JP5752925B2 - 樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物 - Google Patents
樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5752925B2 JP5752925B2 JP2010262373A JP2010262373A JP5752925B2 JP 5752925 B2 JP5752925 B2 JP 5752925B2 JP 2010262373 A JP2010262373 A JP 2010262373A JP 2010262373 A JP2010262373 A JP 2010262373A JP 5752925 B2 JP5752925 B2 JP 5752925B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/341—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide not condensed with another ring, e.g. ranitidine, furosemide, bufetolol, muscarine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
工程1:樟芝の菌糸体が液体にて発酵することにより培養し、
工程2:工程1にて得られた菌糸体がエタノールの抽出を経てエタノール抽出物を取得し、
工程3:工程2にて得られたエタノール抽出物が濃縮した後に水中に溶解し、且つ同体積の酢酸エチル(ethyl acetate)を加えて抽出することにより、酢酸エチル抽出物を取得し、
工程4:工程3にて得られた酢酸エチル抽出物がシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、且つn−ヘキサン/酢酸エチルの勾配溶出液(hexane/ethyl acetate gradient elution)を、100%n−ヘキサン/0%酢酸エチルないし0%n−ヘキサン/100%酢酸エチルとし、最後に更に100%メタノール(methanol)に溶出させて、700ml毎に1本を収集し、その中でも、80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチルないし70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して、画分fを取得でき、70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルないし60%n−ヘキサン/40%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して、画分gを取得でき、
工程5:工程4にて得られた勾配溶出液の画分gがシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、且つn−ヘキサン/酢酸エチル勾配溶出液を、80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチルの勾配ないし50%n−ヘキサン/50%酢酸エチルとし、最後に更に100%酢酸エチルに溶出させ、50ml毎に1本を収集し、つまり勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iを取得でき、その中でも、画分Eが80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチルないし75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、画分F,Gがそれぞれ75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルにより順番に勾配溶出して取得し、画分Hをそれぞれ75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルないし70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより順番に勾配溶出して取得し、画分Iを70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、
工程6:ひいては工程5にて得られた「勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,I」が適用の精製分離方法により、更にこれらの活性組成物から4−アセチルアントロキノノールB(4-acetylantroquinonol B)を精製・分離でき、該精製分離方法を含み、但しゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーに限定されず、
その中でも、該エタノール抽出物,酢酸エチル抽出物,勾配溶出液の画分f,勾配溶出液の画分g,勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iと4−アセチルアントロキノノールB(4-acetylantroquinonol B)が、即ち樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物である。
1.1 樟芝の出所
本実施例に用いられる樟芝は、財団法人食品工業発展研究所(台湾・新竹)の生物資源保存及び研究センターに預けられる樟芝BCRC35716から取得されるが、但し本発明の述べた樟芝活性組成物がこの菌種から取得するとは限らない。
5トンの体積に2%ブドウ糖と2%麦芽抽出物を含有する発酵培養液(pHが5.0)内には、樟芝の菌糸体を接種し、22℃に置き、毎分50回転(50rpm)の回転速度にて、且つ毎分0.5倍の単位液体体積(0.5vvm)の通気量により培養し、4週間に培養する。
発酵培養が終了した後に、樟芝の発酵液を遠心処理することにより、樟芝の菌糸体と発酵液を分離し、樟芝菌糸体の沈殿物が無菌水にて2回洗浄することにより、残留の発酵液を除去し、その後に該樟芝菌糸体の沈殿物が乾く凍り且つ4℃に貯蔵し、1g菌糸体:20mlエタノールの割合にて、乾く凍った樟芝の菌糸体が95%エタノールと混合し、更に高速ホモジナイザー(polytron)により24時間に振蕩し、樟芝の菌糸体中にエタノールに溶解する成分を、抽出する。得られた抽出物がロータリーエバポレーター- (rotary evaporator)により濃縮され、且つ−80℃に貯蔵して予備する。
樟芝エタノール粗抽出液(857g)を2Lの水中に溶け戻し、且つ同体積の酢酸エチル(ethyl acetate)により抽出し、更に該水層と水飽和n−ブタノール(water-saturated n-butanol)を3回抽出する。該粗抽出液,酢酸エチル抽出液,n−ブタノール抽出液と水層が、そのHepG2肝癌細胞株増殖の抑制の効果をそれぞれテストするために用いられる。
3.1材料
HepG2細胞がアメリカ合衆国培養細胞系統保存機関(American Type Culture Collection, ATCC, Rockville, メリーランド州,米国)から購入され、HepG2細胞がWME (Williams medium E) 培地により培養され、WME培地には、10mMの4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−1−ピペラジンエタンスルフォン酸[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, Hepes],5μg/mLのインスリン(insulin),2μg/mLのグルカゴン(glucagon),0.05μg/mLのヒドロコルチゾン (hydrocortisone)と5%のウシ胎仔血清 (fetal bovine serum) (Gibco Life Technologies, Grand Island,ニューヨーク州,米国)を含有する。大腸癌細胞CT26,前立腺癌細胞LNCaPと乳癌細胞MDA-MB-231が財団法人食品工業発展研究所の生物資源保存及び研究センターのBCRC 60443,BCRC 60088と BCRC60425から購入される。
96穴平底細胞培養プレートの内に、毎穴2.5×104個のHepG2肝癌細胞を植え、WME培地にて、37℃,5%CO2環境下では4時間に培養した後に、培地が異なる濃度の樟芝菌糸体抽出物のサンプルを含有するWME培地に置き換えられ、先ずこれらの樟芝抽出物のサンプルを1%DMSOに溶解し、更にWME培地の内に加えて異なる濃度を形成し、そしてDMSOの最終濃度が1%よりも小さくなるように制御する。対照群の細胞が抽出用溶剤のみを含有するWME培地により培養され、そしてダミー対照群が細胞を含まず、100μLのWME培地のみを含有する。37℃,5%CO2環境下では、各セットの細胞が72と96時間の培養を実施した後に、MTS単一溶液細胞増殖分析(MTS-based cell titer 96 non-radioactivity cell proliferation assay, Promega, Madison,ウィスコンシン州,米国)により、HepG2肝癌細胞が増殖するかどうかを判断し、これにより、各抽出画分の抗肝腫瘍活性を評価する。
分散分析方法(ANOVA)及びDuncanの多重範囲検定法(Duncan’s multiple-range test, SAS Institute Inc., Cary,ノースカロライナ州,米国)にて、数字データを分析することにより、各平均値の間に著しい差異(P<0.05)を有するかどうかを、決定する。
(1)樟芝菌糸体の粗抽出物の抗腫瘍活性の分析
樟芝菌糸体のエタノール粗抽出液中から抽出された酢酸エチル抽出液,n−ヘキサン抽出液と水層抽出液の重量がそれぞれ574g,196g,87gである。これらの抽出物の抗腫瘍活性が例えば図1に示し、72時間に処理した後に、樟芝菌糸体のエタノール粗抽出液,酢酸エチル抽出液,n−ヘキサン抽出液と水層抽出液がHepG2肝癌細胞増殖の抑制に対する半数効果濃度 (EC50)値は、それぞれ5.59±0.16μg/mL,2.83±0.06μg/mL,18.26±2.72μg/mLと>100μg/mLで、96時間に処理した後に、これらの抽出物がHepG2肝癌細胞増殖の抑制に対する半数効果濃度 (EC50)値は、それぞれ2.76±0.01μg/mL,1.94±0.13μg/mL,5.3±0.00μg/mLと9.35±0.32μg/mLである。結果より示すように、樟芝菌糸体の酢酸エチル抽出物がHepG2肝癌細胞の増殖に対し、最高の抑制活性を有し、即ち最高の抗腫瘍活性を有し、従って該抽出物を取り、ひいてはシリカゲルカラムにより活性成分の分離を行う。
ひいては前述の樟芝菌糸体の酢酸エチル抽出物が、シリカゲルカラムにより13個の勾配溶出液の画分に分離され、この13個の勾配溶出液の画分がHepG2肝癌細胞増殖の抑制に対する半数効果濃度 (EC50)値は、例えば表3に示す。結果より示すように、勾配溶出液の画分fとgが最高の抗腫瘍活性を有するが、然しながら、2.29gの勾配溶出液の画分fのみを回収し、そして13.25gの勾配溶出液の画分gを回収し、従って数量上では、勾配溶出液の画分gが最も多い活性組成物を含有し、故に勾配溶出液の画分gにより研究を更に行う。
前述の勾配溶出液の画分gが再びシリカゲルカラムにより12個の勾配溶出液の画分に分離され、この12個の勾配溶出液の画分がHepG2肝癌細胞増殖の抑制に対する半数効果濃度 (EC50)値は、例えば表4に示す。結果から示すように、勾配溶出液の画分F,G,Hが最高の抗腫瘍活性を有し、該肝癌細胞を72時間に処理した後に、その半数効果濃度 (EC50)が約0.5μg/mLである。そして該肝癌細胞を96時間に処理した後に、勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iの半数効果濃度 (EC50)が約0.4μg/mLである。
ひいては前述の勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,IがHPLCシステムにより活性組成物を分離し、同一滞留時間(retention time)には、これらの画分が何れも一つの主要なピーク(例えば図2Aないし図2Eに示すように)を含有し、該ピークに位置する勾配溶出物を収集し、且つ生物の分析と鑑定を行う。このピークの成分(化合物)の抗腫瘍活性が、例えば図3に示すように、HepG2肝癌細胞を72時間と96時間に処理した後に、該成分(化合物)が該癌細胞増殖の抑制に対する半数効果濃度 (EC50)値は、それぞれ0.1μg/mLと0.08μg/mLである。全体の樟芝菌糸体の活性成分精製過程中に、この成分が最高の抗腫瘍活性を有し、該成分(化合物)の抗腫瘍活性が粗抽出液よりも高くて約50倍に達する。
前述の樟芝の抗腫瘍活性成分の化学構造は、スペクトロスコピー法(spectroscopic methods)により測定され、該方法が1次元核磁気共鳴,2次元核磁気共鳴とスペクトル分析を含み、該活性成分の化学構造が、例えば図5に示すように、その化学名が4−アセチルアントロキノノールB(4-acetylantroquinonol B)と称する。
Claims (4)
- 樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物は、樟芝の菌糸体が下記の工程を実施することにより生成されるもので、
工程1:樟芝の菌糸体を取得し、
工程2:樟芝の菌糸体が有機溶剤により抽出され、且つ乾燥した後に粗抽出物を取得し、
工程3:工程2にて得られた粗抽出物を水中に溶解し、懸濁液を呈し、且つ酢酸エチル(ethyl acetate)を加えて抽出することにより、酢酸エチル抽出物を取得し、
工程4:工程3にて得られた酢酸エチル抽出物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、且つn−ヘキサン/酢酸エチル勾配溶出液(hexane/ethyl acetate gradient elution)として、80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチルないし70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して、画分fを取得でき、70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルないし60%n−ヘキサン/40%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して、画分gを取得でき、
工程5:工程4にて得られた勾配溶出液の画分gをシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、且つn−ヘキサン/酢酸エチル勾配溶出液により、当該勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iを取得し、その中でも、画分Eを80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチルないし75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、画分Fの次に画分Gをそれぞれ75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、画分Hを75%n−ヘキサン/25%酢酸エチルないし70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、画分Iを70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチルにより勾配溶出して取得し、
工程6:工程5にて得られた勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iから高効率液相クロマトグラフィー・システム(HPLC)により4−アセチルアントロキノノールB(4-acetylantroquinonol B)を精製し、その中でも、工程3にて得られた酢酸エチル抽出物,工程4にて得られた勾配溶出液の画分fと当該勾配溶出液の画分g,工程5にて得られた勾配溶出液の画分E,F,G,H,Iと4−アセチルアントロキノノールB(4-acetylantroquinonol B)の全てを含む、樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物であり、
肝癌細胞,大腸癌細胞,前立腺癌細胞と乳癌細胞の増殖を抑制できることを特徴とする、樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物。 - 工程2の中に、樟芝の菌糸体と有機溶剤との割合が0.02〜0.1(g/ml)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物。
- 工程3の中に、樟芝菌糸体の粗抽出物が水に溶解した後に、懸濁液を成し、懸濁液に酢酸エチルを加えて抽出し、且つ懸濁液と酢酸エチルの割合が0.4〜3.0であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物。
- 工程6の高効率液相クロマトグラフィー・システム(HPLC)に使用されるカラムは、順相シリカゲルカラム(normal phase silica gel column)で、且つその使用する勾配溶出液がn−ヘキサン/酢酸エチルの混合液で、その割合が50%n−ヘキサン/50%酢酸エチル,60%n−ヘキサン/40%酢酸エチル,70%n−ヘキサン/30%酢酸エチル,80%n−ヘキサン/20%酢酸エチル又は90%n−ヘキサン/10%酢酸エチルであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の樟芝の抗ガン活性組成物。
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2010
- 2010-11-22 EP EP10192000.7A patent/EP2329816B1/en active Active
- 2010-11-22 PL PL10192000.7T patent/PL2329816T3/pl unknown
- 2010-11-22 ES ES10192000.7T patent/ES2574606T3/es active Active
- 2010-11-24 US US12/954,112 patent/US20110123562A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-11-25 MY MYPI2010005559A patent/MY161596A/en unknown
- 2010-11-25 JP JP2010262373A patent/JP5752925B2/ja active Active
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9950021B2 (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2018-04-24 | National Taiwan University | Anti-cancer active substance from Antrodia camphorata, method for preparing the same and use thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI421085B (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
US9950021B2 (en) | 2018-04-24 |
US20130129773A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
PL2329816T3 (pl) | 2016-10-31 |
EP2329816A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
JP2011111457A (ja) | 2011-06-09 |
US20110123562A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
EP2329816B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
MY161596A (en) | 2017-04-28 |
TW201200144A (en) | 2012-01-01 |
ES2574606T3 (es) | 2016-06-21 |
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