JP5770715B2 - 揮発性材料を送達するための方法 - Google Patents
揮発性材料を送達するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5770715B2 JP5770715B2 JP2012506195A JP2012506195A JP5770715B2 JP 5770715 B2 JP5770715 B2 JP 5770715B2 JP 2012506195 A JP2012506195 A JP 2012506195A JP 2012506195 A JP2012506195 A JP 2012506195A JP 5770715 B2 JP5770715 B2 JP 5770715B2
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- microporous membrane
- volatile material
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
- A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/13—Dispensing or storing means for active compounds
- A61L2209/131—Semi-permeable membranes
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
図2を参照して、送達エンジン100は、幅、長さ、及び深さを、x軸、y軸、及びz軸に沿ってそれぞれ有する。送達エンジン100が小型及び/又は携帯可能であるような幅、長さ、及び深さになされてもよい。「小型」又は「携帯可能」とは、送達エンジン100は、ポケット、財布等内で便利に、かつ快適に運ぶことができるということを意味する。送達エンジン100は、使い捨て、1回限りの使用品目として、又は揮発性材料で補充されるものとして作製され得る。
送達エンジン100は、揮発性材料を保持するためのリザーバ110を含み得る。リザーバ110は、x軸、y軸、及びz軸に沿ってそれぞれ幅、長さ、及び深さを有してもよい。リザーバ110は、長さに対するその幅の比率が、約2:1〜4:1、あるいは1.5:1〜2.5:1であるという点において、細長くてもよい。リザーバ110は、約45mm〜約55mm、あるいは約51mmの幅、約15mm〜約30mm、あるいは約23mmまでの長さ、約5mm〜約15mmまでの、あるいは約11mmの深さを有してもよい。リザーバ110の寸法は、それが、揮発性材料を含有する、約2mL〜約50mLの液体を保持するようなものであってもよい。あるいは、リザーバ110は、揮発性材料を含有する、約2mL〜約30mL、あるいは約2mL〜約10mL、あるいは約2mL〜約8mL、あるいは約4mL〜約6mL、あるいは約2mL、あるいは約6mLの液体を保持してもよい。
更に図2を参照して、送達エンジン100は、破裂可能な基材120を含む。破裂可能な基材120は、送達エンジン100の作動前又は破裂前に、リザーバ110内の揮発性材料が、微多孔膜140と接触するのを防ぐ、任意の方式で構成されてもよい。一実施形態では、破裂可能な基材120は、単一の開口部116にわたって延びて、リザーバ110の縁部122の固定することによって、作動前にリザーバを囲んでもよい。破裂可能な基材120は、接着剤の層、熱及び/又は圧力封止、超音波接合、クリンプ等、又はこれらの組み合わせによって固定されてもよい。
破裂可能な基材120は、破裂要素130を作動させることによって、揮発性材料を放出するように破壊されてもよい。破裂要素130は、ポリオレフィン、例えばポリエチレン又はポリプロピレン;ポリエステル;又は成形に好適であるとことが周知である他の塑性体を使用して注入成形、圧縮成形、圧力成形されてもよい。破裂要素130はまた、望まれない部分を取り除くための別個の切断工程を伴って、熱成形によって作製されてもよい。
ここで、図5を参照すると、送達エンジン100は、所望により、破裂可能な基材120が傷付けられた後に、揮発性材料をリザーバ110から収集する収集ボウル112を含む。収集ボウル112は、任意の寸法、形状、又は構成であってもよく、破裂可能な基材120の破裂時に、それがリザーバ110及び通気性膜140と流体連通する限り、任意の好適な材料で作製され得る。それは、任意の好適な量の揮発性材料を収集し、制御された量の揮発性材料を通気性膜140に提供するように、寸法が決められてもよい。一実施形態では、収集ボウル112は、約1mL〜約4mL、あるいは約1mL〜約3mL、あるいは約1mL〜約2.5mL、あるいは約1.5mL〜約1.8mLの揮発性材料を収集するように寸法が決められてもよい。
送達エンジン100は微多孔膜140を含む。微多孔膜140は、蒸発透過性であり、液体を吸い上げることができ、更に、液体が自由に膜140の外に流れるのを防止し、したがって漏れの問題を解決する。従来のポリマーが拡散速度に依存するのに対して、微多孔膜140は、揮発性材料の拡散が液体芳香剤の蒸発によって制御されるのを可能にする。
微多孔膜の揮発性材料移動速度は、0.7mg/(時間*cm2)以下、又は0.6mg/(時間*cm2)以下、又は0.55mg/(時間*cm2)以下、又は0.50mg/(時間*cm2)以下であり得る。微多孔膜の揮発性材料移動速度は、0.02mg/(時間*cm2)以上、又は0.04mg/(時間*cm2)以上、又は0.30mg/(時間*cm2)以上、又は0.35mg/(時間*cm2)以上であり得る。微多孔膜の揮発性材料移動速度は、これらの上方及び下方の値の任意の組み合わせの間の範囲であってもよい。例えば、微多孔膜の揮発性材料の移動速度は、0.04〜0.6mg/(時間*cm2)、又は0.2〜0.6mg/(時間*cm2)、又は、0.30〜0.55mg/(時間*cm2)、又は、0.35〜0.50mg/(時間*cm2)であってもよく、それぞれの場合は列挙された値を含む。
微多孔膜は、少なくとも0.7g/cm3の、例えば少なくとも0.8g/cm3の密度を有し得る。本明細書で使用されるとき、微多孔膜の密度は、微多孔膜のサンプルの重量及び容積を測定することによって決定される。微多孔膜の密度の上限は、例えば、0.04〜0.6mg/(時間*cm2)、の揮発性材料移動速度を目標としているのであれば、広い範囲であってもよく、かつ揮発性材料が、揮発性材料接触表面から前述の蒸発放出表面まで移動されるとき、蒸発放出表面は実質的に揮発性材料がない。一般的に微多孔膜の密度は、1.5g/cm3以下、又は1.2g/cm3以下、又は1.0g/cm3以下である。微多孔膜は、0.7g/cm3〜1.5g/cm3の、例えば、0.8g/cm3〜1.2g/cm3の密度を有し得、列挙された値を含む。
微多孔膜のマトリックスは実質的に非水溶性熱可塑性有機重合体から構成される。マトリックスとしての使用に好適な、そのようなポリマーは幅広く様々であってもよい。概して、フィルムに、シートに、ストリップに、又はウェブに押出され得る、カレンダー加工され得る、加圧され得る、又はロール加工され得る任意の実質的に非水溶性の熱可塑性有機ポリマーを使用されてもよい。ポリマーは単一ポリマー又はそれはポリマーの混合物であってもよい。ポリマーは、ホモポリマー、コポリマー、ランダムコポリマー、ブロックコポリマー、グラフトコポリマー、アタクチックポリマー、アイソタクチックポリマー、シンジオタクチックポリマー、線状ポリマー、又は分枝ポリマーであってもよい。ポリマーの混合物が使用されるとき、この混合物は均質であってもよく、あるいはそれは2つ以上のポリマー位相を含んでもよい。
M(UHMWPE)=5.3×104[η]1.37
式中、M(UHMWPE)は公称分子量であり、[η]はdL/gで表記されるUHMWポリエチレンの固有粘度である。
微多孔膜は、任意の好適な充填剤及び当該技術分野において既知の可塑剤で充填されてもよい。充填材は、微粒子状の、実質的に非水溶性の充填材料、例えば微粒子状のシリカ、粘土、ゼオライト、炭酸塩、炭、及びこれらの混合物を含んでもよい。特定の充填剤材料は、有機微粒子材料及び/又は無機微粒子材料を含み得る。微粒子充填剤材料は典型的に着色されておらず、例えば、微粒子充填剤材料は白又はオフホワイトの微粒子充填剤材料、例えばケイ酸含有の又は粘土粒子材料である。
本発明の微多孔膜はまた、相互接続する孔のネットワークを含み、これは実質的に微多孔膜全体につながっている。コーティングがなく、印刷用インクがなく、かつ含浸剤のないベースでは、微多孔膜の総体積を基準として、本明細書に更に記載されるプロセスによって作製されるとき、孔は典型的に35〜95体積%を構成する。孔は膜の総体積を基準として、微多孔膜の60〜75体積%を構成し得る。本明細書及び請求項において使用されるとき、微多孔膜の多孔性(ボイド容積としても知られる)は、容積%によって表され、次式に従って決定される:
多孔性=100[1−d1/d2]
式中、d1は、サンプルの密度であり、サンプルの寸法の測定から確かめられるように、これはサンプルの重量及びサンプルの体積から決定され、d2は、サンプルの固体部分の密度であり、これはサンプルの重量及びサンプルの固体部分の体積から決定される。微多孔膜の固体部分の体積は、Quantachrome stereopycnometer(Quantachrome Corp.)を使用して、この機器の操作マニュアルに従って決定される。
d=2[v1r1/w1+v2r2/w2]/[v1/w1+v2/w2]
式中、dは、容積平均孔直径であり、v1は、高圧範囲において侵入した水銀の合計容積であり、v2は低圧範囲において侵入した水銀の合計容積であり、r1は高圧スキャンから決定された容積平均孔半径であり、r2は定圧スキャンから決定された容積平均孔半径であり、w1は、高圧スキャンに供されたサンプルの重量であり、w2は低圧スキャンに供されたサンプルの重量である。
微多孔膜はz方向において、約0.01mm〜約1mm、あるいは約0.1mm〜約0.4mm、あるいは約0.15mm〜約0.35mm、あるいは約0.25mmの厚さを有してもよい。
ここで図6〜9を参照すると、本発明の方法は、解放可能に送達エンジン100に係合するハウジング200を提供する工程を更に含んでもよい。ハウジング200は、幅、長さ、及び深さを、x軸、y軸、及びz軸に沿ってそれぞれ有してもよい(図1に示されるように)。ハウジング200は、ガラス、セラミック、木材、塑性体、複合材料等の好適な材料で作製され得、及び送達エンジン100を包むのに好適な任意の寸法、形状、及び構成を有してもよい。ハウジング200は、剛性又は可撓性であることができ、並びに揮発性材料の周囲環境への移動を可能にする材料から作製されることができる。ハウジング200は、基部210、この基部210上に支持される中空のコア240を含むことができ、及びシェル220内に内部に入れ子になることができる。ハウジング200は、ノッチ270及び通気孔260も含んでもよい。
図8及び9で見られるように、ハウジング100は、基部210上に支持され、シェル220内に入れ子になっている中空のコア240を含み得る。シェル220は前壁222及び後壁224を有してもよく、これらの両方は、概して、中空のコア240の前壁242及び後壁244と同一の広がりを持つ。中空のコア240及びシェル220は、楕円形の円筒形であってもよく、送達エンジン100を受容するための、受容端部230を含む。受容端部230は、ハウジング200の基部210から遠くに配置されてもよい。
中空のコア240の後壁244の内面は、送達エンジン100をその最終的な使用時の位置(図9で見られるように)に下方に案内するための保持リブ246を含んでもよい。一実施形態では、保持リブ246は、第1保持リブ、及び後壁244の内面に配置された第2保持リブを含んでもよく、これら両方は、y軸に沿って長手方向に延びる。第1保持リブ及び第2保持リブは、中空のコア240の前壁242及び後壁244の交点に位置決めされて、送達エンジンのリップ102を受容してもよい。
ハウジング200は、第1の開放位置において整列し、揮発性材料を微多孔膜140から、処置を必要とする部屋の大気へと送達するのを促進するための複数の通気孔260又は開口部を有してもよい。通気孔260の有効な大きさを増加することは、揮発性材料の送達を増加することになる。逆に、通気孔260の有効な大きさを減少することは、揮発性材料の送達を減少することになる。
本発明の方法は、揮発性材料を連続的な方式で大気に送達する。用語「揮発性材料」は、本明細書で使用するとき、室温及び大気圧でエネルギー源を必要とすることなく揮発可能である材料を指す。揮発性材料は、全体的に単一の揮発性材料から構成される組成物であってもよい。揮発性材料はまた、全体的に揮発性材料混合物から構成される組成物でもよい(すなわち、この混合物は2つ以上の揮発性成分を有する)。更に、組成物の成分物質の全てが揮発性である必要はない。液体、又はエマルションを含む、任意の量若しくは形体の、任意の適した揮発性材料が使用され得る。
この実施例では、2つの同一のエアフレッシュニング送達エンジンが、約34cm2の蒸発表面積を備えるDaramic V5膜を採用して設計される。異なるVP範囲の揮発性材料を有する、揮発性材料混合物をそれぞれ有する、2つの香料組成物、RJJ−577及びRJJ−573−8は、蒸発速度に関して、エアフレッシュニング送達エンジンで試験される。揮発性材料のVPの範囲は表4及び表5に示される。
この実施例では、2つのエアフレッシュニング送達エンジンが、異なる膜を採用して構築されてる。それぞれは、実施例1で使用されたRJJ−573−8を使用して、蒸発速度が試験される。6000mgのRJJ−573−8が、約40マイクロメートルの平均孔径を有する低密度ポリエチレン膜(LDPE)を備える送達エンジンに搭載される。6000mgのRJJ−573−8が、Daramic V5微多孔膜を有する送達エンジンに搭載される。図11に見られるように、比較的低い蒸気圧の香料を放出するときに、微多孔膜はLDPE膜よりも、より効率性である。したがって、本発明による微多孔膜を採用することは、低蒸気圧の、より高い強度を送達する(すなわち、より心地のよい「ベースノート(base note)」香料の原料が送達され得る。
Claims (2)
- a.香料を含有する揮発性材料混合物を含む、リザーバと、
b.前記リザーバを包囲し、0.02マイクロメートルの平均孔径を有し、微多孔膜と、を含む、送達エンジンを提供する工程を含む、揮発性材料を送達する方法であって、
前記揮発性材料混合物は、総重量の40%〜100%の比率で揮発性材料を含み、揮発性材料のそれぞれは25℃で13.3Pa(0.1torr)未満の蒸気圧を有し、
前記微多孔膜は、2cm2〜35cm2の蒸発表面積を含み、
前記揮発性材料混合物が、
a.総重量の0%〜15%の比率の、25℃で0.53Pa〜4.67Pa(0.004torr〜0.035torr)の飽和蒸気圧をそれぞれ有する揮発性材料、
b.総重量の0%〜25%の比率の、25℃で13.3Pa〜43.3Pa(0.1torr〜0.325torr)の飽和蒸気圧をそれぞれ有する揮発性材料、及び
c.総重量の65%〜100%の比率の、25℃で4.67Pa〜13.3Pa(0.035torr〜0.1torr)の飽和蒸気圧をそれぞれ有する揮発性材料、
を含み、
前記揮発性材料混合物が、1.0cP〜15cP未満の粘度を含み、
前記揮発性材料混合物が、19mN/m〜27mN/m未満の表面張力を含み、
前記送達エンジンが、前記リザーバを包囲する破裂可能な基材、前記微多孔膜の下に位置決めされる破裂要素を更に含み、
前記送達エンジンが、前記破裂可能な基材の破裂時に、前記微多孔膜及び前記リザーバと流体連通する収集ボウルを更に含む方法。 - a.i.香料を含有する揮発性材料混合物を含むリザーバであって、
前記揮発性材料混合物は、総重量の40%〜100%の比率で揮発性材料を含み、揮発性材料のそれぞれは25℃で13.3Pa(0.1torr)未満の蒸気圧を有する、
リザーバと、
ii.前記リザーバを包囲する破裂可能な基材と、
iii.前記リザーバ及び前記破裂可能な基材を包囲し、2cm2〜35cm2の蒸発表面積を含み、0.02マイクロメートルの平均孔径を含む微多孔膜と、
iv.前記破裂可能な基材と前記微多孔膜との間に位置決めされる破裂要素と、を含み、前記破裂要素が圧縮可能なフランジを含み、該フランジが、穿孔要素を含む、
送達エンジンを提供する工程、
b.前記送達エンジンをハウジングに挿入する工程であって、前記ハウジングが、前記微多孔膜及び前記破裂要素を圧縮するためのノッチを含む工程、及び
c.前記微多孔膜及び前記破裂要素を圧縮して前記破裂可能な基材を破壊する工程であって、前記圧縮する工程が、15N未満の圧縮力を含む工程、を含む、
揮発性材料を送達するための方法。
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KR101691786B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-05 | 2017-01-02 | 주식회사 림피드스카이 | 방향제 분산 장치 |
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US8696982B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
US20100264232A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
JP2012523303A (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
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CA2686491C (en) | 2010-09-14 |
CN102395386A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
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