JP5214464B2 - 多糖類、糖類およびポリオール類の乾燥マトリックスを含む、ガラス形態の、プロバイオティクス細菌用送達媒体およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
多糖類、糖類およびポリオール類の乾燥マトリックスを含む、ガラス形態の、プロバイオティクス細菌用送達媒体およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本開示は一般に、多糖類、糖類およびポリオール類の乾燥マトリックスを含む、ガラス形態の、プロバイオティクス細菌用送達媒体の分野に関する。その製造方法および使用もまた提供される。
本発明は、経口送達用に好適な、ガラス形態の固体マトリックスを含む、組成物および微粒子を製造する方法を包含する。この組成物は、多糖類、糖類、ポリオール、およびプロバイオティクス細菌の組合せを含む。これらの組成物は、高水分活性環境中周囲温度でのより長期の保存寿命安定性、およびプロバイオティクスの胃内保護を提供するように設計される。さらに、このマトリックスの製造方法は、プロバイオティクスの生存度の最少喪失をもたらす工程を含む。
本開示は、多糖類、糖類、ポリオール類およびプロバイオティクス細菌を含む固体ガラスマトリックスである組成物および本組成物の効率的な大規模製造方法に関する。
本明細書において、以下の用語の各々は、本節中の意味に関連する意味を有する。
本発明の基礎は、強力なゲルマトリックスを形成できる多糖類である。このマトリックスは、好ましくは、小片にスライスするか、または薄いスレッド、ストリング、あるいは粒子に形成された後でも、細菌および保存混合物を保持する。さらに、この多糖類マトリックスは、胃内で細菌を保護するが、腸管に沿った作用部位で細菌を放出できる制御放出機序を有することが好ましい。
高アミロース澱粉(100gのNovation、National Starch and Chemical、ブリッジウォーター、ニュージャージー州)を、周囲温度で150mlの水と混合した。次にこの澱粉混合物を、標準的な家庭用ブレンダーを用いて激しく攪拌しながら850mlの沸騰水にゆっくりと加えた。澱粉顆粒の完全分散が見られたら(双眼顕微鏡を用いて)、澱粉溶液を冷却し、次いで300gのトレハロースおよび100gのイソマルト(双方ともCargill Minneapolis、ミネソタ州から)を混合物に溶解した。アルギン酸ナトリウム(15g)をスラリーに加え、全混合物を室温に冷却した。次にLactobacillus paracasei(発酵収穫物から直接の200gの凍結ペースト)を、スラリーに十分に混合し、このスラリーを、18G針を装備したシリンジを用いて、5gのCaCl2、300gのトレハロースおよび100gのイソマルトを含有する1000mlのバス(0〜5℃に保持)に押出した。CaCl2バスは、スラリーを注入しながら緩やかに攪拌した。マトリックスストリングは、30分間架橋させてから、収穫し、ペーパータオル上に吸い取って乾かした。ゲルマトリックスの組成物を表1に提供する。
100gのトレハロースおよび300gのイソマルト(双方ともCargill Minneapolis、ミネソタ州から)を1000mlの水に加え、溶解させた。アルギン酸ナトリウム(15g)をスラリーに混合し、室温に冷却した。次にLactobacillus paracasei(実施例1のとおり200gの凍結ペースト)を、スラリーに加え、次いで5gのリン酸二水素カルシウムおよび5gのグルコノラクトンを加えた。このスラリーを、さらに4時間に亘って室温で架橋させた。堅固なゲルをチーズグラインダに通して薄く長いスレッドにスライスし、ペーパータオル上に吸い取って乾かした。ゲルマトリックスの組成物を表2に提供する。
300gのトレハロース(Cargill Minneapolis、ミネソタ州)および100gのマンニトール(Sigma)を1000mlの水に加え、溶解させた。アルギン酸ナトリウム(15g)およびペクチン(5g)をスラリーに混合し、このスラリーを室温に冷却した。Lactobacillus acidophilus(発酵収穫物から直接の200gの凍結ペースト)を、スラリーに十分に混合した。次にこのスラリーを、18G針を装備したシリンジを介して、5gのCaCl2、300gのトレハロースおよび100gのマンニトールを含有する1000mlのバス(0〜5℃)に押出した。CaCl2バスは、スラリーを押出しながら緩やかに攪拌した。形成されたストリングは、30分間架橋させ、収穫し、ペーパータオル上に吸い取って乾かした。ゲルマトリックスの組成物を表3に提供する。
保存媒体中の最適トレハロース濃度
乾燥粉末L. rhamnosus(LCS−742、森永乳業株式会社、神奈川県、日本国)を、細菌培養培地(L.MRS)中の種々の濃度のトレハロースに加え、層流フード内で周囲温度で3日間乾燥させた。トレハロース濃度の関数として細菌生存度を、3日の乾燥期間の終末に測定した。乾燥細菌粉末または乾燥サンプルを、滅菌50mMのPBS緩衝液pH7.4中に再構成した。ホモジナイズ後、再構成培養物溶液をPBS緩衝液中に希釈し(10倍増量により)、L.MRS寒天上で三通り平板培養した。35℃で48〜72時間インキュベーション後、コロニー形成単位(CFU)数を測定し、L. rhamnosus生存度は、0.5Mの初期トレハロース濃度で最高であることが判明した(図2)。
L. paracaseiの乾燥保存に対する種々の糖アルコール類の効果
L. paracaseiは、保存媒体中の全糖濃度が24%、澱粉濃度が2%であったこと以外、実施例2に記載されたとおり調製し、乾燥した。幾つかの糖アルコール類を、乾燥後の細菌生存度に対する効果に関して試験した。トレハロースおよびソルビトールが、この乾燥および保存工程を用いて細菌に対して最良の保護を提供したことを図3は示している。
L. acidophilusの乾燥保存に対する種々の糖比率の効果
L. acidophilusは、種々の比率のトレハロース/マンニトールまたはトレハロース/イソマルトが用いられ、最終混合物が3種の多糖類(2%澱粉、1%アルギン酸ナトリウムおよび0.5%ペクチン)の組合せを含有したこと以外、実施例3に記載されたとおり乾燥した。減圧乾燥後のL. acidophilusの生存度を図4に示す。全ての場合、保存された細菌は、糖類/ポリオール混合物なしで乾燥された細菌と比較してはるかに大きな生存度を有し、保存混合物に使用された糖類対ポリオールの種々の比率は、L. acidophilusに対して同様の保護能力を生じた。
0%または33%の相対湿度で45℃におけるL. acidophilusの安定性
L. acidophilusは、実施例6に記載されたとおり乾燥した。乾燥細菌を4時間、45℃と0%の相対湿度に設定されるか、または45℃と33%の相対湿度に設定された温度と湿度制御インキュベーターに入れた。細菌の生存度を、温度と湿度への曝露前後に測定した。図5は、多糖類混合物(2%澱粉、1%アルギン酸ナトリウムおよび0.5%ペクチン)がトレハロース/イソマルト単独または遊離細菌よりもさらなる保護を提供したことを示している。
人工胃液中での本発明の組成物の安定性
L. acidophilusおよびL. paracaseiを調製し、実施例2に記載されたとおり乾燥した。次に、乾燥粉末マトリックス−ガラス細菌を、人工胃液(充満胃−12%脱脂乳、2%グルコース、1%酵母抽出物および0.05%システイン;pH2;または空胃−0.32%ペプシン、0.2%塩化ナトリウム、pH1.2)に2時間曝露した。細菌生存度は、人工胃液への曝露前後に記録した。図6および図7は、異なる胃液条件下で本発明の乾燥組成物中の細菌の有意な保護を示している。
300gのトレハロース(Cargill Minneapolis、ミネソタ州)および100gの卵アルブミン(Sigma)を1000mlの水に加え、溶解させた。アルギン酸ナトリウム(15g)およびペクチン(5g)をスラリーに混合し、このスラリーを室温に冷却した。次にLactobacillus GG(発酵収穫物から直接の200gの凍結ペースト)を、スラリーに十分に混合し、次いで5gのリン酸二水素カルシウムおよび5gのグルコノラクトンを加えた。このスラリーを、さらに4時間に亘って室温で架橋させた。堅固なゲルをチーズグラインダに通して薄く長いスレッドにスライスし、ペーパータオル上に吸い取って乾かした。ゲルマトリックスの組成物を表4に提供する。
15%または33%の相対湿度で40℃における本発明の組成物の安定性
Lactobacillus GGは、実施例9に記載されたとおり乾燥した。乾燥細菌を4週間、40℃と0%の相対湿度に設定されるか、または40℃と33%の相対湿度に設定された温度と湿度制御インキュベーターに入れた。細菌の生存度を、7日ごとに測定した。図8は、炭水化物/多糖類/卵アルブミン混合物(30%トレハロース、1.5%アルギン酸ナトリウムおよび0.5%ペクチン)がトレハロース/イソマルト単独または遊離細菌よりもさらなる保護を提供したことを示している。
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Claims (19)
- 少なくとも1つの多糖類、1つ以上の糖類、ポリオール、およびプロバイオティクス細菌を含む、固体ガラス形態の乾燥組成物であって、
前記糖類は、単糖類、二糖類、三糖類およびオリゴ糖類からなる群より選択され、
前記組成物は、減圧下で発泡または氷形成させずに蒸発させて乾燥させたものであり、
前記組成物は、前記プロバイオティクス細菌の胃内保護を提供する、組成物。 - 前記多糖類が、澱粉、ペクチン、キサンタンガム、アルギン酸塩、アルギン酸、キトサン、カラゲナン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、グアーガム、アラビアゴム、ローカストビーンガムおよびそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記多糖類が、架橋されている、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記多糖類が、アルギン酸塩である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記糖類が、二糖類である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記糖類が、トレハロースである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記糖類が、スクロースである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリオールが、マンニトール、ソルビトール、キシリトール、マルチトール、ラクチトールおよびイソマルトからなる群より選択される糖アルコールである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記糖類と前記ポリオールの比率が、3:1から1:3の間である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記糖類がトレハロースであって、該トレハロースと前記ポリオールの比率が、3:1から1:3の間である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記トレハロースと前記ポリオールの比率が、3:1である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリオールが、グリセロール、マンニトール、マルチトール、イソマルト、アドニトール、ラクチトールおよびソルビトールからなる群より選択される、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記プロバイオティクス細菌が、生菌の乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)、ビフィズス菌(Bifidobacterium)、腸球菌(Enterococcus)、プロピオン酸菌(Propionobacterium)、桿菌(Bacillus)および連鎖球菌(Streptococcus)からなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物の製造方法であって、
a)多糖類、糖類、ポリオールおよびプロバイオティクス細菌を含むスラリーを形成する工程と、
b)前記スラリーからゲルマトリックスを形成する工程と、
c)前記ゲルマトリックスを、減圧下で発泡又は氷形成させずに蒸発させて乾燥させ、請求項1に記載の組成物を得る工程と、を含む方法。 - さらに、多糖類を架橋する工程を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物を製造する方法であって、
a)多糖類、糖類およびポリオールを水に溶解させて溶液を形成する工程と、
b)前記溶液にプロバイオティクス細菌を加えてスラリーを形成する工程と、
c)前記スラリーをCa ++ イオンを含むバスと接触させて前記多糖類を架橋し、ゲルマトリックスを得る工程と、
d)得られた前記ゲルマトリックスを真空乾燥機で蒸発させて乾燥させる工程であって、該乾燥機内の温度を前記ゲルマトリックスの凍結温度より高い温度に維持する工程と、
e)第一段階の間、前記乾燥機内の圧力を減少させる工程と、
f)第二段階の間、前記乾燥機内の圧力をさらに減少させる工程と、を含む方法。 - 前記乾燥の第一段階の圧力を2500mTORRまで減少させる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥の第二段階の圧力を100mTORR未満まで減少させる、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記第一段階の圧力を、前記第二段階の圧力まで徐々に減少させる、請求項16に記載の方法。
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2006
- 2006-12-28 EP EP06848247.0A patent/EP1973406B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-12-28 DK DK06848247.0T patent/DK1973406T3/da active
- 2006-12-28 JP JP2008548729A patent/JP5214464B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-28 US US12/159,407 patent/US8097245B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-28 WO PCT/US2006/049434 patent/WO2007079147A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-28 ES ES06848247.0T patent/ES2470340T3/es active Active
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2012
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EP1973406A2 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
WO2007079147A3 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
DK1973406T3 (da) | 2014-06-23 |
EP1973406B1 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
US20090246184A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
US9737578B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
US9044497B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
WO2007079147A2 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
JP2009522280A (ja) | 2009-06-11 |
US20150190439A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
US20120114621A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
EP1973406A4 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
ES2470340T3 (es) | 2014-06-23 |
US8097245B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 |
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