JP5600104B2 - Toll様受容体アゴニスト処方物およびその使用 - Google Patents
Toll様受容体アゴニスト処方物およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5600104B2 JP5600104B2 JP2011521358A JP2011521358A JP5600104B2 JP 5600104 B2 JP5600104 B2 JP 5600104B2 JP 2011521358 A JP2011521358 A JP 2011521358A JP 2011521358 A JP2011521358 A JP 2011521358A JP 5600104 B2 JP5600104 B2 JP 5600104B2
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Description
本願は、2008年8月1日に出願された米国仮特許出願61/137,694号への優先権を主張する。上記出願の全体の内容は、本明細書中に参考として援用される。
本発明は、Toll様受容体(TLR)アゴニストの薬学的処方物およびその使用に関する。
Toll様受容体(TLR)は、そのin vivo活性化によって特異的サイトカイン、ケモカインおよび成長因子が関与する先天性免疫応答が開始されるI型膜貫通タンパク質のファミリーである。全てのTLRが一定の細胞内シグナル伝達分子(核性因子κβ(NF−kB)およびマイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ(MAPキナーゼ)など)を活性化することができる一方で、放出されるサイトカインおよびケモカインの特異的集合物は各TLRに固有なようである。TLR7、8、および9は、免疫細胞(樹状細胞および単球など)のエンドソーム区画またはリソソーム区画中に存在するTLRのサブファミリーを含む。具体的には、TLR7は、形質細胞様樹状細胞によって発現され、且つより少ない程度で単球によって発現され、TLR8は、単球ならびに単球由来樹状細胞および骨髄性樹状細胞によって発現される。このサブファミリーは、微生物核酸(一本鎖RNAなど)の認識を媒介する。TLR7および/またはTLR8のアゴニストは、種々の炎症性サイトカイン(インターロイキン−6、インターロイキン−12、腫瘍壊死因子−α、およびインターフェロン−γが含まれる)の産生を刺激する。かかるアゴニストはまた、共刺激分子(CD40、CD80、およびCD86など)、主要組織適合性複合体分子、およびケモカイン受容体の発現の増加を促進する。I型インターフェロン(IFNαおよびIFNβ)はまた、TLR7/8アゴニストでの活性化の際に細胞によって産生される。
本発明は、一般に、癌(好ましくは、固形腫瘍およびリンパ腫)の処置での使用、および他の使用(一定の皮膚容態または疾患(アトピー性皮膚炎など)の処置、感染症(好ましくは、ウイルス疾患)の処置が含まれる)、ならびに癌治療および感染症の処置での使用のために処方されたワクチン中のアジュバントとしての使用のためのベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを含む薬学的組成物の処方に関する。具体的には、本発明は、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト、好ましくはTLR7アゴニストまたはTLR8アゴニストの安定な処方物に関する。好ましい実施形態では、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLR7アゴニストまたはTLR8アゴニストを癌の処置で使用し、癌は、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌、およびリンパ腫からなる群から選択される。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1) Toll様受容体(TLR)アゴニストの固体または液体処方物であって、該固体または液体処方物は、シクロデキストリンを含み、該アゴニストは、TLR7、TLR8、またはその両方のアゴニストであるベンゾ[b]アゼピン化合物である、固体または液体処方物。
(項目2) 前記TLRアゴニストが、(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ビス(2−メトキシエチル)−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジエチル−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−N,N−ジプロピル−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N−エチル−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−N−プロピル−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(4−(メトキシカルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(4−(メチルカルバモイル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;およびその薬学的に許容可能な塩からなる群から選択される、項目1に記載の処方物。
(項目3) 前記TLRアゴニストが(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、またはその薬学的に許容可能な塩である、項目2に記載の処方物。
(項目4) 前記処方物のpHが酸性である、項目1から3のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目5) 前記pHが約pH6.5である、項目4に記載の処方物。
(項目6) 前記処方物が無菌である、項目1から5のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目7) 前記処方物が固体処方物である、項目1から3のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目8) 前記処方物が凍結乾燥処方物である、項目1から3のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目9) 前記シクロデキストリンがβ−シクロデキストリンである、項目1から8のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目10) 前記β−シクロデキストリンがスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンである、項目9に記載の処方物。
(項目11) 前記処方物が約1〜30重量/体積%の前記β−シクロデキストリンを含む、項目10に記載の処方物。
(項目12) 前記処方物が約5〜15重量/体積%の前記β−シクロデキストリンを含む、項目11に記載の処方物。
(項目13) 前記TLRアゴニストを約0.5mg/ml〜約50mg/mlの濃度で処方する、項目12に記載の処方物。
(項目14) 前記アゴニストを約1mg/ml〜約40mg/mlの濃度で処方する、項目13に記載の処方物。
(項目15) 前記アゴニストを約2mg/ml〜約15mg/mlの濃度で処方する、項目14に記載の処方物。
(項目16) 前記処方物が約20〜25℃で少なくとも1週間安定である、項目1から15のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目17) 前記処方物が約2〜8℃で少なくとも2週間安定である、項目1から15のいずれか1項に記載の処方物。
(項目18) 項目1から17のいずれか1項に記載の処方物を被験体に投与する工程を含む、被験体における癌、感染症、またはアトピー性皮膚炎の処置方法。
(項目19) 前記TLRアゴニストが(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、またはその薬学的に許容可能な塩である、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目20) 前記TLRアゴニストを少なくとも2mg/mlの濃度で処方する、項目19に記載の方法。
(項目21) 前記処方物は注射による前記被験体への投与に適切である、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目22) 前記投与が皮下注射、筋肉内注射、または経皮注射である、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23) 前記被験体がヒトである、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目24) 前記癌が、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌、およびリンパ腫からなる群から選択される、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目25) 前記TLRアゴニストを約0.02〜10mg/kgの用量で前記被験体に投与する、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目26) 前記TLRアゴニストを約0.04〜5mg/kgの用量で前記被験体に投与する、項目25に記載の方法。
(項目27) 前記TLRアゴニストを1週間間隔または2週間間隔で前記被験体に投与する、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目28) 前記TLRアゴニスト処方物を1つまたは複数の他の処置様式と組み合わせて投与する、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目29) 前記1つまたは複数の他の処置様式が、化学療法薬、サイトカイン、抗体、ホルモン療法、または放射線療法から選択される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30) 前記感染症がウイルスに起因する、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目31) 前記ウイルスが肝炎ウイルスである、項目30に記載の方法。
(項目32) 項目1から17のいずれか1項に記載の液体または凍結乾燥したTLRアゴニスト処方物を充填した1つまたは複数の容器を含む、薬学的パックまたはキット。
(項目33) 前記TLRアゴニストを少なくとも2mg/mlの濃度で処方し、ヒト被験体への皮下注射による投与に適切である、項目32に記載の薬学的パックまたはキット。
(項目34) 被験体における癌、感染症、またはアトピー性皮膚炎の治療薬の製造における項目1から17のいずれか1項に記載の処方物の使用。
(項目35) 前記TLRアゴニストを少なくとも2mg/mlの濃度で処方する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目36) 前記処方物が注射による前記被験体への投与に適切である、項目35に記載の使用。
(項目37) 前記投与が皮下注射、筋肉内注射、または経皮注射による投与である、項目36に記載の使用。
(項目38) 前記被験体がヒトである、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目39) 前記癌が、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌、およびリンパ腫からなる群から選択される、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目40) 前記TLRアゴニストを約0.02〜10mg/kgの用量で前記被験体に投与する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目41) 前記TLRアゴニストを約0.04〜5mg/kgの用量で前記被験体に投与する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目42) 前記TLRアゴニストを1週間間隔または2週間間隔で前記被験体に投与する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目43) 前記TLRアゴニスト処方物を1つまたは複数の他の処置様式と組み合わせて投与する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目44) 前記1つまたは複数の他の処置様式が、化学療法薬、サイトカイン、抗体、ホルモン療法、または放射線療法からなる群から選択される、項目43に記載の使用。
(項目45) 前記感染症がウイルスに起因する、項目34に記載の使用。
(項目46) 前記ウイルスが肝炎ウイルスである、項目45に記載の使用。
1つまたは複数の本発明の実施形態の詳細を、以下の付随する説明に記載する。本明細書中に記載の方法および材料と類似するか等価な任意の方法および材料を本発明の実施または試験で使用することができるにもかかわらず、好ましい方法および材料をここに記載する。本発明の他の特徴、目的、および利点は、本説明から明らかであろう。本明細書中では、文脈上別のことを明確に示さない限り、単数形には複数形も含まれる。他で定義しない限り、本明細書中で使用した全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明に属する当業者によって一般的に理解されているのと同等の意味を有する。矛盾する場合、本明細書に従うであろう。
本発明に従って処方することができるベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストは、2007年3月1日にWO2007/024612号として公開された2006年8月17日出願のPCT国際出願番号PCT/US2006/032098号(その内容全体が本明細書中で参考として援用される)に記載されている。好ましい実施形態では、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストは、(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミドおよびその薬学的に許容可能な塩である。
Yは、CF2CF3、CF2CF2R6、またはアリール環またはヘテロアリール環であり、アリール環およびヘテロアリール環は、アルケニル、アルキニル、Br、CN、OH、NR6R7、C(=O)R8、NR6SO2R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、SR6およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に置換され、アリール環およびヘテロアリール環は、F、Cl、CF3、CF3O−、HCF2O−、アルキル、ヘテロアルキルおよびArO−から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的にさらに置換され;
R1、R3およびR4は、H、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールから独立して選択され、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、OR6、NR6R7、C(=O)R6、C(=O)OR6、OC(=O)R6、C(=O)NR6R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、CH3OCH2O−、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、NR6SO2R7、SR6、およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的に置換されるか、
R3およびR4はこれらが結合する原子と共に飽和または部分飽和の炭素環を形成し、炭素環は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、OR6、NR6R7、C(=O)R6、C(=O)OR6、OC(=O)R6、C(=O)NR6R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、CH3OCH2O−、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、NR6SO2R7、SR6、およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的に置換され;
R2およびR8は、H、OR6、NR6R7、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールから独立して選択され、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、OR6、NR6R7、C(=O)R6、C(=O)OR6、OC(=O)R6、C(=O)NR6R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、CH3OCH2O−、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、NR6SO2R7、SR6、およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的に置換され;R5a、R5b、およびR5cは、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、OMe、CH3、CH2F、CHF2またはCF3であり;
R6およびR7は、H、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールから独立して選択され、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリールおよびヘテロアリールは、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、OR6、NR6R7、C(=O)R6、C(=O)OR6、OC(=O)R6、C(=O)NR6R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、CH3OCH2O−、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、NR6SO2R7、SR6、およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的に置換されるか、
R6およびR7はこれらが結合する原子と共に飽和または部分飽和の複素環を形成し、複素環は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、OR6、NR6R7、C(=O)R6、C(=O)OR6、OC(=O)R6、C(=O)NR6R7、(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノ、CH3OCH2O−、R6OC(=O)CH=CH2−、NR6SO2R7、SR6、およびSO2R6から独立して選択される1つまたは複数の基に任意選択的に置換される)の化合物、ならびにその代謝産物、溶媒和物、互変異性体、薬学的に許容可能な塩、プロドラッグである。
(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ビス(2−メトキシエチル)−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジエチル−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−N,N−ジプロピル−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N−エチル−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−8−(ペルフルオロエチル)−N−プロピル−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;
(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;
(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(4−(メトキシカルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;
(1E,4E)−エチル2−アミノ−8−(4−(メチルカルバモイル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキシラート;
(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド;および
その薬学的に許容可能な塩。
本発明は、5.1項中に記載のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの安定な処方物を提供する。本発明の処方物は、好ましくは、5.3項に記載の薬学的使用に適切である。最も好ましくは、処方物は、被験体(好ましくは、ヒト被験体)への皮下投与に適切であるが、5.4項に記載の他の手段による投与に適切であり得る。
本発明の処方物は、処方されたベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの化学的な安定性を提供する。本発明の文脈中の「安定性」および「安定な」は、所与の製造条件、調製条件、輸送条件、および貯蔵条件下での化学的分解に対するベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの耐性をいう。「安定な」本発明の処方物はまた、好ましくは、所与の製造条件、調製条件、輸送条件、および/または貯蔵条件下でのベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの標準的または基準の調製物の少なくとも80%、85%、90%、95%、98%、99%、または99.5%の生物学的活性を保持する。生物学的活性は、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストがTLRシグナル伝達、好ましくはTLR7および/またはTLR8シグナル伝達、および最も好ましくはTLR8シグナル伝達を活性化する能力をいう。この文脈では、生物学的活性を、任意の当該分野で認識されているTLRシグナル伝達の検出方法を使用して測定することができる。例えば、かかる方法には、TLR依存性細胞内シグナル伝達分子(核性因子κβ(NFkB)など)の検出アッセイが含まれる。かかるアッセイには、例えば、1つまたは複数のTLR遺伝子、好ましくはTLR7および/またはTLR8遺伝子を安定に発現する細胞内で行われるレポーター遺伝子アッセイが含まれる。他の方法には、TLRシグナル伝達が活性化された場合に免疫系のTLR含有細胞によって放出されるサイトカインの検出アッセイが含まれる。例えば、培養細胞上清中の腫瘍壊死因子α(TNFa)またはインターフェロンα(IFNa)の検出アッセイは当業者に公知であり、市販されている(例えば、R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MNを参照のこと)。
本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物は、癌または感染症の処置方法で有用である。好ましくは、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、癌処置のためのレジメンで1つまたは複数のさらなる処置様式と組み合わせて使用する。ある実施形態では、癌は、固形腫瘍である。1つの実施形態では、癌は、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌、およびリンパ腫からなる群から選択される。特定の実施形態では、癌はリンパ腫である。1つの実施形態では、リンパ腫は非ホジキンリンパ腫である。本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物はまた、他の方法(一定の皮膚容態または疾患(アトピー性皮膚炎など)の処置方法、感染症(好ましくは、ウイルス疾患)の処置方法が含まれる)および癌治療または感染症(好ましくは、ウイルス疾患)の処置または防止のために処方されたワクチン中のアジュバントとしての使用に有用である。1つの実施形態では、感染症はウイルス疾患であり、ウイルスは肝炎ウイルス、好ましくはC型肝炎ウイルス(HCVまたはHepC)である。本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、単独で使用するか、5.3.1項に記載のように1つまたは複数の他の処置様式と組み合わせて使用することができる。
併用療法は、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物の投与に加えて、癌の防止または処置に役立つ1つまたは複数の様式の付属的使用を含む。かかる様式には、化学療法薬、免疫療法剤、抗血管新生薬、サイトカイン、ホルモン、抗体、ポリヌクレオチド、照射および光力学的治療薬が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。特定の実施形態では、併用療法を使用して、癌の再発を防止するか、転移を阻害するか、癌または転移の成長および/または拡大を阻害することができる。本明細書中で使用する場合、「〜と組み合わせて」は、以下の項でより詳細に記載されている1つまたは複数のさらなる処置様式を含む処置レジメンの一部として本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を投与することを意味する。
一定の実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを含む処方物を、1つまたは複数の抗癌剤、好ましくは化学療法薬と組み合わせて投与する。かかる化学療法薬には、以下の化合物群が含まれるが、これらに限定されない:細胞傷害性抗生物質、代謝拮抗物質、有糸分裂阻害剤、アルキル化剤、白金化合物、ヒ素化合物、DNAトポイソメラーゼインヒビター、タキサン、ヌクレオシドアナログ、植物アルカロイド、および毒素;ならびにその合成誘導体。以下は、これらの群内の特定の化合物の非限定的な例である。アルキル化剤には、ナイトロジェンマスタード(シクロホスファミド、イフォスファミド、トロホスファミド、およびクロラムブシルなど);ニトロソ尿素(カルムスチン(BCNU)およびロムスチン(CCNU)など);アルキルスルホナート(ブスルファンおよびトレオスルファンなど);およびトリアゼン(ダカルバジンなど)が含まれる。白金含有化合物には、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、アロプラチン、およびオキサリプラチンが含まれる。植物アルカロイドには、ビンカアルカロイド(ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、ビンデシン、およびビノレルビンなど);およびタキソイド(パクリタキセルおよびドセタキセル(docetaxol)など)が含まれる。DNAトポイソメラーゼインヒビターには、エピポドフィリン(エトポシド、テニポシド、トポテカン、9−アミノカンプトセシン、カンプトセシン、およびクリスナトールなど);およびマイトマイシン(マイトマイシンCなど)が含まれる。抗葉酸薬には、DHFRインヒビター(メトトレキサートおよびトリメトレキサートなど);IMPデヒドロゲナーゼインヒビター(ミコフェノール酸、チアゾフリン、リバビリン、ヒドロキシ尿素およびEICARなど);およびリボヌクレオチド(ribonuclotide)レダクターゼインヒビター(デフェロキサミンなど)が含まれる。ピリミジンアナログには、ウラシルアナログ(5−フルオロウラシル、フロクスウリジン、ドキシフルリジン、およびラルチトレキセド(ratitrexed)など);およびシトシンアナログ(シタラビン(araC)、シトシンアラビノシド、およびフルダラビンなど)が含まれる。プリンアナログには、メルカプトプリンおよびチオグアニンが含まれる。DNA代謝拮抗物質には、3−HP、2’−デオキシ−5−フルオロウリジン、5−HP、α−TGDR、アフィジコリングリシナート、ara−C、5−アザ−2’−デオキシシチジン、β−TGDR、シクロシチジン、グアナゾール、イノシングリコジアルデヒド、マセベシンII、およびピラゾロイミダゾールが含まれる。有糸分裂阻害剤には、アロコルヒチン、ハリコンドリンB、コルヒチン、コルヒチン誘導体、ドルスタチン10、メイタンシン、リゾキシン、チオコルヒチン、およびトリチルシステインが含まれる。
別の実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、癌処置のための放射線療法のレジメンと併せて投与する。本方法は、外照射療法、放射性同位体(I−125、パラジウム、イリジウム)の組織内移植、放射性同位体(ストロンチウム−89など)、胸部放射線療法、腹腔内P−32放射線療法、および/または全腹部および骨盤放射線療法を含むレジメンを含む。任意の適切な細胞傷害性放射性核種または治療同位体を、放射線療法のレジメンで使用することができる。ある実施形態では、同位体は、α線放射同位体(225Ac、224Ac、211At、212Bi、213Bi、212Pb、224Ra、または223Raなど)である。他の実施形態では、細胞傷害性放射性核種は、β線放射同位体(186Re、188Re、90Y、131I、67Cu、177Lu、153Sm、166Ho、または64Cuなど)である。いくつかの実施形態では、細胞傷害性放射性核種は、オージェ電子および低エネルギー電子を放出する同位体(125I、123Iまたは77Brなど)である。他の実施形態では、同位体は、198Auおよび32Pなどである。
別の実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、1つまたは複数の免疫療法薬(抗体またはワクチンなど)と組み合わせて投与する。いくつかの実施形態では、抗体は、癌に対するin vivoでの治療および/または予防で使用する。いくつかの実施形態では、抗体を、感染症の処置および/または防止のために使用することができる。
抗癌剤および治療抗体に加えて、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、他の治療薬(抗血管新生薬(例えば、固形腫瘍の処置方法ならびに転移の処置および防止方法における)および抗ホルモン剤(特に、乳癌および前立腺癌などのホルモン依存性癌の処置方法における)など)と組み合わせて投与することができる。
ある実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、免疫調節薬と組み合わせて投与する。いくつかの実施形態では、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、免疫調節薬と共に処方する。「免疫調節薬」は、投与される被験体の免疫系を抑制するか、マスキングするか、増強する物質である。例示的な薬剤は、サイトカイン産生を抑制するか、自己抗原発現を下方制御または抑制するか、MHC抗原をマスキングする薬剤である。かかる薬剤の例には、2−アミノ−6−アリール−5置換ピリミジン(米国特許第4,665,077を参照のこと)、アザチオプリン(またはシクロホスファミド、アザチオプリンに対して副作用がある場合);ブロモクリプチン;グルタルアルデヒド(MHC抗原をマスキングする(米国特許第4,120,649号に記載));MHC抗原およびMHCフラグメントの抗イディオタイプ抗体;シクロスポリンA;ステロイド(糖質コルチコステロイド(例えば、プレドニゾン、メチルプレドニゾロン、およびデキサメタゾン)など);サイトカインまたはサイトカイン受容体アンタゴニスト(抗インターフェロン−γ、−β、または−α抗体が含まれる);抗腫瘍壊死因子−α抗体;抗腫瘍壊死因子−β抗体;抗インターロイキン−2抗体および抗IL−2受容体抗体;抗L3T4抗体;異種抗リンパ球グロブリン;pan−T抗体(好ましくは、抗CD3または抗CD4/CD4a抗体);LFA−3結合ドメインを含む可溶性ペプチド;ストレプトキナーゼ;TGF−β;ストレプトドルナーゼ;FK506;RS−61443;デオキシスペルグアリン;およびラパマイシンが含まれる。サイトカインの例には、リンホカイン、モノカイン、および伝統的なポリペプチドホルモンが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。サイトカインのうちで、成長ホルモン(ヒト成長ホルモン、N−メチオニルヒト成長ホルモン、およびウシ成長ホルモンなど);副甲状腺ホルモン;チロキシン;インスリン;プロインスリン;リラキシン;プロリラキシン;糖タンパク質ホルモン(濾胞刺激ホルモン(FSH)、甲状腺刺激ホルモン(TSH)、および黄体形成ホルモン(LH)など);肝臓成長因子;線維芽細胞成長因子;プロラクチン;胎盤性ラクトゲン;腫瘍壊死因子−α;ミューラー阻害物質;マウスゴナドトロピン関連ペプチド;インヒビン;アクチビン;血管内皮成長因子;インテグリン;トロンボポエチン(thrombopoiotin)(TPO);神経成長因子(NGF−αなど);血小板成長因子;トランスフォーミング成長因子(TGF)(TGF−αおよびTGF−αなど);インスリン様成長因子−Iおよび−II;エリスロポエチン(EPO);骨誘導因子;インターフェロン;コロニー刺激因子(CSF)(マクロファージ−CSF(M−CSF)など);顆粒球−マクロファージ−CgP(GM−CSP);および顆粒球−CSF(G−CSF);インターロイキン(IL)(IL−1、IL−1a、IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−5、IL−6、IL−7、IL−8、IL−9、IL−11(IL−1I)、IL−12、IL−15など);腫瘍壊死因子(TNF−αまたはTNF−βなど);および他のポリペプチド因子(LIFおよびキットリガンド(KL)が含まれる)が含まれる。本明細書中で使用する場合、用語「サイトカイン」には、天然供給源由来のタンパク質または天然配列のサイトカインの組換え細胞培養物および生物学的に活性な等価物由来のタンパク質が含まれる。
ある実施形態では、単球またはマクロファージの機能を増強させる(例えば、少なくとも約25%、50%、75%、85%、90%、9%、またはそれを超える)化合物を、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物と併せて使用することができる。かかる化合物は当該分野で公知であり、サイトカイン(インターロイキン(例えば、IL−12)およびインターフェロン(例えば、αまたはγインターフェロン)など)が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
一定の好ましい実施形態では、本発明の方法によって処置される癌型は、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌、またはリンパ腫である。本発明の方法によって処置することができる他の癌型には、ヒトの肉腫および癌腫(例えば、線維肉腫、粘液肉腫、脂肪肉腫、軟骨肉腫、骨原性肉腫、脊索腫、血管肉腫、内皮肉腫、リンパ管肉腫、リンパ管内皮肉腫、滑膜腫、中皮腫、ユーイング腫瘍、平滑筋肉腫、横紋筋肉腫、結腸癌腫、膵臓癌、前立腺癌、扁平上皮癌、基底細胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、脂腺癌、乳頭状癌、乳頭腺癌、嚢胞腺腫、髄様癌、気管支癌、肝細胞癌、胆管癌、絨毛癌、セミノーマ、胎児性癌、ウィルムス腫瘍、子宮頸癌、精巣腫瘍、肺癌、小細胞性肺癌、上皮癌、神経膠腫、星状細胞腫、髄芽腫、頭蓋咽頭腫、上衣腫、松果体腫、血管芽細胞腫、聴神経腫、乏突起膠腫、髄膜腫、黒色腫、神経芽細胞腫、網膜芽細胞腫);白血病(例えば、急性リンパ球性白血病および急性骨髄球性白血病(骨髄芽球性白血病、前骨髄球性白血病、骨髄単球性白血病、単球性白血病および赤白血病));慢性白血病(慢性骨髄性(顆粒球性)白血病および慢性リンパ球性白血病);および真性赤血球増加症、リンパ腫(ホジキン病および非ホジキン病)、多発性骨髄腫、ワルデンシュトレームマクログロブリン血症、および重鎖病が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、被験体(好ましくは、ヒト被験体)における感染症の処置方法または防止方法で使用することができる。ある実施形態では、本方法は、ウイルス、細菌、真菌、原生動物、蠕虫、または寄生虫(その特定の菌株が含まれる)に起因する感染症の処置方法または防止方法である。
本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、好ましくは注射、最も好ましくは皮下注射のために処方する。ある実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、皮内経路、経皮経路、皮下経路、または筋肉内経路による投与のために処方する。1つの実施形態では、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、静脈内投与のために処方する。しかし、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、任意の適切な投与経路(例として、鼻(例えば、エアゾールによる)、口内投与(例えば、舌下投与)、局所投与(すなわち、皮膚および粘膜表面の両方(気道表面が含まれる))、髄腔内投与、関節内投与、胸膜内投与(intraplural)、脳内投与、動脈内投与、腹腔内投与、経口投与、リンパ管内投与、鼻腔内投与、直腸投与または膣投与、局所カテーテルによる灌流、または直接病巣内注射が含まれる)のために処方することができる。
特定の実施形態では、本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、被験体(好ましくは、ヒト被験体)における癌処置のための既存の治療レジメンと組み合わせて使用する。この実施形態によれば、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を、癌処置に適切な抗癌剤の前、後、または同時に投与することができる。好ましくは、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物の投与を、癌の型、被験体の病歴および容態、ならびに選択した特定の抗癌剤に応じて、抗癌剤の投薬量およびタイミングに合わせる。
本発明は、液体または凍結乾燥された本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト処方物を充填した1つまたは複数の容器を含む薬学的パックまたはキットを提供する。1つの実施形態では、処方物は、β−シクロデキストリン、好ましくはスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンを含むベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミドの水性処方物である。1つの実施形態では、処方物は凍結乾燥されている。好ましい実施形態では、液体または凍結乾燥された処方物は無菌である。1つの実施形態では、キットは、1つまたは複数の容器中に液体または凍結乾燥された本発明の処方物および癌または感染症の処置に有用な1つまたは複数の他の予防薬または治療薬を含む。1つまたは複数の他の予防薬または治療薬は、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストとして同一容器中に存在し得るか、1つまたは複数の他の容器中に存在し得る。好ましくは、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、約0.5mg/ml〜約50mg/ml、約1mg/ml〜約40mg/ml、または約2mg/ml〜約15mg/mlの濃度で処方し、処方物は、注射、好ましくは皮下注射に適切である。好ましくは、キットは、単位投薬形態のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを含む。最も好ましくは、単位投薬形態は、処置されるべき被験体の体重1kgあたり約0.02〜10mgまたは約0.04〜5mgの単位用量を提供するのに適切な形態である。
以下は、安定な水性および凍結乾燥された本発明のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの処方物の具体例である。これらの実施形態で使用される特定のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストは、(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミドである。本明細書中に記載のように、ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストを、40〜50mg/mlまでの濃度でβ−シクロデキストリン、好ましくはスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンを使用して処方することができる。具体的には、本実施例は、15%または25%w/vのいずれかのスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンを使用したベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの処方物を記載する。これらの処方物は、室温および通常の冷蔵温度で安定である。水性処方物はまた、皮下注射による投与に適切である。水性処方物を凍結乾燥させることもできる。例示的な凍結乾燥手順を以下に記載する。15%スルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリン処方物は、凍結乾燥生成物の再構成後の皮下注射による投与に好ましい。
40mg/mLのベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト溶液を、下記の通りに調製する。簡潔に述べれば、必要量のアゴニストを、25%または15%w/vスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンのいずれかを含む10mMクエン酸塩(pH2.8〜3.2)に溶解し、30分間撹拌する。溶解後、溶液のpHをpH6.5に調整し、溶液をさらに15分間撹拌し、0.2ミクロンのポリエーテルスルホンフィルターで濾過した。この処方物は皮下注射に適切である。
最終体積の処方物の25%w/v溶液に必要なスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンを秤量する。
40mg/mLの上記処方物を、以下の凍結乾燥サイクルに従って凍結乾燥させる。
凍結:−50℃で120分間保持する。減圧してチャンバーを密封する。
初乾:100mTorrの減圧下にて0℃に120分間均一に上昇させる。;100mTorrの減圧下にて10℃に80分間均一に上昇させる。100mTorrの減圧下にて10℃で1920分間保持する。
最終体積の処方物の15%w/v溶液に必要な目標量のスルホブチルエーテルβ−シクロデキストリンを秤量する。
ベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト溶液を包接錯体処方物または共溶媒処方物のいずれかとして調製し、表示温度での表示時間の保存後のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの残存濃度による測定によって短期間安定性について評価した。
5mg/mLベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト溶液を、25%w/vCAPTISOLを含む10mMクエン酸塩(pH6.5)中に調製した。簡潔に述べれば、必要量のCAPTISOLおよびクエン酸を、約75%のバッチサイズに等しい体積に溶解した。目標量のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストをこの溶液に添加し、30分間撹拌した。6N HClを使用してサンプルを約pH3.0に調整し、30分間撹拌した。6N NaOHを使用して約pH6.5に調整し、さらに15分間撹拌した。水を使用して処方物の体積をバッチサイズの100%にした。次いで、処方物を、0.2μmポリエーテルスルホンフィルターで濾過し、滅菌容器に無菌的に濾過した(235μL/容器)。処方物の全調製工程を、室温で行った。
5mg/mLベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト溶液を、10%プロピレングリコール、10%ポリエチレングリコール400(PEG400)、および10mMクエン酸塩(pH6.5)を含む溶媒系中で調製した。簡潔に述べれば、必要量のクエン酸を、約50%のバッチサイズに等しい体積に溶解した。必要量のプロピレングリコールおよびPEG400を添加し、撹拌して混合した。目標量のベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストをこの溶媒に添加し、30分間撹拌した。6N HClを使用してサンプルを約pH3.0に調整し、30分間撹拌した。6N NaOHを使用して約pH6.5に調整し、さらに15分間撹拌した。水を使用して処方物の体積をバッチサイズの100%にした。次いで、処方物を、0.2μmポリエーテルスルホンフィルターで濾過し、滅菌容器(235μL/容器)に無菌的に濾過した。処方物の全調製工程を、室温で行った。
包接錯体処方物を充填した容器を、室温(RT)または2〜8℃のいずれかで保存した。共溶媒処方物を充填した容器を、室温、2〜8℃、または40℃で保存した。サンプルを、特定の時点で貯蔵庫から取り出し、標準的方法によるHPLCによってベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニスト濃度を評価した。
表3は、特定の時点での貯蔵温度の関数としてのサンプルの安定性におけるベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストのアッセイ濃度を示す。表に示すように、包接錯体処方物は、室温でさえも貯蔵19日目までベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストのいかなる有意な喪失も認められなかった。対照的に、室温での貯蔵14日後に共溶媒処方物において有意なベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの喪失が認められた(約29%喪失)。共溶媒処方物中でのベンゾ[b]アゼピンTLRアゴニストの分解は、40℃でより明白であった。40℃および室温で貯蔵した共溶媒処方物サンプルが7日後および14日後にそれぞれ不溶性物質を含んでいたことに留意すべきである。安定性研究に基づいて、CAPTISOLを使用して調製した包接錯体処方物は、共溶媒処方物と比較してより高い安定性を示す。
Claims (22)
- (1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、又はその医薬として許容される塩、及びスルホブチル エーテルβ-シクロデキストリンの固体または液体処方物。
- 前記処方物のpHが酸性である、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 前記pHが、5〜7である、請求項2に記載の処方物。
- 前記pHが、pH6.5である、請求項3に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が凍結乾燥処方物である、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が1〜30重量/体積%の前記スルホブチル エーテルβ-シクロデキストリンを含む、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が5〜15重量/体積%の前記スルホブチル エーテルβ-シクロデキストリンを含む、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- (1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、又はその医薬として許容される塩が、0.5mg/ml〜50mg/mlの濃度で処方する、請求項6又は7に記載の処方物。
- (1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、又はその医薬として許容される塩が、1mg/ml〜40mg/mlの濃度で処方する、請求項6又は8に記載の処方物。
- (1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド、又はその医薬として許容される塩が、2mg/ml〜15mg/mlの濃度で処方する、請求項6又は9に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が20〜25℃で少なくとも1週間安定であり、かつ/または2〜8℃で少なくとも2週間安定である、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 被験体における、癌、ウイルスに起因する感染症又はアトピー性皮膚炎の治療における使用のための、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物は、注射により前記被験体に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物は、0.02〜10mg/kgの(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド又はその医薬として許容される塩の用量で、前記被験体に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物は、0.04〜5mg/kgの(1E,4E)−2−アミノ−N,N−ジプロピル−8−(4−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニル)−3H−ベンゾ[b]アゼピン−4−カルボキサミド又はその医薬として許容される塩の用量で、前記被験体に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物は、1週間間隔または2週間間隔で前記被験体に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物は、1つまたは複数の他の処置様式と組み合わせて投与されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記癌が、結腸癌、卵巣癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、腎臓癌、膀胱癌、肝細胞癌およびリンパ腫から選ばれる、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記ウイルスが、ヘルペスウイルス、インフルエンザウイルス、肝炎ウイルス、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス、呼吸器合胞体ウイルス、麻疹ウイルス、ライノウイルス、アデノウイルス、SARSウイルス、パピローマウイルス、オルソポックスウイルス、及び西ナイルウイルスから選ばれる、請求項12に記載の処方物。
- 前記被験者が、ヒトである、請求項12〜19のいずれか一項に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が、20〜30℃で少なくとも2週間、最大40mg/mlの濃度で安定である、請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 前記処方物が、23℃で少なくとも2週間安定である、請求項5に記載の処方物。
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