JP5346385B2 - 濾過素子およびその製造方法、および水処理装置 - Google Patents
濾過素子およびその製造方法、および水処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 90
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 141
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical group CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
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- B01D71/401—Polymers based on the polymerisation of acrylic acid, e.g. polyacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Description
通常、膜バイオリアクターは、布や繊維管に有機質濾過膜材料を塗布してなる。有機質濾過膜材料は一般的に石油化学材料や高分子であるが、布や繊維管の強度は比較的弱いため、有機質膜バイオリアクターの強度が低く、膜の破裂が発生する可能性があり、特に中空繊維膜の膜繊維が破断しやすく、一部の膜繊維は使用開始後のわずか数ヶ月の内に膜繊維の破断が発生する。一度膜繊維が破断すると、処理された水の水質が悪くなる。膜質が処理効率に影響を与えるようになると、膜素子の交換が必要になり、この場合、廃水処理システムの運行も停止しなければならないし、交換の作業負荷やコストも大きい。特に比較的大型の膜バイオリアクターにとって、膜交換はさらに複雑であり、それに伴う影響もさらに重大である。有機質膜の原材料は石油化学製品であるため、膜交換すると、再生不可能な石油資源を大量に消費するに等しい。石油不足が深刻になるにつれ、この問題も深刻になっていく。さらに、交換された廃棄膜は処理が難しく、有機産業廃棄物なり、二次的な環境汚染および新しい環境負荷をもたらす。有機質膜の偶発的な損傷は防げたとしても、定期的な膜交換に伴う経済的および環境的問題は多大である。膜バイオリアクターの応用の拡大、特に大型の都市廃水処理工場への利用の拡大に伴い、この問題はさらに厳しくなる。したがって、有機質膜バイオリアクターにとって、膜強度が低く、使用寿命が短いことは、膜バイオリアクターの大型化と普及を阻害する要因となり、重要な技術的課題となっている。
本発明は、多くの利点を有し、例えば、透水度が高く、強度が高く、寿命が比較的長く、耐酸性、耐アルカリ性である。
Claims (13)
- 透水性支持体と有機質濾過膜とを含む濾過素子であって、
前記透水性支持体はその表面に有機性材料層を有し、
前記有機質濾過膜は前記有機性材料層の表面を被覆し、かつ前記有機性材料層と結合しており、
前記有機質濾過膜の孔径が0.0015μm〜20μmであり、
前記透水性支持体は骨材と前記骨材を被覆するバインダーとを含み、
前記透水性支持体の骨材は、石英砂(珪砂)、セラミック又はガラスビーズであり、
前記バインダーが有機系バインダーであり、前記有機系バインダーは前記透水性支持体の表面上に前記有機性材料層を形成する、濾過素子。 - 前記有機質濾過膜の主成分は有機質濾過膜材料であり、前記有機質濾過膜材料は、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエーテルスルホン、セルロースアセテート、スルホン化ポリスルホン、スルホン化ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリロニトリルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1記載の濾過素子。
- 前記有機質濾過膜材料を有機溶剤と混合して1〜10%の有機質濾過膜溶液を調製し、前記溶液を前記透水性支持体に塗布することで、前記有機性材料層が形成される、請求項2記載の濾過素子。
- 前記透水性支持体は、その内部にチャンバーを、その表面に出水口を有し、かつ
前記チャンバーが前記出水口と連通する、請求項1記載の濾過素子。 - 前記チャンバーの数が1つであり、かつ
前記透水性支持体の強度を向上するために前記チャンバー内に支持点が設けられている、請求項4記載の濾過素子。 - 前記チャンバーの数が複数であり、
前記チャンバーが柱状体形状であり、前記透水性支持体に沿って平行に配列され、
前記透水性支持体の強度を向上するために隣接する2つのチャンバーの間の各々に隔壁を設けられており、かつ
各チャンバーに対応する位置に出水口をそれぞれに設ける、または前記複数のチャンバーが相互に連通し、共同で前記出水口と連通する、請求項4記載の濾過素子。 - 前記透水性支持体は複数のチャンバーの端面に対応する側壁に集水空間を有しており、かつ前記複数のチャンバーは前記集水空間において相互に連通する;または
前記隣接するチャンバーの間にある隔壁に空洞を有し、前記空洞により前記複数のチャンバーが相互に連通する、請求項6記載の濾過素子。 - 前記透水性支持体が、長方体形状または立方体形状である請求項4〜7のいずれか一項記載の濾過素子。
- 前記透水性支持体は、波型構造を有しており、その波型構造の片側の谷部が、当該片側に対面するもう一方側の対応する山部と繋がって、前記複数のチャンバーが画成される、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項記載の濾過素子。
- 前記有機性材料層が有機系バインダー層であり、前記有機系バインダーは親水性樹脂系バインダーであり、前記親水性樹脂系バインダーは、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタンとポリアクリル酸樹脂からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であり、
前記エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタンとポリアクリル酸樹脂の分子側鎖に親水性のカルボン酸塩、スルホン酸塩、アンモニウム塩、ヒドロキシル基を含有する、または主鎖に非イオン型親水性セグメントを含有する請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の濾過素子。 - 前記有機質濾過膜材料は、親水性基を有し、前記親水性基は、ヒドロキシ基、ラクタム基またはスルホン基である請求項2または請求項3記載の濾過素子。
- 前記有機溶剤は、ジメチルアセトアミド、ホルムアミド、エチレングリコールまたはエチレングリコールフェニルエーテルである、請求項3記載の濾過素子。
- 濾過装置を含む水処理装置であって、前記濾過装置が請求項1〜12のいずれか一項記載の濾過素子を含む、水処理装置。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN200810227443.9 | 2008-11-25 | ||
CN200810227443.9A CN101422701B (zh) | 2008-11-25 | 2008-11-25 | 过滤元件及其制造方法以及水处理装置 |
PCT/CN2009/001275 WO2010060269A1 (zh) | 2008-11-25 | 2009-11-17 | 过滤元件及其制造方法以及水处理装置 |
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JP2012509756A JP2012509756A (ja) | 2012-04-26 |
JP5346385B2 true JP5346385B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
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US (1) | US20110215049A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2301655B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5346385B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101252365B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101422701B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009319638B2 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL212524B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010060269A1 (ja) |
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CN101857304B (zh) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳清华大学研究院 | 用于污水处理的动态过滤膜生物反应器及其过滤方法 |
CN102335555B (zh) * | 2010-07-21 | 2014-03-19 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | 砂基过滤膜板和砂基过滤元件 |
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CN102284213B (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-09-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 污水处理复合滤料的应用 |
CN102383115B (zh) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-04-10 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种渗透镀制备功能梯度复合涂层的方法 |
CN102400114B (zh) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-01 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种管状工件内壁渗透化学镀强化的方法 |
CN103170170B (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-05-20 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | 一种净水器 |
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US4874516A (en) * | 1984-12-29 | 1989-10-17 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | A ceramic filter for semi-ultrafiltration |
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GB9811082D0 (en) * | 1998-05-23 | 1998-07-22 | Scapa Group Plc | Improvements in phase-separation etc.members |
US20010050250A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-12-13 | Olli Hognabba | Corrosion-resistant filter element |
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US7165682B1 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-01-23 | Accord Partner Limited | Defect free composite membranes, method for producing said membranes and use of the same |
KR20060028926A (ko) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-04 | 한국화학연구원 | 에폭시/유리 마이크로스피어가 하이브리드된 매트릭스를이용한 에폭시 수지 조성물의 제조방법 |
CN1272093C (zh) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-08-30 | 浙江大学 | 聚偏氟乙烯平板微孔复合膜的制备方法 |
KR100821486B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-08 | 2008-04-10 | 주식회사 코오롱 | 나노 복합중공사막 및 그의 제조방법 |
CN101422701B (zh) * | 2008-11-25 | 2014-08-06 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | 过滤元件及其制造方法以及水处理装置 |
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CN101422701A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
EP2301655A1 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2301655B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
CN101422701B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
IL212524A0 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
JP2012509756A (ja) | 2012-04-26 |
AU2009319638A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
AU2009319638B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
KR101252365B1 (ko) | 2013-04-08 |
KR20110011709A (ko) | 2011-02-08 |
IL212524B (en) | 2018-10-31 |
EP2301655A4 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
US20110215049A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
WO2010060269A1 (zh) | 2010-06-03 |
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