JP5319066B2 - アルギン酸塩マトリクス粒子 - Google Patents
アルギン酸塩マトリクス粒子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5319066B2 JP5319066B2 JP2006504187A JP2006504187A JP5319066B2 JP 5319066 B2 JP5319066 B2 JP 5319066B2 JP 2006504187 A JP2006504187 A JP 2006504187A JP 2006504187 A JP2006504187 A JP 2006504187A JP 5319066 B2 JP5319066 B2 JP 5319066B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- oil
- particles
- matrix particles
- alginate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 title claims description 54
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 54
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 88
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- -1 tree moss absolute Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
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- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical group CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003016 pheromone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPCTZQVDEJYUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone Chemical compound CC=1OC=CC(=O)C=1O XPCTZQVDEJYUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BZINKQHNSA-N D-Guluronic Acid Chemical group OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BZINKQHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-VANFPWTGSA-N D-mannopyranuronic acid Chemical group OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-VANFPWTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010965 sucrose esters of fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001959 sucrose esters of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010491 tara gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000213 tara gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015192 vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/10—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
- A23L27/12—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof from fruit, e.g. essential oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/70—Fixation, conservation, or encapsulation of flavouring agents
- A23L27/72—Encapsulation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/30—Encapsulation of particles, e.g. foodstuff additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Description
封入技術はしばしば、繊細な活性物を過酷な環境から保護する手段として、および要求に応じて時間依存性の方法でかかる材料を放出するために用いられる。
かかるマトリクス粒子は、一般的に水中油滴型の乳液から形成され、ここでマトリクス形成ポリマーは水溶性であり、連続相を形成し、そしてオイルは不連続相を形成する。かかるマトリクス粒子の形成に特に有用なポリマーは、アルギン酸塩である。アルギン酸塩は、高水溶性であり、したがって調製するのが容易である。加えて、それらは容易に架橋され、不水溶性マトリクスを形成する。
架橋後に不水溶性粒子を提供するためにアルギン酸塩を使用するマトリクス粒子は、例えば、WO 98/15191からおよびWO 98/15192において既知である。
このように、高い積載効率を示すマトリクス粒子を生産することが可能であり、低量の表面オイルを有する粒子を生産することが可能である。マトリクス粒子は典型的に、60%のオイルを乳液に使用した場合、約48〜56%の総オイル含有量(マトリクス粒子内のオイルおよび表面オイル)を有する(上記のNMR試験に従って測定)。
本出願において使用する「マトリクス粒子」とは、連続相としておよびマトリクス材料として、ポリマー、ならびに不連続相において、マトリクス内に分散したオイル、例えば多数の油滴を含む粒子のことである。親水性マトリクス材料は、例えば、塩橋の形成により架橋され、架橋マトリクス粒子を形成し、それにより、不水溶性になる。
好ましいオイルは、植物油、GRAS植物油、鉱物油、ミグリオール(miglyol)オイル、および良好なフレーバー溶剤特性を有する他のオイル、またはそれらの組み合わせである。オイルは、それ自体活性でもよく、または活性物を含有してもよく、あるいは活性物を、マトリクス粒子の形成後、それらに積載してもよい。
マトリクス粒子は、直径5〜2000μm、好ましくは10〜1000μm、より好ましくは20〜600μmの粒径の範囲であってもよい。マトリクス粒子は、実質的に水に不溶性である。以下に記載の本発明の方法において、マトリクス粒度および粒径分布範囲は、方法の選択および方法パラメータの調節に依存する所望の用途に従って調節してもよい。
好ましい安定剤は、アカシアゴム(例えばセネガルまたはセヤル)、アラビアゴム(例えばセヤルまたはセネガル)、マルチデキストリン、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、キサンタンガム、カラヤゴム、タラガム、ゲランガム、トラガカント、カラギーナン、および他のゴム類などの植物ゴムである。
被覆剤は、水中で不溶性または難溶解性である材料であってもよい。それらは、マトリクス粒子に適用するとき、フィルム好ましくは連続フィルムを形成し、それにより封入した材料のマトリクス粒子から周囲の溶剤への漏出を防止する。被覆剤を適用するためにスプレーコーティングを使用する場合、被覆材料を、アルコール溶液、例えばエタノールに可溶であるべきである。被覆材料は、タンパク質、炭水化物、脂質またはこれらの組み合わせを含む。好適な材料は、当業者に周知であり、"CRC Handbook of Food Additives"、Thomas E. Furia、CRC Press中に、Ray C. Roweによる"Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients", Pharmaceutical Press中に、またはSusan C. Smolinskeによる"CRC Handbook of Food、Drug and Cosmetic Excipients", CRC Press中に見出されるだろう。被覆剤を、スプレーコーティング、パンコーティング、流動床被覆、空気懸濁被覆、混合、乾式混合、または圧力積載などの周知の方法を使用して適用してもよい。
i)ポリマー、充填剤、およびオイルを含む乳液の形成
ii)親水性ポリマーおよび充填剤を含有する連続相を含み、オイルを含有する不連続相をさらに含む、マトリクス粒子の形成
iii)ポリマーを架橋することによる前記マトリクス粒子の硬化
iv)架橋マトリクス粒子の乾燥
1)アルギン酸塩、充填剤、およびオイルを含む乳液の形成
2)アルギン酸塩および充填剤を含有する連続相ならびにオイルを含有する不連続相を含む、マトリクス粒子の形成
3)アルギン酸塩を架橋することによるマトリクス粒子の硬化
4)形成した架橋マトリクス粒子の乾燥
アルギン酸塩、充填剤、および水を含む混合物を形成する。アルギン酸塩および充填剤の比率は、約10%の充填剤(90%のアルギン酸塩)から80%の充填剤(20%のアルギン酸塩)であってもよい。好ましくは、比率は、重量で約25%の充填剤(75%のアルギン酸塩)から約66%の充填剤(33%のアルギン酸塩)、より好ましくは33%の充填剤(66%のアルギン酸塩)から約66%の充填剤、さらにより好ましくは約40%の充填剤(60%のアルギン酸塩)から約60%の充填剤(40%のアルギン酸塩)。最も好ましくは、45%〜55%の充填剤が、アルギン酸塩に対して存在する。
SD2法において、任意で安定剤を追加する。TE法は安定剤を含まなくてもよい。
アルギン酸塩は、1〜10%(wt/wt)溶液、好ましくは3〜4%(wt/wt)溶液、および最も好ましくは1.5〜2.5%(wt/wt)溶液として水中に存在してもよい。アルギン酸塩の種類、例えばその分子量およびそのコポリマー組成物に依存して、溶液は、形成される乳液の粘度に影響を与えるために、多かれ少なかれ濃縮されなければならないだろう。
o/w乳液を形成するための好適な均質化方法は、直ちに当業者に明らかであり、ホモジナイザーまたは他の高剪断混合装置の使用を含む。
本発明の一態様において、マトリクス粒子をSD2法により生産する。SD2法は、上記1)の下で説明したように、乳液の形成を含む。乳液を、好ましくは安定剤の添加により安定化させる。該方法は、下記に説明するように、さらに段階2)および3)を含む。
アルギン酸塩乳液を、第一噴霧乾燥段階において噴霧乾燥する。得られる噴霧乾燥した粒子の粒径を、当業者に明らかであるように、それぞれの噴霧乾燥方法を調節することにより、例えば、ノズルまたは回転盤を調節することにより、制御する。噴霧乾燥中に形成された粒子は、約20〜150μm、好ましくは20〜100、最も好ましくは約20〜70μmの直径を有してもよい。噴霧乾燥した粒子を収集する。
好適な噴霧乾燥方法は、当業者に明らかであり、噴霧乾燥、ベルト乾燥、噴霧乾燥およびベルト乾燥の組み合わせ、例えばFiltermat(登録商標)システム、空気噴霧、多段乾燥機、高圧噴霧、および回転盤噴霧を含むが、それらに限定されない。
収集した噴霧乾燥した粒子を、架橋アルギン酸塩により硬化する。前記粒子を、多価陽イオン、例えばカルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、鉄、銀、アルミニウム、マンガン、銅および亜鉛のイオン、好ましくはカルシウムの溶液に導入し、該溶液は、0.9〜10%、好ましくは0.9〜2%の塩化カルシウムであってもよい。溶液は、水またはアルコール、好ましくはエタノール、または水およびアルコールの混合物などの好適な液体中にあってもよい。水対アルコール比は、用途に依存する。より多くの水を使用する場合、得られるマトリクス粒子はより安定している。アルコールが多いほど、表面オイルの量が低下するが、また、粒子内部からオイルを抽出するだろう。水対アルコールの50:50(wt/wt)の比率が、ほとんどの用途において好適である。
段階3)から得られる架橋粒子は、本発明のマトリクス粒子を得るための第二乾燥段階の対象である。これを、噴霧乾燥により行ってもよい。架橋粒子を破壊しないために、低剪断力を有する噴霧乾燥方法が好ましい。好適な方法は、直ちに当業者に明らかである。例えば、低剪断ポジティブディスプレースポンプを有する噴霧乾燥機をロータリーアトマイザーホイール(rotary atomiser wheel)と組み合わせて使用することができる。あるいは、多くの異なるポンプを適用してもよい。あるいは、ロータリーホイールの代わりに、スプレーノズルを使用してもよい。
当業者に明らかであるように、噴霧乾燥した乳液の粒度を、例えば第一噴霧乾燥段階における乳液中の油滴の粒径を調節することにより、それぞれの用途に調節してもよい。
TE法は、より高い充填率のより大きなマトリクス粒子を生産するのに好適であり、アルギン酸塩は加工中に一部洗い流されるかもしれないため、充填剤は特に重大であり、充填剤なしでは、TE法から、容易に崩壊する粒子を得る傾向にある。
上述の段階1)の一次乳液を、かき混ぜながらオイルと混合し、油中水中油滴の乳液である、二次乳液を形成する。一次乳液対オイル(v/v)の比率は、変化に富んでもよい。一次乳液:オイルの好ましい比率は、0.5:1〜1:20、より好ましくは0.75:1〜1:5、最も好ましくは1:1〜1:2である。
この段階およびまた以下の段階において乳液を形成するのに好適なかくはんは、粘度および使用する容器の形状に依存する;それは、当業者に明らかであるように、例えば適宜容器の選択および攪拌速度の調節により、調節してもよい。
硬化した粒子を形成するためにアルギン酸塩を架橋するために、二次乳液を、かき混ぜながら、多価陽イオン、例えばカルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、鉄、銀、アルミニウム、マンガン、銅および亜鉛のイオン、好ましくはカルシウムの塩水に導入する。塩水対二次乳液の比率は、0.7:1〜4:1、好ましくは1.2:1〜3:1、より好ましくは1.5:1〜2.5:1(v/v)である。粒子の硬化には、最低量の多価陽イオンが必要である。アルギン酸塩および塩水の相対量は、変化に富んでもよく、好ましくは塩(saline)固体対アルギン酸塩固体の比率は、6:1〜1:2、好ましくは4:1〜2:1、より好ましくは約3:1(wt/wt)である。塩水の濃度も適宜変化してもよく、好ましくは0.5%〜10%、より好ましくは1%〜5%、最も好ましくは2%〜3%である。溶液は、水またはアルコール、好ましくは エタノール、あるいは水およびアルコールの混合物などの好適な液体中にあってもよい。水対アルコール比は、用途に依存する。より多くの水を使用する場合、得られるマトリクス粒子はより安定する。アルコールが多いほど、表面オイルの量は低下するが、また、粒子内部からオイルを抽出するだろう。水対アルコールの50:50(wt/wt)の比率が、ほとんどの用途において好適である。
塩水の代わりに、周知のように、追加のまたは代替の架橋剤を使用してもよい。
架橋粒子を、SD2法について段階4)の下で説明した方法により乾燥させてもよい。
取扱作業を回避するためおよびコストを最小限に抑えるため、方法がなされるべき最低限の調節を含むことが望ましい。SD2法およびTE法はほとんど、pH調節およびpH3.9より上の広いpH範囲の下で作業する必要はなく、pH制御の必要がない。
その側面の別の面において、本発明は、pHまたは温度の調節なしで作業可能な方法を提供する。
したがって、特に好ましい態様において、本発明は、最低限量の塩化カルシウム、つまり0.7〜2.5%、好ましくは 0.9〜1.5%の塩化カルシウム溶液を、塩水:第二次乳液(v/v)を0.7:1〜4:1、好ましくは1.2:1〜3:1、より好ましくは1.5:1〜2.5:1の比率で使用する方法を提供する。
例1
マトリクス粒子およびミグリオールオイルを含むSD2法
溶液を、水中セルロース、アルギン酸ナトリウムおよびアカシアゴムから調製し、約1時間脱気する。水を、約1000cps以下の粘度に対応する量で添加する。60重量%のミグリオールオイルを添加し、高剪断ミキサーを使用して水中油滴型の乳液を形成する。油滴の粒径分布は、10μm未満がおおよそ95%である。乳液の処方は、以下のとおりである。
12.5% FMC微結晶性セルロース(AVICEL(登録商標))
12.5% アルギン酸ナトリウム(PROTANAL(登録商標))
15% アカシアゴム
60% ミグリオールオイル
および水(1000cps以下の粘度に対応する量)。
収集した噴霧乾燥粒子を、1:1(wt/wt)の比率で1%塩化カルシウム溶液に添加し、低剪断ポジティブディスプレースポンプおよびロータリーアトマイザーホイールを有する噴霧乾燥機で第二噴霧乾燥段階において噴霧乾燥する前に、約1時間放置する。
得られるマトリクス粒子は、2〜4%の水分および直径約20〜100μmの範囲、平均約35〜65μmの粒径分布を有する。マトリクス粒子は、1〜3%より低い表面オイル含有量を有する、均整の取れた円形の、本質的に球形のマトリクス粒子である。最終製品は、水に不溶の粉末である。
SD2法の連続運転(run)のマトリクス粒度分布
粒径分布を、以下のパラメータを有するBeckman Coulter Analyzer、3.01ソフトウェア、2.02ファームウェアを使用して測定および分析した。連続運転時間:30秒、振動器:30、オーガー(auger):40、掩蔽(obscuration):5%。計算は、375μm〜2000μmである。
マトリクス粒子およびミグリオールオイルを含むTE法
一次乳液を、水中MCCおよびアルギン酸塩の溶液を形成することにより、以下に示す原料から調製し、攪拌する。
20% FMC微結晶性セルロース(AVICEL(登録商標))
20% アルギン酸ナトリウム(PROTANAL(登録商標))
60% ミグリオールオイル
および水(25.000cps以下の粘度に対応する量)。
二次乳液を、以下に示す処方にしたがって、10%の背圧でSilversonホモジナイザーを通じて前記乳液をポンプにより、塩水に導入する。
処方(1000部あたりの部、wt/wt):
770部 水
20部 塩化カルシウム(2%カルシウム溶液とするため)
210部 アルギン酸塩一次乳液
混合物を2〜3時間攪拌する。かくはん停止の際、オイルを分離し、再利用用にタンクの最上部から除去する。食塩水を、マトリクス粒子のレベルまで除去する。
Claims (12)
- 架橋したマトリクス内に分散したオイルの複数の含有物を含むマトリクス粒子であり、該マトリクスは、架橋ポリマーと、微結晶性セルロースまたはその誘導体であって、水中で固体粒子の分散体を形成することができる不活性、不溶性および非膨張性の充填剤とを含む、前記マトリクス粒子。
- オイルがフレーバーまたはフレグランスオイルである、請求項1に記載のマトリクス粒子。
- アルギン酸塩およびペクチン、それらの誘導体またはそれらの組み合わせからなる群に由来する架橋ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載のマトリクス粒子。
- 架橋ポリマーが、アルギン酸塩である、請求項1に記載のマトリクス粒子。
- ポリマーに対して2:1〜1:2の比率の充填剤を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子。
- ポリマーに対して1.5:1〜1:1.5の比率の充填剤を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子。
- 不連続相はオイルを含み、粒子は10%(wt/wt)より少ない表面オイルを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子。
- 少なくとも1種の被覆剤を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子。
- 着色剤を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のマトリクス粒子を含む製品。
- ・ 微結晶性セルロースまたはその誘導体であって、水中で固体粒子の分散体を形成することができる不活性、不溶性および非膨張性の充填剤充填剤と、ポリマーおよびオイルとを含む乳液の形成する工程、
・ 乳液を噴霧乾燥して得た粒子のポリマーの架橋により、架橋マトリクス粒子を形成するか、または、乳液をオイルへ添加して得た二次乳液のポリマーの架橋により、架橋マトリクス粒子を形成する工程、
そして
・ 架橋マトリクス粒子を乾燥する工程
を含む、架橋したマトリクス内に分散したオイルの複数の含有物を含むマトリクス粒子の製造方法。 - 請求項11に記載の製造方法により製造される、マトリクス内に分散したオイルの複数の含有物を含むマトリクス粒子。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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GBGB0310673.9A GB0310673D0 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | Alginate matrix particles |
GB0310673.9 | 2003-05-09 | ||
PCT/CH2004/000270 WO2004098318A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-05 | Alginate matrix particles |
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EP (1) | EP1622470B1 (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2521628A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (1)
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DE102021114120A1 (de) | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fahrzeug-fahrzustand-steuervorrichtung und fahrzeug-fahrzustand-steuerverfahren |
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CA2521628A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
US8119175B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
EP1622470B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
CN102746534A (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
GB0310673D0 (en) | 2003-06-11 |
US20060292280A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
EP1622470A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
WO2004098318A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
BRPI0410184B1 (pt) | 2018-09-18 |
JP2013209383A (ja) | 2013-10-10 |
BRPI0410184A (pt) | 2006-05-16 |
CN1784150A (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
JP2006525108A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
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