JP5404419B2 - 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜 - Google Patents
固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5404419B2 JP5404419B2 JP2009547059A JP2009547059A JP5404419B2 JP 5404419 B2 JP5404419 B2 JP 5404419B2 JP 2009547059 A JP2009547059 A JP 2009547059A JP 2009547059 A JP2009547059 A JP 2009547059A JP 5404419 B2 JP5404419 B2 JP 5404419B2
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- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- fuel cell
- anion exchange
- polymer electrolyte
- solid polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQBWRFPFAPKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-n-ethylbut-3-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCCN(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BPQBWRFPFAPKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZRKBPWATCKLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-n-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DZRKBPWATCKLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCC SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000885 poly(2-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000075 poly(4-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1058—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1067—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
2;燃料流通孔
3;酸化剤ガス流通孔
4;燃料室側拡散電極
5;酸化剤拡散電極
6;固体高分子電解質(陰イオン交換膜)
7;燃料室
8;酸化剤室
空隙率=[(V−U/X)/V]×100[%]
本発明において、多孔質フィルムの空隙部に充填される炭化水素系陰イオン交換樹脂は、陰イオン交換基を除く母材部分が、架橋された炭化水素系重合体で構成されていることが好ましい。ここで、炭化水素系重合体とは、重合体を構成する主鎖及び側鎖の結合の大部分が、炭素−炭素結合で構成されている重合体を示す。上記主鎖及び側鎖を構成する炭素−炭素結合の間に、エーテル結合、エステル結合、アミド結合、シロキサン結合等の構成原子である酸素、窒素、珪素、硫黄、ホウ素、リン等の炭素以外の元素が少量介在していても良い。また、上記主鎖及び側鎖に結合する元素は、その全てが水素原子である必要はない。上記主鎖及び側鎖に結合する元素は、少量であれば、塩素、臭素、フッ素、ヨウ素等の他の元素、又は他の元素を含む置換基により置換されていても良い。これら、炭素と水素以外の元素の量は、陰イオン交換基を除いた、樹脂を構成する全元素中40モル%以下、好適には10モル%以下が好ましい。
陰イオン交換膜を0.5mol/L−NaCl水溶液に10時間以上浸漬し、塩化物イオン型とした後、0.2mol/L−NaNO3水溶液で硝酸イオン型に置換させた。遊離した塩化物イオンを、硝酸銀水溶液を用いて電位差滴定装置(COMTITE−900、平沼産業株式会社製)で定量した(Amol)。
含水率=100×(W−D)/D[%]
2)多孔質フィルムの平均孔径
ASTM−F316−86に準拠し、ハーフドライ法にて測定した。
多孔質フィルムの体積(Vcm3)と質量(Ug)を測定し、多孔質フィルムの材質であるポリエチレンの樹脂密度を0.9(g/cm3)として、下記の式により算出した。
4)膜抵抗
燃料電池隔膜を0.5mol/L−NaOH水溶液に10時間以上浸漬し、水酸化物イオン型とした。次いで、純水で洗浄した後、室温で24時間以上乾燥した。
R={S×(L×2.0)}×L
R :膜抵抗[Ω・cm2]
L :膜厚[cm]
S :抵抗極間勾配[Ω/cm]
5)水透過度およびエタノール透過度
燃料電池隔膜を0.5mol/L−NaOH水溶液に10時間以上浸漬し、水酸化物イオン型とした後、純水で洗浄して室温で24時間以上乾燥させた。
クロロメチル化−{ポリスチレン‐ポリ(エチレン‐ブチレン)‐ポリスチレン}トリブロック共重合体(スチレン含有量30質量%)を原料として用いて、触媒電極層用バインダー樹脂を合成した。このトリブロック共重合体を、先ず6質量%のトリメチルアミンと25質量%のアセトンを含む水溶液中に室温で16時間浸漬し、さらに0.5mol/L−NaOH水溶液に10時間以上浸漬して触媒電極層用バインダー樹脂を得た。該バインダー樹脂は、重量平均分子量30000で、アニオン交換容量は1.5mmol/g−乾燥樹脂であった。
上記出力電圧の測定後、50℃、0.1A/cm2で連続発電試験を行った。100時間後の出力電圧を測定し、出力電圧の安定性を評価した。
(実施例1〜5)
表1に示した組成表に従って重合性単量体混合物を得た。得られた重合性単量体混合物400gを500mlのガラス容器に入れ、表1に示した各種多孔質フィルム(20cm×20cm)を浸漬した。
表1に示した組成の重合性単量体混合物を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に操作して膜状重合物を得た。
表1に示した多孔質膜、重合性単量体混合物を用い、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1、2の燃料電池隔膜を得た。
実施例1〜3で作製した燃料電池用隔膜を用いて、次のようにして本発明の隔膜/電極接合体を得た。
比較例1、2で作製した燃料電池用隔膜を用いて、実施例8と同様にして隔膜/電極接合体を作製し、水素燃料系での出力評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
実施例1で作製した燃料電池隔膜を用いて、次のようにして本発明の隔膜/電極接合体を得た。
比較例1で作製した燃料電池隔膜を用いて、実施例11と同様にして隔膜/電極接合体を得、この接合体を図1に示す構造の燃料電池セルに組み込んだ。この燃料電池セルの水素燃料系での出力評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
Claims (4)
- 空隙率30〜50%、厚さ5〜15μmの多孔質膜と、
該多孔質膜の空隙に充填してなる架橋度が1〜4モル%である炭化水素系陰イオン交換樹脂と、
からなり、
25℃における水透過度が1600〜5000g・m −2 ・hr −1 、陰イオン交換容量が0.2〜5.0mmol、25℃における含水率が7質量%以上、厚さが5〜15μmであることを特徴とする固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜。 - 請求項1に記載の固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜と、前記固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜の少なくとも1表面に形成した拡散電極とからなる隔膜/電極接合体。
- 拡散電極が、触媒電極層を有する請求項2に記載の隔膜/電極接合体。
- 請求項1に記載の固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜を組込でなる固体高分子電解質型燃料電池。
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PCT/JP2008/072958 WO2009081812A1 (ja) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-12-17 | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池隔膜 |
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JP5312076B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-06 | 2013-10-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5770163B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2015-08-26 | 株式会社トクヤマ | 固体高分子型燃料電池用隔膜の製造方法 |
JP5570864B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-21 | 2014-08-13 | ローム株式会社 | 固体電解コンデンサおよびその製造方法 |
JP2014044940A (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-03-13 | Tokuyama Corp | イオン伝導性付与剤、アノード触媒層、該触媒層を用いて形成する膜−電極接合体、並びに陰イオン交換膜型燃料電池及びその運転方法 |
US20140087275A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Jose Viriato Coelho Vargas | Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cell |
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JP5004525B2 (ja) | 2005-07-01 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社トクヤマ | 燃料電池用隔膜 |
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2008
- 2008-12-17 JP JP2009547059A patent/JP5404419B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-17 EP EP08865146.8A patent/EP2224523B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-12-17 US US12/808,212 patent/US8440366B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-17 KR KR1020107013467A patent/KR20100105612A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-17 WO PCT/JP2008/072958 patent/WO2009081812A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH11335473A (ja) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-07 | Tokuyama Corp | イオン交換膜およびその用途 |
JP2004296409A (ja) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-21 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 高分子電解質複合膜の製造方法 |
JP2005082728A (ja) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-31 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 機能性膜の連続製造方法 |
WO2007072842A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-28 | Tokuyama Corporation | 固体高分子型燃料電池用電解質膜-電極膜接合体及びその製造方法、並びにそれを具備した燃料電池 |
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WO2008120675A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-09 | Tokuyama Corporation | 直接液体燃料型燃料電池用隔膜およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
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JPWO2009081812A1 (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
EP2224523A1 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
EP2224523A4 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
EP2224523B1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
US20100266928A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
WO2009081812A1 (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
US8440366B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 |
KR20100105612A (ko) | 2010-09-29 |
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