JP5404906B2 - 再充電可能なリチウム電池のための高電圧負極活性材料 - Google Patents
再充電可能なリチウム電池のための高電圧負極活性材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5404906B2 JP5404906B2 JP2012502472A JP2012502472A JP5404906B2 JP 5404906 B2 JP5404906 B2 JP 5404906B2 JP 2012502472 A JP2012502472 A JP 2012502472A JP 2012502472 A JP2012502472 A JP 2012502472A JP 5404906 B2 JP5404906 B2 JP 5404906B2
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 38
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 50
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910018136 Li 2 Ti 3 O 7 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012072 active phase Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101150111329 ACE-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002992 LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011456 LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007052 Li—Ti—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101710173823 Short transient receptor potential channel 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000683 possible toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- C01G23/003—Titanates
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- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Manganates manganites or permanganates
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/1228—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. LiMnO2, Li[MxMn1-x]O2
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- C01G51/44—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese
- C01G51/50—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(CoxMn1-x)O2, Li(MyCoxMn1-x-y)O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
(Li1.72□2.28)c[Ti3Li0.57]lO8(式中、リチウム原子は、チャネル(c)および八面体側(l)中に分配され、かつ、その際、チャネル中の2.28の空格子点で、電気化学反応におけるリチウム挿入に関しては任意である)によって記載することができる。構造中に挿入された炭素は、3個の酸素平面の形でCO3 2−基を形成することによってチャネルからの四面体リチウム原子を部分的に置換しうる。ラムスデライト相中のリチウム欠失は、リチウム冨化相Li1+xTi2−xO4(0<x≦0.33)の形成によって補われる。
●5〜15Ah/kgの低い不可逆容量;
●優れたサイクル耐性;
●C/10比での50〜90mVの低い分極。
●リチウム化合物、チタン化合物、存在する場合には金属元素化合物、および炭素化合物を含む前駆体混合物の遊星形ボールミル中での反応性機械的粉砕および混合工程;特定の
パラメータ条件(容器装填量、ビーズの数、粉砕速度および粉砕時間)を使用する、
●反応温度までの高い割合の温度勾配を用いての、制御された雰囲気下での一工程熱処理;
●反応温度でのプラトー;
●制御された雰囲気下で室温までの急冷工程。
Li1+xTi2−xO4(0<x≦0.33)のリチウム冨化相の形成によって補われる。
− 安全なサイクル電位を獲得すること;および
− 第1サイクルでの低い不可逆容量による高い可逆性を獲得すること、
を可能すると結論付けることができる。
比較例1(CE1)は、ドープされていないLi2TiO3材料に関する。合成プロセスはセラミック経路により実施される。前駆体Li2CO3(0.5489g)、ナノサイズのTiO2(アナターゼ/ルチル)(1.7805g)の化学量論的混合物の反応性機械的粉砕工程を、Fritschの遊星形ボールミルPulverisette(登録商標)7(スピード8で15分)中で、攪拌ビーズ(agathe beads)(質量は、粉末装入量の10倍である)を用いて実施する。粉末の熱処理は、Ar/H2(95/5)雰囲気下で、1工程の加熱プロセスで、アルミナトレイ中で実施される:加熱勾配は7℃/分で、1時間30分に亘って最終温度工程980℃まで維持し、引き続いての急冷工程は、材料が制御されたガス流下で室温に急冷されるまで実施され、これにより、ラムスデライト構造が安定化する。
実施例2(EX.2)は、本発明による炭素置換されたLi2Ti3O7材料に関する。合成工程はセラミック経路により実施される。前記体Li2CO3(0.5213g)、ナノサイズのTiO2(アナターゼ/ルチル)(1.6911g)、スクロース(0.100g)の化学量論的混合物の反応性機械的粉砕工程は、Fritschの遊星形ボールミルPulverisette(登録商標)7(スピード8で15分)中で、攪拌ビーズ(質量は、粉末装入量の10倍である)を用いて実施する。粉末の熱処理は、Ar/H2(95/5)雰囲気下で1工程の加熱プロセスで、アルミナトレイ中で実施される:温度勾配は7℃/分で、1時間30分に亘って最終温度工程980℃まで維持し、引き続いての急冷工程は、材料が制御されたガス流下で室温に急冷されるまで実施され、これにより、ラムスデライト構造が安定化する。最終的な材料の炭素含量をさらに材料の燃焼により分析する。炭素含量は0.8質量%であり、これは、最終生成物1モルあたりの0.18モルの炭素に相当する。
実施例3〜6(EX.3−6)は、第1表の前駆体の化学量論混合物を用いての炭素置換されたLi 2 Ti 3 O 7 材料に関する。粉砕工程および燃焼工程は、実施例2に示されたものと同一である。
比較例7(CE7)は、別個に形成されたLi2Ti3O7ラムスデライト材料(83.5質量%)、Li4Ti5O12スピネル材料(15質量%)および熱分解された炭素(1.5質量%)の物理的混合物に関する。双方の材料の合成プロセスは、セラミック経路によって実施される。ラムスデライト材料は、前記に示すように980℃で得られ、かつスピネル材料は、その反応温度にしたがって最終温度800℃で合成される。3個の材料のこの物理的混合物は電池中で試験され、かつ本発明による材料と比較した。これについては以下に示す。
実施例8は、一般式Li2+v−4cCcTi3−wFexNiyAlzO7−α(式中、v=−0.14、w=0.14、x=0.025、y=0.1、z=0.025および0.1≦c≦0.465である)による4個の元素により置換されたラムスデライトに関する。Li2CO3(0.4008g)、TiO2(1.3348g)、Fe2O3(0.0116g)、NiO(0.0436g)、Al2O3(0.0072)およびスクロース(0.2000g)の混合物は微細に粉砕し、かつ混合し、引き続いて前記実施例2〜6に示す燃焼プロセスを行った。最終材料の炭素含量は1.33質量%である。そのX−線回折図は、本発明の実施例と同様に、12%のスピネルを示す2個の電気化学的相から成る複合材料を示す。
Claims (12)
- 一般式Li2−4cCcTi3O7(式中、0.1<c<0.5である)もしくは
一般式Li 2+v−4c C c Ti 3−w Fe x M y M’ z O 7−α [式中、MおよびM’は0.5〜0.8Åのイオン半径を有し、かつ酸素を有する八面体構造を形成する金属イオンであり;その際、−0.5≦v≦+0.5;y+z>0;x+y+z=wであり、かつ0<w≦0.3;0.1<c≦(2+v)/4であり;かつαは、関係式2α=−v+4w−3x−ny−n’z(式中、nおよびn’はそれぞれMおよびM’の形式酸化数である)によるMおよびM’の形式酸化数nおよびn’に関する]のいずれかを有する炭素置換されたラムスデライト相およびさらに一般式Li1+xTi2−xO4(式中、0<x≦0.33である)を有するスピネル相を含む、リチウム電池のための複合負極活性材料において、前記活性材料が、0.1モル%を上回るスピネル相を含む、前記活性材料。 - 前記活性材料が、1モル%を上回るスピネル相を含む、請求項1に記載の活性材料。
- MおよびM’がTi3+、Co2+、Co3+、Ni2+、Ni3+、Cu2+、Mg2+、Al3+、In3+、Sn4+、Sb3+、Sb5+から成る群から選択された異なる金属であり、かつ好ましくはM=Ni2+およびM’=Al3+である、請求項1または2に記載の活性材料。
- 1.0〜1.5質量%の炭素含量を有する、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の活性材料。
- 5〜16モル%のスピネル相を含む、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の活性材料。
- 8〜11モル%のスピネル相を含む、請求項5に記載の活性材料。
- 一般式Li2−4cCcTi3O7を有する炭素置換されたラムスデライト相および一般式Li1+xTi2−xO4(式中、0<x≦0.33である)を有するスピネル相の双方を、少なくとも99モル%含む、請求項1に記載の活性材料。
- 請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の活性材料を有する、再充電可能な二次電池。
- ボールミルによるリチウム化合物、チタン化合物、C前駆体化合物および場合によっては鉄化合物ならびにMおよびM’化合物を粉砕および混合する工程、これに引き続いての950℃を上回る温度での焼結プロセス、および焼結した材料の急冷工程を含む、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の複合負極活性材料を製造するための方法において、焼結プロセスを、還元剤を含む気体雰囲気中で実施する、前記方法。
- 還元剤が水素、炭化水素および一酸化炭素から成る群からの1種またはそれ以上である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 還元剤を含む気体雰囲気が、アルゴンガスから成る、請求項9または10に記載の方法。
- 気体雰囲気が、1〜10体積%のH 2 を含むアルゴン−水素混合物から成る、請求項11に記載の方法。
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US61/202,777 | 2009-04-03 | ||
PCT/EP2010/000794 WO2010112103A1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-02-10 | High voltage negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery |
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US11456449B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2022-09-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Electrode for a secondary battery, secondary battery, battery pack and vehicle |
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JP5474695B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-27 | 2014-04-16 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極材料及びリチウム二次電池 |
JP5662261B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-20 | 2015-01-28 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用負極材料製造方法及びリチウム二次電池 |
FR2992956A1 (fr) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-10 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit fondu a base de lithium |
FR2992955A1 (fr) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-10 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit fondu a base de lithium |
KR101627396B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-06-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지의 음극 활물질용 규소 산화물 |
US10505186B2 (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2019-12-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Active material, nonaqueous electrolyte battery, battery pack and battery module |
JP6067902B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-01-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 活物質、非水電解質電池、電池パック、組電池、及び自動車 |
JP7121734B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-21 | 2022-08-18 | インターナショナル アドバンスト リサーチ センター フォー パウダー メタラージ アンド ニュー マテリアルズ(エーアールシーアイ) | リチウムイオン電池用途用高性能チタン酸リチウム負極材料を製造する方法 |
WO2021068033A1 (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-15 | Griffith University | Anode material |
CN115557531B (zh) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-08-04 | 湖北工业大学 | 含钠空位的Na2Ti3O7纳米棒的制备方法和应用 |
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CA2068015A1 (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-12-18 | Michael M. Thackeray | Electrode material |
JP3436600B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-27 | 2003-08-11 | エヌイーシートーキン栃木株式会社 | 二次電池 |
JPH11283624A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池およびその製造方法 |
JP4642960B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-26 | 2011-03-02 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | チタン酸リチウムの製造方法 |
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CA2320661A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-03-26 | Hydro-Quebec | Nouveau procede de synthese de materiaux limpo4 a structure olivine |
JP2003183030A (ja) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-07-03 | National Institute For Materials Science | ラムスデライト型結晶構造を有するリチウムニッケルチタン酸化物、その製造方法、及び該酸化物を用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP3931228B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2007-06-13 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | ラムスデライト型結晶構造を有するリチウムクロムチタン複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
JP4844892B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-09 | 2011-12-28 | ユミコア | リチウム二次電池用の負極活性物質およびこれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP2005340078A (ja) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池用活物質、その製造方法およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP5095179B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-12-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池、リチウムチタン複合酸化物および電池パック |
JP4521431B2 (ja) | 2007-08-10 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質、非水電解質電池および電池パック |
JP5178111B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池およびパック電池 |
WO2009074208A2 (fr) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-18 | Umicore | Materiau d'electrode negative pour batteries li-ion |
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US11456449B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2022-09-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Electrode for a secondary battery, secondary battery, battery pack and vehicle |
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TW201042806A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2415105A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
WO2010112103A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
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CN102396090A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
EP2415105B1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
CA2752859A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
US8628694B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
JP2012522339A (ja) | 2012-09-20 |
TWI450435B (zh) | 2014-08-21 |
KR101340821B1 (ko) | 2013-12-11 |
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CN102396090B (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
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