サブチリシンケクシン9(本書ではこれ以降「PCSK9」と呼ぶ)は、神経アポトーシス調節コンベルターゼ1(「NARC−1」)としても知られており、分泌性サブチラーゼ系統群の9番目の構成要素として識別されるタンパク質分解酵素K様のサブチラーゼである(Seidah et al.,2003 PNAS 100:928−933を参照)。PCSK9のための遺伝子は、ヒト染色体1p33−p34.3に局在している(Seidah et al.、上記)。PCSK9は、例えば、肝実質細胞、腎臓間葉細胞、回腸、および大腸上皮、並びに胚性脳終脳ニューロン(embryonic brain telencephalon neurons)を含む、増殖および分化の能力のある細胞に発現される(Seidah et al.,上記)。
本発明は、PCSK9の拮抗薬、また特定の実施形態において、ヒトおよびマウス両方のPCSK9を抑制し、プロセスされたPCSK9の優先的ターゲティングを示す拮抗薬に関する。広くは、タンパク質特異的なPCSK9の拮抗薬(または、本書では「PCSK9特異的拮抗薬」という)は、PCSK9タンパク質結合分子またはPCSK9の選択的結合およびPCSK9機能の阻害に効果的な分子である。これらの分子は、限定されないものの、高コレステロール血症、冠動脈心疾患、代謝症候群、急性冠動脈症候群および関連する状態を含む、PCSK9機能と関連性があるか、またはその影響を受ける状態の治療において重要である。PCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、PCSK9の選択的な認識およびそれへの結合により特徴付けられる。PCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、PCSK9特異的結合要素に対する追加的な明確な特異性を与えるよう補助されたか設計されている特定の場合を除き、PCSK9以外のタンパク質との有意な結合は示さない。
本発明は、PCSK9の拮抗薬、また特定の実施形態において、ヒトおよびマウス両方のPCSK9を抑制し、プロセスされたPCSK9を優先的にターゲティングする拮抗薬に関する。本書によるタンパク質特異的なPCSK9の拮抗薬(または「PCSK9特異的拮抗薬」)は、PCSK9機能への選択的結合およびPCSK9機能の阻害に効果があり、よって、限定されないものの、高コレステロール血症、冠動脈心疾患、代謝症候群、急性冠動脈症候群および関連する状態を含むPCSK9機能に関連するか、またはPCSK9機能の影響を受けた状態の治療にとって重要である。用語「拮抗薬」の使用は、主題の分子がPCSK9の機能を拮抗しうる事実を意味する。用語「拮抗する」またはその派生語の使用は、PCSK9の1つ以上の機能に対抗、反作用、阻害、中和または抑制する作用を意味する。本書におけるPCSK9機能またはPCSK9活性への言及は、PCSK9により促進される、それを必要とする、またはそれにより悪化もしくは向上される何らかの機能または活性を意味する。本書で説明したPCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、ヒトおよび/またはマウスPCSK9依存的細胞LDL取り込みの阻害の影響を弱めることに効果があることが実証されている。
組み換え体Fabディスプレイファージの分離
Recombinant Morphosys HuCAL Gold Fabファージディスプレイライブラリ(例えば、Knappik et al.,2000 J.Mol.Biol.296:57−86を参照)を、固定化した組み換え体マウスPCSK9に対して、下記に簡単に説明するプロセスによってパニングした。ファージFabディスプレイライブラリは、まず3つのプール(第一のプールVH2 + VH4 + VH5、第二のプールVH1 + VH6、および第三のプールVH3)に分割した。ファージプールおよび固定化したPCSK9タンパク質を脱脂粉乳でブロックした。
細菌で発現させたFABのELISAスクリーニング
個別の形質転換体の培養液をIPTG誘発し、Fab発現のために一晩培養した。培養上清(Fab候補)を、96ウェルNunc Maxisorpプレートのウェルに固定化した精製したV5−、His−タグ付きPCSK9タンパク質とともに培養し、プレートウォッシャーを用いてPBS中0.1%のTween(商標)20で洗浄し、HRP結合した抗Fab抗体とともに培養し、再びPBS/Tween(商標)20で洗浄した。結合したHRPを、TMP基質を加えて検出し、ウェルのA450値をプレートリーダーを用いて読み取った。
各プレート上の非特異的Fab結合についての対照を、並行して発現させた無関係のFabである抗EsBのプレパラートとともに培養した。
培地のみ。
EsB抗原をプレートの3つのウェルに結合させ、その後、抗EsB Fabとともに培養した。
組み換え体PCSK9抗原のV5タグまたはHisタグとのFabsの反応を対照(control)するために、同じ細胞で発現したV5−、His−タグ付きの分泌したアルカリフォスファターゼタンパク質(SEAP)を、オリジナルのPCSK9抗原として用いて、並列ELISAを実施し、同様に精製した。推定上のPCSK9−反応性Fabを、PCSK9抗原で培養したとき、>3Xのバックグラウンド値を生じるが、SEAPと培養したときにはネガティブとして同定した。最初のラウンドのスクリーニングでPCSK9−反応性として採点されたクローンを、単一のプレート上にまとめ、3通りに再培養し、IPTGで再誘発し、PCSK9およびSEAPに対して並行のELISAで再試験(re−assayed)した。正および負の対照を上述のとおり含めた。3つの複製のうち少なくとも2つで陽性となったクローンは、その後の性質決定に進めた。既知または疑いのある混合した予備的なクローンの場合には、培養液を再精製し、クロラムフェニコールを用いて2xYT プレート上の単一のコロニーについて画線培養し、3つ以上の異なるコロニーからの液体培養を、再びELISAで上記のとおり3通りに検査した。
PCSK9 ELISA陽性のFABクローンのDNA配列決定
1.2 ml 2xYT液体培養液にFab陽性グリセロールのマスターストックからのクロラムフェニコールを接種することで、DNA精製用の細菌培養液を作成し、一晩培養した。DNAを一晩培養したものから遠心分離した細胞ペレットから、BioRobot 9600上でQiagen Turbo Miniプレップを使用して準備した。ABI Dye Terminatorサイクル配列決定を、Morphosysで確定した配列決定プライマーを用いてDNAについて実施し、およびABI 3100 Genetic Analyzerを実行して、FabクローンのDNA配列を得た。DNA配列を互いに比較し、一意のクローン配列を決定し、またFabクローンの軽鎖および重鎖サブタイプを決定した。
一意のPCSK9 ELISA陽性クローンからのFABの発現および精製
ELISA陽性クローンm2CX1D05からのFabおよびEsB(負の対照)Fabを大腸菌TG1F−細胞内でIPTG誘発により発現させた。培養を溶解させ、His−タグ付きのFabを固定化した金属イオンアフィニティークロマトグラフィー(IMAC)により精製し、遠心ダイアフィルトレーションにより、タンパク質を25mM HEPES pH 7.3/150 mM NaClに交換した。タンパク質をCaliper Lab−Chip 90で電気泳動法により、また従来的なSDS−PAGEにより分析し、Bradfordタンパク質試験法により数量化した。精製したFabタンパク質を段階希釈でELISAにより再び試験し、精製したFabの活性を確認した。正および負の対照を、前述のとおり実行した。次に、精製したFabプレパラートを下記に記載したとおり分析した。
m2CX1D05 FABの完全長IgGへの変換
m2CX1D05軽鎖可変部をコードするDNA配列を、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応により、プラスミドテンプレートpMORPHx9_MH/mPCSK9_2_CX1_D05から、プライマーACAGATGCCAGATGCGATATCCAGATGACCCAGA(配列番号:33)およびTGCAGCCACCGTACGTTTAATTTCAACTTTCGTACC(配列番号:34)を用いて増幅した。この増幅の生成物を、InFusionクローニングシステム(Clontech)を用いて、事前にFspIおよびBmtIで消化しておいたプラスミドpV1JNSA−GS−FB−LCKにクローン化した。その結果生じるプラスミドを可変部全体にわたりDNA配列決定により検証した。エンドトキシンを含まないプラスミドのプレパラートを、Qiagen Endo−Freeプラスミド・マキシプレップ・キットを用いて作成した。
表面プラズモン共鳴(「SPR」)を用いたFAB:PCSK9相互作用の動態学的評価
Biacore(商標)(Pharmacia Biosensor AB、スウェーデン、ウプサラ)2000システムを使用してSPR測定を実施した。固定化用のセンサーチップCM5およびアミン・カプリング・キットはBiacore(商標)製である。
表面プラズモン共鳴(「SPR」)を用いたIgG:PCSK9相互作用の動態学的評価
Biacore(商標)(Pharmacia Biosensor AB、スウェーデン、ウプサラ)2000システムを使用してSPR測定を実施した。固定化用のセンサーチップCM5およびアミン・カプリング・キットはBiacore(商標)製である。
1D05についてのPCSK9−LDLR TR−FRET試験法
この試験法は、Fisher et al.,2007 J.Biol.Chem. 282:20502−20512に記載のあるものの変形である。AlexaFluor647−標識化したPCSK9(最終濃度10nM)を可変量の1D05と組み合わせ、これに、96ウェルのブラックDynatech Uボトムプレートを用いて、Eu(8044)−標識化したLDLR外部ドメインを最終濃度〜1.5nM(Rubystar上でFl620nMで〜20,000カウントを得るために十分な量)になるまで加えた(10mM HEPES(pH7.4)、150mM NaCl、0.1mM CaCl2、0.05%(w/v)BSA中、合計体積50μL)。少なくとも90分の平衡状態の後、ウェル当たり20回のフラッシュ、50 usecの取り込み遅延、および200 usec合計取り込み時間を使用して、試料をRubystarリーダー(BMG Corp.)で読み取った。データを(Fl665/Fl620 × 10000)の比として表し、1D05についてのIC50を標準的な4個のパラメーターフィットを使用して、シグモイド用量−反応曲線の反曲点から決定した。
EXOPOLAR試験法:細胞LDL取り込みに対する外来性PCSK9の効果
1日目に、96ウェルpolyD−リジン被覆プレートに30,000 HEK細胞/ウェルを平板固定した。2日目に、培養液を血清を含まないDMEM培養液と交換した。3日目に、培養液を除去し、細胞をOptiMEMで洗浄した。精製したPCSK9をLPDSおよびdI−LDLを含む100μlのDMEM培養液に加えた。プレートを37℃で6.5時間培養した。細胞を、2mg/mL BSAを含むTBS中で素早く洗浄してから、TBS−BSAで2分間洗浄し、その後、TBSで2回(ただし素早く)洗浄した。細胞を100μl RIPA緩衝液中で溶解させた。次に、Ex 520、Em 580nmを使用して、プレートにおいて蛍光性を測定した。各ウェルにおける合計細胞タンパク質をBCAタンパク質試験法を使用して測定した後、蛍光単位を総タンパクに正規化した。
PCSK9細胞取り込み
以下の試験法を、Fisher et al.,2007 J.Biol.Chem.282:20502−12の方法により実施した。
インビボ試験法
ヒト1D05のFab断片と完全なIgGの両方をマウスにおいてインビボで試験し、LDLコレステロールのレベルの変化をモニターした。これらの研究で使用したマウスは、ヒトCETP(これはマウスでは欠損)の導入遺伝子(Tg)発現、並びにLDL受容体(tm1)の分裂についてヘミ接合性である(B6 x B6−Tg(CETP)Ldlrtm1)F1マウスである。これらのマウスは、そのヒトに似た脂質プロフィールおよびLDLが豊富な性質から、特に有用である。
限定的タンパク質分解
限定的タンパク質分解質量分析法の戦略は、wt−hPCSK9および1D05/wt−hPCSK9複合体(基質)を異なる特異性のエンドプロテアーゼ酵素とともに、注意深く管理された条件(すなわち、低酵素濃度および短い消化時間)で培養することからなる。これらの条件下で、エンドプロテアーゼは、タンパク質基質の主要な切断部位(すなわち、タンパク質基質の表面にあり、溶媒に暴露される部位)のみを切断する。1D05 Fabのwt−hPCSK9への結合は、両方のタンパク質において通常は溶媒に暴露される一部の表面残基をマスクする。従って、wt−hPCSK9で切断され、1D05/wt−hPCSK9複合体では切断されていない主要部位は、複合体において1D05により保護されているPCSK9の残基に対応する。これらの残基の一部は、1D05結合に直接的に関与している可能性が高い。wt−hPCSK9および1D05/wt−hPCSK9限定的タンパク質分解により生成されたタンパク質分解性ペプチドは、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化質量分析(MALDI−MS)による消化物の分析により同定され、および特性付けされる。最後に、異なる特異性のエンドプロテアーゼの使用は、結合に関与する残基をより正確に定義する手助けとなる。
PCSK9/1D05 TR−FRET試験法
抗−V5抗体(QED Biosciences)を、4当量のAlexaFluor 647(Invitrogen)を用いて、前述のとおり標識化して、精製した(Fisher et al.,2007 J.Biol.Chem.282(28):20502−20512を参照)。1D05 IgGを、5当量のEu(W8044)−DTA(Perkin−Elmer)を使用して同様の方法で標識化した。使用前に、材料に光が当たらないよう保護し、4℃で保存した。V5/His−PCSK9を前述のとおり生成した(Fisher et al.、(同書)を参照)。
1D05アカゲザルPK/PD研究
1D05の薬物動態、薬力学および標的結合を特徴付けるために、オスのアカゲザルにおいて3 mg/kg(7.0〜9.0kg、n=3)での単回用量IV研究を実施した。この研究で使用した全てのアカゲザルは、生物製剤で未処置であった。
1D05 アカゲザルPK/PD研究からの血漿/血清試料のリポタンパク質分析
リポタンパク質プロフィールを作成するために、血漿または血清をSuperose−6サイズ排除カラム(GE LifeSciences, Inc.)でのクロマトグラフィーにより分画した。カラム流出液中の総コレステロールレベルを、市販の酵素による比色分析コレステロール検出試薬(Total Cholesterol E、Wako USA)を用いてインライン混合により連続的に測定した後、下流で反応生成物の分光光度検出を600nmの吸光度で実施した。カラムから溶出したコレステロールの最初のピークは、VLDL、第二のピークはLDL、および第三のピークはHDLによるもので、各ピークの下の面積は、HPLCとともに提供されたソフトウェアを用いて計算した。リポタンパク質の各部についてのコレステロール濃度を計算するために、対応するピーク面積の合計面積に対する比に、試料において測定され総コレステロール濃度を掛けた。
製剤
配列番号:26を含む軽鎖および配列番号:25を含む重鎖を含むモノクローナル抗体を、適切な製剤に透析して、濃縮した。次に溶液を、安定性研究用の3 mLのガラス製バイアルに分配した。液体形態で実施された研究は、2〜8℃または25℃で直ちに安定状態に置いた。
変異体
1DO5の部位特異的突然変異体を作製して、配列番号:51〜60として本書で開示した。1D05 Fabの部位特異的突然変異体のKdは、Bio−Rad ProteOnを使用して決定し、親和性をヒトPCSK9−V5−Hisに対して測定した。Fab親和性の測定方法は、Biacore(登録商標)について以前に記載した方法と本質的に同じである。
Claims (16)
- 単離されたPCSK9特異的拮抗薬であって:
(a) 配列番号:13を含む重鎖可変CDR1配列;
(b) 配列番号:15を含む重鎖可変CDR2配列;
(c) 配列番号:17を含む重鎖可変CDR3配列;および
(d) 配列番号:3を含む軽鎖可変CDR1配列;
(f) 配列番号:5を含む軽鎖可変CDR2配列;
(g) 配列番号:7を含む軽鎖可変CDR3配列;を含み、
前記PCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、PCSK9の細胞LDL取り込み阻害を拮抗する、PCSK9特異的拮抗薬。 - CDR1、CDR2およびCDR3ドメインがそれぞれそのCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3領域内のヒト生殖系列可変領域内にある請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 1200 nM未満の平衡解離定数(KD)でヒトPCSK9に結合する、請求項1に記載のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 500 nM未満のKDでヒトPCSK9に結合する、請求項1に記載のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- PCSK9の細胞取り込みの阻害を少なくとも20%拮抗する、請求項1に記載のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 抗体分子である請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 配列番号:11を含む重鎖可変部:および/または配列番号:27を含む軽鎖可変部を含む請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 配列番号:24を含む定常配列を持つ重鎖を含む請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬。
- 単離されたPCSK9特異的拮抗薬であって:
(a) 配列番号:26を含む軽鎖;および
(b) 配列番号:25を含む重鎖;
を含み、
前記PCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、PCSK9の細胞LDL取り込み阻害を拮抗する抗体分子である、PCSK9特異的拮抗薬。 - 単離されたPCSK9特異的拮抗薬であって:
(1) 配列番号:51〜56のいずれか1つを含む重鎖可変部および配列番号:27を含む軽鎖可変部;または
(2) 配列番号:57〜60のいずれか1つを含む軽鎖可変部および配列番号:11を含む重鎖可変部;
を含み、
前記PCSK9特異的拮抗薬は、PCSK9の細胞LDL取り込み阻害を拮抗する抗体分子である、PCSK9特異的拮抗薬。 - 請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬および医薬品として容認される担体を含む薬剤組成物。
- (a) 50mg/mLから200mg/mLのPCSK9特異的拮抗薬、
(b) ポリヒドロキシ炭化水素および/または二糖(前記ポリヒドロキシ炭化水素および/または二糖の合計は、製剤の1%から6%w/vである。);
(c) 5mMから200mMのヒスチジン、イミダゾール、ホスフェートまたは酢酸;
(d) 5mMから200mMのアルギニン、プロリン、フェニルアラニン、アラニン、グリシン、リジン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸またはメチオニン;
(e) 5.5から7.5の範囲のpHを達成するために十分な量の0.01Mから0.1Mの塩酸(「HCl」);および
(f) 液体担体;
を含む請求項11に記載の組成物であって:
前記薬剤組成物は、5.5から7.5の範囲のpHを持ち;
そして、前記薬剤組成物は、製剤の0.01%から1%w/vの非イオン性界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい、組成物。 - PCSK9機能によって引き起こされ、および/もしくは増悪される障害、状態または病気を回復させるための医薬の製造における請求項1に記載のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬の使用。
- 請求項1のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬を含む、インビトロの単離された宿主細胞または宿主細胞の集団。
- 請求項10に記載のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬および医薬品として容認される担体を含む薬剤組成物。
- 請求項10のPCSK9特異的拮抗薬を含む、インビトロの単離された宿主細胞または宿主細胞の集団。
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US20140220027A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
EP2245071A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
CA2711794A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
PA8815301A1 (es) | 2009-09-17 |
WO2009100297A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
JP2011511637A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
US8188234B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
CN102066420A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
JP2015130859A (ja) | 2015-07-23 |
AR070316A1 (es) | 2010-03-31 |
US8697070B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
CN104017081A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
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