JP5570508B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5570508B2 JP5570508B2 JP2011519389A JP2011519389A JP5570508B2 JP 5570508 B2 JP5570508 B2 JP 5570508B2 JP 2011519389 A JP2011519389 A JP 2011519389A JP 2011519389 A JP2011519389 A JP 2011519389A JP 5570508 B2 JP5570508 B2 JP 5570508B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- fuel
- catalyst area
- gas
- effective catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 198
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
(1/2)O2+2H++2e-→H2O (2)
H2+(1/2)O2→H2O (3)
H2→2H++2e- (4)
2H++2e-→H2 (5)
2Pt+O2→2PtO (6)
2PtO→2Pt+O2 (7)
2H++2e-→H2 (8)
H2→2H++2e- (9)
FC:燃料電池
ASS:酸化ガス供給系
AS1:フィルタ
AS2:エアコンプレッサ
AS3:酸化ガス流路
AS4:酸化オフガス流路
AS5:加湿器
A3:背圧調整弁
CS:冷却系
CS1:ラジエータ
CS2:冷却液ポンプ
CS3:冷却液往路
CS4:冷却液復路
FSS:燃料ガス供給系
FS1:燃料ガス供給源
FS2:インジェクタ
FS3:燃料ガス流路
FS4:循環流路
FS5:循環ポンプ
FS6:排気排水流路
H1:遮断弁
H2:レギュレータ
H3:遮断弁
H4:遮断弁
H5:排気排水弁
ES:電力系
ES1:DC/DCコンバータ
ES2:バッテリ
ES3:トラクションインバータ
ES4:トラクションモータ
ES5:補機類
EC:コントローラ
S1:電圧センサ
S2:電流センサ
S3:SOCセンサ
S4:圧力センサ
S5:水温センサ
ACC:アクセル開度信号
IG:起動信号
VC:車速信号
Claims (3)
- 燃料電池に供給する酸化ガスの供給量を減少させて暖機運転を行う燃料電池システムであって、
燃料電池と、前記燃料電池への酸化ガス及び燃料ガスの供給量を調整すると共に、前記燃料電池の発電状態を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記燃料電池への酸化ガスの供給量を減少させて暖機運転を行っている間において、前記燃料電池に対して短時間の電圧変動を行って、前記燃料電池の出力電圧と出力電流との関係を示す電流・電圧特性である電流・電圧曲線を取得し、
その取得した電流・電圧特性である電流・電圧曲線が区画する領域の面積に基づいて前記燃料電池の有効触媒面積を算出し、その算出した有効触媒面積が基準触媒面積を下回り、且つ、前記燃料電池の温度が0℃を下回っている場合は、前記燃料電池の暖機運転を継続させる一方、前記有効触媒面積が前記基準触媒面積以上となり、又は、前記燃料電池の温度が0℃以上となった場合は、前記燃料電池の暖機運転を終了させる燃料電池システム。 - 前記制御部は、算出した有効触媒面積に基づいて、前記燃料電池に燃料ガスを循環供給するためのアノード循環系の循環可否を判定する請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記制御部は、算出した有効触媒面積に基づいて前記燃料電池における冷却系の循環可否を判定する請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/061222 WO2010146712A1 (ja) | 2009-06-19 | 2009-06-19 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPWO2010146712A1 JPWO2010146712A1 (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
JP5570508B2 true JP5570508B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
Family
ID=43356050
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011519389A Expired - Fee Related JP5570508B2 (ja) | 2009-06-19 | 2009-06-19 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8092947B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5570508B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102460800B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112009004964B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010146712A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2909284C (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2018-05-01 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system with estimate of current/voltage characteristics during warm-up |
KR101558750B1 (ko) | 2014-03-24 | 2015-10-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 출력 회복 시스템 및 방법 |
JP2020136237A (ja) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-08-31 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 燃料電池システム及び水素循環ポンプ |
JP7238848B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-20 | 2023-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP7302528B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-15 | 2023-07-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
CN113578010A (zh) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 北京市金业新电子技术有限责任公司 | 能动式氢复合器及消氢系统 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004030979A (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006100094A (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JP2008210646A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008226674A (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008305702A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2009259481A (ja) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-11-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の運転方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4533604B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-23 | 2010-09-01 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池の低温起動方法 |
JP2005174645A (ja) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-06-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
KR100551062B1 (ko) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-02-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템, 이에 사용되는 개질기 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN1981400B (zh) * | 2004-07-12 | 2012-04-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料电池用电解质膜、其制造方法以及固体高分子型燃料电池用膜电极接合体 |
US8129073B2 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2012-03-06 | Panasonic Corporation | Catalyst-coated membrane, membrane-electrode assembly, fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
JP2007317437A (ja) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-12-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電池用電極触媒の性能評価方法、探索方法、電池用電極触媒及びその電極触媒を用いた燃料電池 |
JP2008034253A (ja) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-02-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池、および、燃料電池システム |
JP5435320B2 (ja) | 2007-02-09 | 2014-03-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP4905182B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-01 | 2012-03-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5262125B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-17 | 2013-08-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の運転方法 |
JP5262183B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-28 | 2013-08-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
-
2009
- 2009-06-19 CN CN200980159923.9A patent/CN102460800B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-19 US US13/259,962 patent/US8092947B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-19 JP JP2011519389A patent/JP5570508B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-19 WO PCT/JP2009/061222 patent/WO2010146712A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-06-19 DE DE112009004964.8T patent/DE112009004964B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004030979A (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006100094A (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JP2008210646A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008226674A (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008305702A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2009259481A (ja) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-11-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の運転方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010146712A1 (ja) | 2010-12-23 |
DE112009004964T5 (de) | 2012-07-12 |
JPWO2010146712A1 (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
DE112009004964B4 (de) | 2016-02-25 |
US8092947B1 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
CN102460800B (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
US20120015269A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
CN102460800A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8088527B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
KR101859803B1 (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템 및 연료 전지 시스템의 운전 제어 방법 | |
JP4789018B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4827023B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4656539B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US8048580B2 (en) | Fuel cell system with an oxidation gas flow controller | |
US8722266B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
KR101798718B1 (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템 및 연료 전지 시스템의 운전 제어 방법 | |
JP5273595B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US8652699B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP4492824B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5273249B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2010244937A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5570508B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5294097B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4337104B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5110411B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2010262805A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2011070894A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2011036766A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2012099237A (ja) | 燃料電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20121214 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130212 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20130726 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20131021 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20131029 |
|
A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20131227 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20140514 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20140624 |
|
R151 | Written notification of patent or utility model registration |
Ref document number: 5570508 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |