JP5404774B2 - Coシフト触媒、coシフト反応装置及びガス化ガスの精製方法 - Google Patents
Coシフト触媒、coシフト反応装置及びガス化ガスの精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5404774B2 JP5404774B2 JP2011508173A JP2011508173A JP5404774B2 JP 5404774 B2 JP5404774 B2 JP 5404774B2 JP 2011508173 A JP2011508173 A JP 2011508173A JP 2011508173 A JP2011508173 A JP 2011508173A JP 5404774 B2 JP5404774 B2 JP 5404774B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 119
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 52
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 18
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium;bis(sulfanylidene)molybdenum;sulfanide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[SH-].[SH-].S=[Mo]=S ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012378 ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H azane;dihydroxy(dioxo)molybdenum;trioxomolybdenum;tetrahydrate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H molybdenum;hexachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mo] PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJMAITQRABEEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(phenylmethoxymethyl)-1,4-dioxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O1C(COC(=O)C)COCC1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 VJMAITQRABEEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000349 titanium oxysulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/882—Molybdenum and cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8871—Rare earth metals or actinides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/12—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
- C01B3/16—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/52—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/024—Dust removal by filtration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/12—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting including the revival of the used wash liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
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Description
一方、石炭を付加価値の高いエネルギー媒体として、変換するためには石炭ガス化技術、ガス精製技術など高度な技術が必要とされる。
このガス化ガスを用いて発電する石炭ガス化複合発電システムが提案されている(特許文献1)。
この石炭ガス化複合発電(Integrated coal. Gasification Combined Cycle:IGCC)とは、石炭を高温高圧のガス化炉で可燃性ガスに転換し、そのガス化ガスを燃料としてガスタービンと蒸気タービンとによる複合発電を行うシステムをいう。
このCOシフト反応は、下記式(1)の反応により有用成分であるCO2とH2とを得るようにしている。
CO+H2O→CO2+H2…(1)
なお、このCOシフト反応を促進する触媒として種々のCOシフト触媒が提案されており、例えば酸化アルミ質担体に担持したモリブデン(Mo)−コバルト(Co)系触媒が例示される(特許文献1)。
モリブデン(Mo)及びコバルト(Co)の両方を活性成分とすると共に、
この活性成分を担持する担体が、下記(a)〜(g)のいずれか一種であり、
(a)ジルコニウム(Zr)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(b)チタン(Ti)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
(c)セリウム(Ce)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(d)セリウム(Ce)とジルコニウム(Zr)との複合酸化物、
(e)珪素(Si)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
(f)珪素(Si)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(g)ジルコニウム(Zr)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
且つ
前記モリブデン(Mo)の添加量が6〜18重量%であり、
前記コバルト(Co)の添加量が2〜9重量%であることを特徴とするCOシフト触媒にある。
また、既存反応設備に用いる場合も、スリップハロゲン化物に対する耐性を有するので、信頼性の向上を図ることができる。
図1に示すように、ガス化ガス精製システム10は、燃料Fである石炭をガス化するガス化炉11と、生成ガスであるガス化ガス12中の煤塵を除去するフィルタ13と、ガス化ガス12中のCOをCO2に変換するCOシフト触媒14を備えたCOシフト反応装置15と、COシフト反応後のガス化ガス12中のハロゲンを除去する湿式スクラバ装置16と、ガス化ガス12の温度を下げる第1の熱交換器17と、熱交換後のガス化ガス12中のCO2を吸収する吸収塔18Aと再生する再生塔18Bからなるガス精製装置18とを具備するものである。
図1中、符号20は再生過熱器、21はガス化ガス12を加熱する第2の熱交換器、22は水蒸気を図示する。
また、前記担体が、これらの少なくとも二種の元素が存在する複合酸化物を含むようにしてもよい。なお、複合酸化物と混合物とが併存する場合も含まれる。
ここで、得られる複合酸化物としては、例えばTiO2-ZrO2、TiO2-SiO2、TiO2-CeO2、CeO2-ZrO2、SiO2−ZrO2等の複合酸化物を例示することができる。
コバルト(Co)の添加量としては、1〜30重量%が好ましく、特に好ましくは2〜9重量%とするのが良い。
ここで、前記ガス精製装置は、CO2やH2Sを化学的吸着法による精製や物理的吸着による精製等種々の方法が提案されており、特に限定されるものではない。
以下、本発明の効果を示す試験例について説明する。
石原産業社製の酸化チタン(TiO2(「MC−90」商品名))を83.3g、磁製皿に入れ、100mlの水に溶かした硝酸コバルト・6水和物とモリブデン酸アンモニウム・4水和物を、最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してCoOが4wt%、MoO3が13wt%担持されるように添加後、磁製皿上で蒸発乾固含浸した。
そして、得られた粉末を乾燥器で完全に乾燥後、500℃で3時間(昇温速度100℃/h)焼成を施すことにより粉末触媒1-1を得た。なお、本試験例のCoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)は4/13である。
得られた粉末触媒1−1を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕した後、篩い分けして触媒1−1(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:TiO2)を得た。
石原産業社製の酸化チタン(TiO2(「MC−90」商品名))を83.3g、3Lの水が入ったビーカーに入れ、その中に硝酸コバルト・6水和物を最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してCoOが4wt%となるように添加する。
ビーカー内を攪拌して硝酸コバルトを溶解後、攪拌を継続した状態で炭酸ナトリウム2.5mol%を水2Lに溶解させた溶液を滴下し、沈殿させる。
次に、モリブデン酸アンモニウム・4水和物を最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してMoO3が13wt%担持されるように添加し、攪拌溶解する。
そして、攪拌を継続した状態で1規定の硝酸水溶液を滴下し、沈殿させる。
最後に、遠心分離機で洗浄ろ過、乾燥後、500℃で3時間(昇温速度100℃/h)焼成を施すことにより粉末触媒1−2を得た。なお、本試験例のCoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)は4/13である。
得られた粉末触媒1−2を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕した後、篩い分けして触媒1−2(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:TiO2)を得た。
林純薬社製の硫酸チタニル(TiOSO4(TiO2=32%含有))を260.3g、3Lの水が入ったビーカーに入れ、その中に硝酸コバルト・6水和物を最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してCoOが4wt%となるように添加する。
ビーカー内を攪拌して硝酸コバルトを溶解後、攪拌を継続した状態で炭酸ナトリウム2.5mol%を水2Lに溶解させた溶液を滴下し、沈殿させる。
次に、モリブデン酸アンモニウム・4水和物を最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してMoO3が13wt%担持されるように添加し、攪拌溶解する。
そして、攪拌を継続した状態で1規定の硝酸水溶液を滴下し、沈殿させる。
最後に、遠心分離機で洗浄ろ過、乾燥後、500℃で3時間(昇温速度100℃/h)焼成を施すことにより粉末触媒1−3を得た。なお、本試験例のCoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)は4/13である。
得られた粉末触媒1−3を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕した後、篩い分けして触媒1−3(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:TiO2)を得た。
石原産業社製の酸化チタン(TiO2(「MC−90」商品名))を83.3g、3Lの水が入ったビーカーに入れ、攪拌しながら1mol・Lの塩酸水溶液を10ml加えた後、硝酸コバルト・6水和物と塩化モリブデンを、最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してCoOが4wt%、MoO3が13wt%となるように添加する。
その後、80℃×4時間攪拌加熱後、0.5%のアンモニア水溶液を150ml加えてゲル化沈殿物を得た。
最後に、遠心分離機で洗浄ろ過、乾燥後、500℃で3時間(昇温速度100℃/h)焼成を施すことにより粉末触媒1−4を得た。なお、本試験例のCoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)は4/13である。
得られた粉末触媒1−4を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒1−4(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:TiO2)を得た。
3Lの水が入ったビーカーに、攪拌しながら1mol・Lの塩酸水溶液を10ml加えた後、硝酸コバルト・6水和物と塩化モリブデンを、最終的に得られる全粉末量に対してCoOが4wt%、MoO3が13wt%となるように添加する。
その後、80℃×5時間攪拌加熱後、チタニウムイソプロポキシド(Ti(Oi-C3H7)4)を283.9g入れてさらに1時間熟成することでゲル化沈殿物を得た。
最後に、遠心分離機で洗浄ろ過、乾燥後、500℃で3時間(昇温速度100℃/h)焼成を施すことにより粉末触媒1−5を得た。なお、本試験例のCoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)は4/13である。
得られた粉末触媒1−5を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒1−5(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:TiO2)を得た。
試験例1のTiO2を、林純薬社製の酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)に代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を2/10に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−1と同様に操作して、粉末触媒2を得た。
最後に、得られた粉末触媒2を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒2(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:ZrO2)を得た。
次に、試験例1のTiO2/MoO3原料を、15%ZrO2−85TiO2複合酸化物/チオモリブデン酸アンモニウムに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を5/11に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−1と同様に操作して、粉末触媒3を得た。
最後に、得られた粉末触媒3を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒3(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:ZrO2/TiO2)を得た。
次に、試験例1のTiO2/MoO3原料を、80TiO2−20Al2O3複合酸化物/塩化コバルト/チオモリブデン酸アンモニウムに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を4/13に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−1と同様に操作して、粉末触媒4を得た。
試験例1−2のTiO2/MoO3原料を、20CeO2−80TiO2複合酸化物/モリブド燐酸に代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を9/6に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−2と同様に操作して粉末触媒5を得た。
得られた粉末触媒5を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒5(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:CeO2/TiO2)を得た。
次に、試験例1−2のTiO2/MoO3原料を、80OCeO2−20ZrO2複合酸化物/塩化コバルト/チオモリブデン酸アンモニウムに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を4/15に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−2と同様にして粉末触媒6を得た。
得られた粉末触媒6を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒6(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:CeO2/ZrO2)を得た。
次に、試験例1−2のTiO2/MoO3原料を、15SiO2−85Al2O3複合酸化物/硫酸コバルトに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を3/12に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−2と同様にして粉末触媒7を得た。
得られた粉末触媒7を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒7(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:SiO2/Al2O3)を得た。
次に、試験例1−2のTiO2/MoO3原料を、95TiO-2−5SiO2複合酸化物/硫酸コバルトに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を5/7に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−2と同様にして粉末触媒8を得た。
得られた粉末触媒8を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒8(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:SiO2/TiO2)を得た。
試験例1−4のTiO2/MoO3原料を、第一希元素化学製CeO2/酢酸コバルト/モリブデン酸ナトリウムに代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を7/8に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−4と同様にして粉末触媒9を得た。
次に、得られた粉末触媒9を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒9(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:CeO2)を得た。
次に、試験例1−4のTiO2/MoO3原料を、10ZrO2−90Al2O3複合酸化物/酢酸コバルト/モリブド燐酸に代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を8/18に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−4と同様にして粉末触媒10を得た。
次に、得られた粉末触媒10を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒10(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:ZrO2/Al2O3)を得た。
試験例1−5のTiO2原料を、珪酸エチルSi(OC2H5)4に代え、CoO/MoO3の担持量(wt%/wt%)を6/14に代えたこと以外は、試験例1−5と同様にして粉末触媒11を得た。
得られた粉末触媒11を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして触媒11(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:SiO2)を得た。
試験例1−1のTiO2を林純薬製Al2O3に代えた事以外は、試験例1−1と同様にして比較粉末触媒1を得た。
次に、得られた比較粉末触媒1を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして比較触媒1(触媒成分:Mo、Co;担体成分:Al2O3)を得た。
炭酸ナトリウム2.5mol%を水2Lに溶解させ、60℃に保温してこのアルカリ溶液をAとした。次に硝酸アルミニウム0.123mol及び硝酸亜鉛0.092molを水400mlに溶解させ、60℃に保温した酸性溶液を溶液Bとした。また、硝酸銅0.22molを水400mlに溶かして60℃に保温した酸性溶液を溶液Cとした。
まず、攪拌しながら溶液Aに溶液Bを30分にわたり均一に滴下し沈殿生成液Dを得た。次に、溶液Cを前記の沈殿生成液Dに30分にわたり均一に滴下し、アルミニウム、亜鉛及び銅を含有した沈殿生成液Fを得た。
沈殿生成液Fを、2時間そのまま攪拌することにより熟成を行い、次に沈殿生成液Fのろ液及びNaイオン、NOイオンが検出されないように、十分に洗浄した。さらに、100℃で24時間乾燥し、その後、300℃で3時間焼成することにより比較粉末触媒を得た。この比較粉末触媒を比較粉末触媒2とした。
次に、得られた比較粉末触媒2を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして比較触媒2(触媒成分:Cu、Zn;担体成分:Al2O3)を得た。
比較例2の硝酸アルミニウムを0.098mol、硝酸亜鉛の代わりに硝酸第二鉄を0.144mol、硝酸銅の代わりに硝酸クロムを0.079molに代えた事以外は、比較例2と同様にして比較粉末触媒3を得た。
次に、得られた比較粉末触媒3を30tonの加圧成形器で粉末を固定化させた後、粒径が2〜4mmの範囲となるように破砕後篩い分けして比較触媒3(触媒成分:Cr、Fe;担体成分:Al2O3)を得た。
ここで、評価条件としては、H2/CO/CO2=30/50/20mol%、S/CO=2.0、圧力0.1PMa、温度350℃とした。ガス量は1,500h-1(23.7L/h)とした。
また、触媒活性の比較は、触媒層入口、出口のガス流量変化で、下記に示すCO転化率と定義するパラメータとした。
また、塩化水素の暴露試験は、HCl濃度100ppmで150時間後のCO転化率を求めた。
この結果を表1に示す。
これにより、ハロゲン耐性のCOシフト触媒として用いて有効であることが判明した。
試験例1−1で得られた粉末触媒1−1の100部に対してカオリン50部、酢酸セルロース10部及びイオン交換水を添加して、大気中で混練りを5分行い、真空中で混練りを5分行なった後、4.2mmp(ここで、pはガスが流通する目開きと内壁値を足した値)、内壁厚0.6mmの格子状口金を用いて押出した後、乾燥して500℃で2時間焼成することでハニカム状の触媒12を得た。
試験例12の粉末触媒1−1を粉末触媒8に代えたこと以外は、試験例12と同様に操作してハニカム状の触媒13を得た。
試験例12の粉末触媒1−1を比較粉末触媒1に代えたこと以外は、試験例12と同様に操作してハニカム状の比較触媒4を得た。
11 ガス化炉
12 ガス化ガス
13 フィルタ
14 COシフト触媒
15 COシフト反応装置
16 湿式スクラバ装置
17 第1の熱交換器
18 ガス精製装置
Claims (3)
- 石炭ガス化ガス中の一酸化炭素(CO)を改質するCOシフト触媒であって、
モリブデン(Mo)及びコバルト(Co)の両方を活性成分とすると共に、
この活性成分を担持する担体が、下記(a)〜(g)のいずれか一種であり、
(a)ジルコニウム(Zr)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(b)チタン(Ti)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
(c)セリウム(Ce)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(d)セリウム(Ce)とジルコニウム(Zr)との複合酸化物、
(e)珪素(Si)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
(f)珪素(Si)とチタン(Ti)との複合酸化物、
(g)ジルコニウム(Zr)とアルミニウム(Al)との複合酸化物、
且つ
前記モリブデン(Mo)の添加量が6〜18重量%であり、
前記コバルト(Co)の添加量が2〜9重量%であることを特徴とするCOシフト触媒。 - 請求項1のCOシフト触媒を反応塔内に充填してなることを特徴とするCOシフト反応装置。
- 石炭ガス化炉で得られたハロゲン化物を含むガス化ガス中の煤塵をフィルタで除去した後、
請求項1のCOシフト触媒を用いて、COシフト反応させ、
その後、湿式スクラバ装置によりさらにCOシフト反応後のガス化ガスを浄化し、
次いで、ガス化ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去するガス化ガスの精製方法。
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JP2008155181A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd | 一酸化炭素除去用触媒およびその製造方法 |
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JP2008155181A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd | 一酸化炭素除去用触媒およびその製造方法 |
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