JP5485275B2 - セラミックス材料、このセラミックス材料の製造方法、およびこのセラミックス材料からなる電子セラミックス素子 - Google Patents
セラミックス材料、このセラミックス材料の製造方法、およびこのセラミックス材料からなる電子セラミックス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 60
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxide(2-) Chemical compound [O-2] AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
RT=RNexp[B{(1/T)−(1/TN)}]
または
ρT=ρNexp[B{(1/T)−(1/TN)}]
両式において、RTとρTは、それぞれ、温度Tの下での電気抵抗および抵抗率を示す。RNは、所定の温度TN(例えば25℃に対応する絶対温度)下における電気抵抗を示す。また、B(B定数)は、EA/k(EAは、活性化エネルギー、kはボルツマン定数)に相当する。RTは、幾何学的パラメータ(電流が流れる試料の断面積Akと電流が流れる2つの断面間の距離Lk)を用いると、RT=ρT(Lk/Ak)と表すことができる。活性化エネルギーとは、ポラロンが伝導するためのエネルギーをいい、所定の温度範囲、例えば25〜100℃の範囲について、B25/100℃のように示される。
α=(1/ρT)(dρT/dT)=−B/T2
[SE1−xM(II)x][Cr(III)1−x−y−z−2rCr(IV)x+rZn(II)rR1 yLz]O3
または式
[SE1−x−pM(II)x+p][Cr(III)1−x−y−zCr(IV)xR2(IV)pR1 yLz−p]O3(ここで、r=0のときは、R2=R2(IV)=Geおよび/またはSnであり、Cr(III)/Cr(IV)比に拘束されるポラロンの構成比率は、一定に保たれる。)で表される。すなわち、3価の陽イオンRおよびL(例えばL=Al)の代わりに、4価のGeおよび/またはSnを部分的に導入し、荷電粒子の中心的存在であるポラロンの位置エネルギーの分布(したがって、B定数)に大きな不規則性を生じさせることにより、電気抵抗を増大させるのである。
A [Y0.95Ca0.05] [Cr(III)0.09Cr(IV)0.055Zn(II)0.005Al(III)0.85]O3
B [Y0.95Ca0.05] [Cr(III)0.08Cr(IV)0.06Zn(II)0.01Al(III)0.85]O3
C [Y0.945Ca0.055] [Cr(III)0.10Cr(IV)0.05Ge(IV)0.005Al(III)0.845]O3
D [Y0.94Ca0.06] [Cr(III)0.10Cr(IV)0.05Ge(IV)0.01Al(III)0.84]O3
E [Y0.945Ca0.055] [Cr(III)0.10Cr(IV)0.05Sn(IV)0.005Al(III)0.845]O3
F [Y0.94Ca0.06] [Cr(III)0.10Cr(IV)0.05Sn(IV)0.01Al(III)0.84]O3
G [Y0.97Ca0.03] [Cr(III)0.12Cr(IV)0.03Fe(III)0.85]O3
H [Y0.97Ca0.03] [Cr(III)0.12Cr(IV)0.03Mn(III)0.085Al(III)0.765]O3 または
[Y0.97Ca0.03] [Cr(III)0.15Mn(IV)0.03Mn(III)0.055Al(III)0.765]O3
A: 64.22% Y2O3, 3.00% CaCO3, 6.60% Cr2O3, 0.24% ZnO, 25.94% Al2O3
B: 64.21% Y2O3, 3.00% CaCO3, 6.37% Cr2O3, 0.49% ZnO, 25.94% Al2O3
C: 63.81% Y2O3, 3.29% CaCO3, 6.82% Cr2O3, 0.31% GeO2, 25.76% Al2O3
D: 63.40% Y2O3, 3.59% CaCO3, 6.81% Cr2O3, 0.63% GeO2, 25.58% Al2O3
E: 63.72% Y2O3, 3.29% CaCO3, 6.81% Cr2O3, 0.45% SnO2, 25.73% Al2O3
F: 63.22% Y2O3, 3.58% CaCO3, 6.79% Cr2O3, 0.90% SnO2, 25.51% Al2O3
G: 57.10% Y2O3, 1.57% CaCO3, 5.94% Cr2O3, 35.39% Fe2O3
H: 64.56% Y2O3, 1.77% CaCO3, 6.72% Cr2O3, 22.99% Al2O3, 3.96% Mn2O3
2 セラミックス本体
10 第1の電気接続部
15 第2の電気接続部
A〜F 試料A〜Fの抵抗−温度特性曲線
G,H 比較例の抵抗−温度特性曲線
Claims (15)
- 一般式[SE1-xM(II)x][Cr1-y-zRyLz]O3(ここで、SEは一または複数の希土類元素、M(II)は酸化数+2の一または複数の金属元素、LはAlおよび/またはGa、RはFe,Zn,GeおよびSnから選択される一または複数の金属元素であり、0<x<1、0<y<1、0.5<z<1、y+z<1、0.1<1−y−z<0.2である)で表されるセラミックス材料。
- 前記SEは、Y,Ce,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,YbおよびLuから選択される一または複数の希土類元素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 前記M(II)は、Mg,Ca,SrおよびBaから選択される一または複数の金属元素であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 前記Rは、Fe、またはFeを含む複数の金属元素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 前記Rは、Zn、またはZnを含む複数の金属元素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 前記Rは、Ge、またはGeを含む複数の金属元素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 前記Rは、Sn、またはSnを含む複数の金属元素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス材料。
- 0.03≦x≦0.5であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料。
- 0<y<0.5であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料。
- 0.5<z<0.9であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料。
- 一般式ABO3で表されるペロブスカイト型の均質な固溶体系をなすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料。
- 負の温度係数をもつことを特徴とする請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料。
- A)SE2O3、M(II)CO3、Cr2O3およびL2O3、ならびに必要に応じてRの酸化物を混合する工程と、
B)前記工程A)で得られた混合物を焼結する工程とを含む請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料の製造方法。 - 請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載のセラミックス材料からなる電子セラミックス素子。
- セラミックス本体(2)と、このセラミックス本体の表面に設けられた2つの電気接続部(10,15)とを有することを特徴とする請求項14に記載の電子セラミックス素子。
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PCT/EP2009/061818 WO2010029156A1 (de) | 2008-09-12 | 2009-09-11 | Keramikmaterial, verfahren zur herstellung eines keramikmaterials und elektrokeramisches bauelement umfassend das keramikmaterial |
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