JP5213118B2 - Rice cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating paddy rice by direct sowing.

  The general cultivation method of paddy rice by direct sowing in the field is to cultivate the ground surface by plowing or grooving, etc. Yes.

  That is, in the conventional paddy rice cultivation method, the portion of the cultivation ground where the rice is planted and the other portion are horizontal, and the entire cultivation ground is submerged by flooding.

  By the way, when all of the cultivation ground is submerged, the generation of weeds is suppressed by increasing the water depth, but on flat ground the paddy rice also becomes deep water, so it is not possible to expect an increase in temperature. There is a problem of inviting or hindering the distribution.

  This is because, in cultivation after seedling, weeds are suppressed by increasing the depth of the flood water, but this makes them difficult to breathe by submerging, and prevents light synthesis by shading with rice sugar or green algae. Or by inactivating the growth activity by lowering the water temperature, which is necessary only for weeds and is a burden on rice.

  In other words, the rice increases the number of ears by tilling, but the temperature is important for this tilling, and if all of the cultivation ground is submerged as described above, the temperature control for the rice cannot be sufficiently performed, It will interfere with the growth activity and tillering of rice.

  Then, the subject of this invention provides the temperature and water management from the germination to rice seedling and cultivation to rice, and provides the paddy rice cultivation method which can aim at expansion of the amount of harvest by encouraging tillering of rice. There is. In addition, this invention is a part of the result by the 2007 modeling project in JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency).

  In order to solve the problems as described above, the present invention makes the planting part higher than the other grounds by providing a height difference on the cultivation ground, sowing the planting part, and planting on the cultivation ground The seedlings are nurtured and cultivated by submerging them so that the upper part is not submerged.

  Make sure that the planting part is formed by the straw provided on the cultivation ground or the islands that are scattered, or make a hole in the upper part of the planting part from above, and sow the seed directly in this hole It can be made not to cover.

  Here, if you make a hole from the top in the upper part of the ridges and islands on the cultivation ground, and seed the seed directly in this hole and do not cover the soil, if the seeds are sufficiently moistened, only the condensed water in the morning However, germination is possible, and it can be germinated in a dry rice field without flooding the cultivation ground, and for raising seedlings and cultivation, it is flooded so that the upper part of the straw or the island is not submerged at an appropriate time.

  In addition, in dredging islands and islands, it is only necessary to inundate so that the upper part of the coral and islands will not be submerged. it can.

  As mentioned above, submerging so that the upper part of the coral and the island does not submerge can prevent the seeds from being suffocated by irrigating the hole, and weed germination control around the coral and the island can be obtained. Control and soil permeability make it easy to adjust the water content in the seedling establishment after emergence, and promote rice tillering. By becoming a waterway, the water flow improves root absorption.

  According to this invention, the height of the planting part is set higher than the other ground by providing a height difference on the cultivation ground, seeded on the upper part of the planting part, and submerged so that the upper part of the planting part is not submerged.・ Because it is cultivated, temperature control can be easily performed by adjusting the water level while maintaining the suppression of drought and weeds around the island by flooding, making it easy to adjust the moisture in the seedling establishment at the time of emergence. Encouraging fertility can increase the number of fruits and increase yield.

  In addition, if the root system is not developed by the water around the planting part, you can carry herbicides, early weeding, organic matter with characteristics of late fertilization, lime nitrogen, etc. to a low place, Further, when the root system develops, the roots overhang, and the water flow improves the absorption of the roots, thereby improving the cultivation effect.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in the figure, the paddy rice cultivation method of the present invention provides a height difference in the cultivation ground of the field 1 so that water can be stored, and the planting portion 2 is made higher than the other ground by this height difference, Rice seeds a are sowed on the upper part of the planting part 2, and seedlings and cultivation are carried out by filling the cultivation ground with flooded water b so that the upper part of the planting part 2 is not submerged.

  In the case of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the planting part 2 is formed by the ridges 2 a that are long and continuous, and the examples of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are dotted with embankment-like embankments. It is formed by the arranged island 2b, and a hole 3 is opened from above using a rod-shaped member at the top of the planting part 2, and seeds are directly sown in the hole 3, and the hole 3 is not covered with soil. is there.

  Only one hole 3 provided in the upper part of the planting part 2 may be provided in the upper part of the planting part 2, but when the planting part 2 is a cocoon 2a, as shown in FIG. 3 is a set of a plurality of pieces arranged at regular intervals in the length direction. When the planting part 2 is an island 2b, an appropriate distance is provided above each island 2b as shown in FIG. In this way, if a plurality of holes 3 are set as a set, the seedlings of one hole 3 can stand up and die. There is an advantage that other seedlings can be prevented from being affected.

  Since the hole 3 is not covered with soil after sowing, the hole 3 has a diameter and depth that can prevent bird damage.

  For example, in the case of a cultivation method in which a hole is formed in a stump on the cultivation ground and seeded with rice seeds in this hole, depending on the height of the stump, a normal combine or binder or the like covers a stump of 10 cm or more. Even if seeded in a hole with a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of about 2 cm, bird damage can be prevented. However, as in the case of the present invention, in the case of a coral or an island, if the hole 3 has a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of about 5 cm, The beak of a small bird such as a sparrow does not reach the bottom of the hole, so that the seed a sown in the hole 3 can be protected from bird damage and germination can be obtained without covering the soil. In addition, if the hole 3 becomes deeper than the above and covers it, the seeds will not germinate and the thread will be wound.

  Moreover, the cocoon 2a used as the said planting part 2 forms the groove | channel 4 in which the flood water b accumulates between adjacent cocoons 2a by forming multiple in parallel on the cultivation ground, and in the case of the island 2b, A large number of islands 2b provided at a predetermined interval are arranged in a line, and the periphery of each island 2b is a recess 5 in which the flood water b accumulates.

  Next, the method for direct sowing cultivation of rice according to the present invention will be described.

  If necessary, the cultivation ground of the field 1 is turned upside down by plowing or grooving, etc., and then the ridge 2a and the island 2b are piled up on the cultivation ground to form a planting part 2 with a height difference. Then, a hole 3 is formed in the upper part of the planting part 2 from above, and rice seed a is directly sown in the hole 3 so as not to cover the soil.

  As for irrigation for germination after direct seeding of rice seed a in the hole 3, germination in a dry rice field and germination by pouring water can be selected.

  First, germination in a dry paddy state is to germinate only with condensed water in the morning hole 3 if the seed a contains sufficient water when directly seeding the seed a in the hole 3. Become.

  Next, germination by injection of drowned water is when seed a, straw 2a, and island 2b do not contain sufficient moisture, or when condensation does not easily occur in hole 3, depending on the season. After direct seeding of seed a, water is applied to the groove 4 and the recess 5 of the field 1 so that the upper part of the planting part 2 is not submerged, and water is supplied to the seed a with laterally osmotic water of the seed 2a and island 2b. By doing so, it will germinate.

  At the time of germination of seed a or after germination, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the seed a is not submerged by submerging b so that the upper part of the planting part 2 is not submerged. The surrounding lower part is submerged, the occurrence of suffocation of the seed a is eliminated, the water that has permeated the planting part 2 acts on the seed a to encourage germination and seedling, and the water b in the groove 4 and the recessed part 5 Suppression of weed germination.

  When the groove 4 or the recess 5 is a water channel and rooting is not developed, microorganisms such as rice sugar having herbicide, initial weeding, and late fertilization characteristics are located in the lower portion of the groove 4 and the recess 5. Organic matter, lime nitrogen, etc. that can be decomposed can be carried through the passage, thereby enabling efficient fertilization, and by raising the water level in the grooves 4 and the recesses 5 and by soil permeability, seedling establishment (budding) Thus, moisture adjustment, that is, drying and wetting of the upper part of the planting part 2 can be facilitated, and germination and rooting can be promoted.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, in the cultivation after seedling establishment, the temperature of the seedling A can be raised by adjusting the flood water b so that the upper part of the planting part 2 is not submerged. It is possible to increase tillering, and it is possible to increase the ears by tillering (at the time of planting, even 3 but more than 18 after tilling), and when the root system develops with growth, the roots B protrudes into the water, and the absorption of the root B is improved by the water flow, leading to an increase in the yield.

In the paddy rice cultivation method of this invention, the top view at the time of forming the planting part provided in the cultivation ground of a farm field with a straw (A) is the top view which expanded the collar of FIG. 1, (b) is a vertical front view in the arrow bb line of (a). In the paddy rice cultivation method of the present invention, a plan view in the case where the planting portion provided on the cultivation ground in the field is formed by an island (A) is an enlarged plan view of the island of FIG. 3, (b) is a longitudinal front view taken along line bb of (a). Longitudinal section showing the relationship between planting part, flooded water and rice

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Farm 2 Planting part 2a 畝 2b Island 3 Hole 4 Groove 5 Recess a Seed b Flooded water A Seedling B Root

Claims (1)

By providing a height difference on the cultivation ground, the planting part is formed by the straw or island provided on the cultivation ground to make it higher than other grounds , and a hole is made in the upper part of the planting part from above, A method for paddy rice cultivation in which seeds are sowed directly so as not to cover the soil , sowed in this planting part, and the upper part of the planting part and the seeds are submerged in the cultivation ground so as not to be submerged.

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