JP5178087B2 - 燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5178087B2 JP5178087B2 JP2007209455A JP2007209455A JP5178087B2 JP 5178087 B2 JP5178087 B2 JP 5178087B2 JP 2007209455 A JP2007209455 A JP 2007209455A JP 2007209455 A JP2007209455 A JP 2007209455A JP 5178087 B2 JP5178087 B2 JP 5178087B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- storage unit
- unit
- waste liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 477
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 37
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019083 Mg-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019403 Mg—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910011212 Ti—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
前記廃液回収手段による廃液回収が、前記燃料貯蔵部に燃料を供給することによって前記燃料貯蔵部に残留した廃液を押し出すことにより行われ、前記燃料供給手段は、前記燃料貯蔵部に燃料を満たした後、さらに所定量の燃料を前記燃料貯蔵部に供給することを特徴とする。「燃料電池を装着」とは、燃料電池を直接に装着する形態および燃料電池を携帯機器等に搭載した状態で当該携帯機器を装着する形態を含む。
図1は、実施の形態1に係る携帯電話1および携帯電話1に内蔵されたDMFC10の構成を示す概略図である。
図4は、実施の形態2に係る燃料電池用燃料供給装置100の構成を示す概略図である。本実施の形態の燃料電池用燃料供給装置100は、実施の形態1と同様な構成に加えて、洗浄液カートリッジ120、洗浄液回収カートリッジ122およびポンプ115をさらに有する。
上述の各実施の形態では、燃料電池としてDMFCが例示されていたが、燃料電池の種類はこれに限られない。たとえば、燃料電池は、気体燃料を用いて発電を行う固体高分子形燃料電池(PEFC)であってもよい。図5は、実施の形態3に係る携帯電話1および携帯電話1に内蔵されたPEFC11の構成を示す概略図である。
図8は、実施の形態4に係る携帯電話1および携帯電話1に内蔵されたPEFC11の構成を示す概略図である。本実施の形態では、燃料貯蔵部26として水素吸蔵合金を収容した水素吸蔵合金タンクが用いられている。水素を吸蔵可能な水素吸蔵合金(たとえば、希土類系のMm(ミッシュメタル)Ni4.32Mn0.18Al0.1 Fe0.1 Co0.3)が格納されている。なお、水素吸蔵合金は、希土類系に限られず、たとえばTi−Mn系、Ti−Fe系、Ti−Zr系、Mg−Ni系、Zr−Mn系等であってもよい。燃料貯蔵部26、すなわち水素吸蔵合金タンクに貯蔵された水素は、燃料充填部17に供給され、PEFC11の発電に使用される。
Claims (4)
- 燃料電池に燃料を供給可能な燃料電池用燃料供給装置であって、
燃料電池を装着可能な装着部と、
前記燃料電池で使用される燃料を格納する燃料格納部と、
前記燃料電池が前記装着部に装着された状態で、前記燃料電池の燃料貯蔵部に残留した廃液を回収する廃液回収手段と、
前記燃料電池が前記装着部に装着された状態で、前記燃料格納部から前記燃料貯蔵部に前記燃料を供給する燃料供給手段と、を備え、
前記廃液回収手段による廃液回収が、前記燃料貯蔵部に燃料を供給することによって前記燃料貯蔵部に残留した廃液を押し出すことにより行われ、
前記燃料供給手段は、前記燃料貯蔵部に燃料を満たした後、さらに所定量の燃料を前記燃料貯蔵部に供給することを特徴とする燃料電池用燃料供給装置。 - 洗浄液を格納する洗浄液格納部と、
前記洗浄液を前記燃料貯蔵部に供給して前記燃料電池のアノード電極を洗浄する洗浄液供給手段と、
前記燃料貯蔵部から前記洗浄液を回収する洗浄液回収手段と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池用供給装置。 - 前記燃料貯蔵部への燃料供給および廃液回収と、前記燃料貯蔵部への洗浄液供給および洗浄液回収とを切り替える手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池用供給装置。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池用燃料供給装置の前記装着部に装着可能な燃料電池であって、
燃料を貯蔵する燃料貯蔵部に、前記燃料供給手段によって供給される燃料が流入する燃料供給口と、廃液を排出するための廃液排出口とが設けられていることを特徴とする燃料電池。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007209455A JP5178087B2 (ja) | 2006-08-30 | 2007-08-10 | 燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 |
US11/896,165 US20080057375A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Fuel cell and fuel supply device for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006234287 | 2006-08-30 | ||
JP2006234287 | 2006-08-30 | ||
JP2007209455A JP5178087B2 (ja) | 2006-08-30 | 2007-08-10 | 燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008084846A JP2008084846A (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
JP5178087B2 true JP5178087B2 (ja) | 2013-04-10 |
Family
ID=39152039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007209455A Expired - Fee Related JP5178087B2 (ja) | 2006-08-30 | 2007-08-10 | 燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080057375A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5178087B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009104873A (ja) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Panasonic Corp | 燃料供給装置 |
JP2010015854A (ja) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-21 | Sony Corp | 燃料電池収納構造および電子機器 |
JP2021064547A (ja) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3915334B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-30 | 2007-05-16 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 燃料電池用水素供給システム、燃料リサイクル方法、液体運搬用移動体、給油設備及び燃料リサイクルシステム |
US6766817B2 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2004-07-27 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action |
JP2003317756A (ja) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | 燃料電池システムおよびその駆動方法 |
JP2004119027A (ja) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Canon Inc | 燃料電池用の燃料供給装置、燃料電池および燃料電池用の燃料供給システム |
JP4283529B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-08 | 2009-06-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池用の水素回収システム |
JP2004296366A (ja) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-21 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 発電装置 |
JP2005108580A (ja) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 燃料電池搭載装置 |
JP4578867B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-11-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水素貯蔵・供給装置とそのシステム及びそれを用いた分散電源並びに自動車 |
JP4529451B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2010-08-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料電池装置及びその制御方法、電子機器 |
JP4606045B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-19 | 2011-01-05 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | 水素貯蔵体ステーションおよび水素貯蔵体交換システム |
JP2006127880A (ja) * | 2004-10-28 | 2006-05-18 | Canon Inc | 電源供給システム |
JP2006248814A (ja) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 水素供給装置および水素供給方法 |
US7713642B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2010-05-11 | General Electric Company | System and method for fuel cell operation with in-situ reformer regeneration |
US7648786B2 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2010-01-19 | Trulite, Inc | System for generating electricity from a chemical hydride |
-
2007
- 2007-08-10 JP JP2007209455A patent/JP5178087B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-08-30 US US11/896,165 patent/US20080057375A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080057375A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
JP2008084846A (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4800319B2 (ja) | 水素製造装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池システム | |
TW200400280A (en) | Hydrogen generating apparatus | |
TWI356524B (en) | Power generation module, system, and method for dr | |
JP3996592B2 (ja) | 直接メタノール燃料電池を装着した携帯型コンピュータ | |
JP2007005313A (ja) | 燃料電池システム及びその駆動方法 | |
JP5178087B2 (ja) | 燃料電池および燃料電池用燃料供給装置 | |
JP2012221903A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4727199B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムとそれを用いた電子機器及び燃料電池の運転方法 | |
CN100521341C (zh) | 燃料电池及燃料电池用燃料供给装置 | |
JP3846727B2 (ja) | 液体燃料電池およびそれを用いた発電装置 | |
JP2003208910A (ja) | 液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池システム | |
JP2007188640A (ja) | 携帯型燃料電池、携帯機器および燃料カートリッジ | |
JP5047464B2 (ja) | 燃料電池装置 | |
WO2004066468A2 (en) | Fuel supply method for direct methanol fuel cell | |
JP4678108B2 (ja) | 直接ジメチルエーテル形燃料電池 | |
JP2006332018A (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び電気機器 | |
JP2007335225A (ja) | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの運転方法 | |
JP2005032600A (ja) | 気液分離システムおよび気液分離方法 | |
KR100709246B1 (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템 | |
KR100575663B1 (ko) | 연료전지의 스택구조 | |
KR20070014678A (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템 | |
JP2008010293A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
KR100696698B1 (ko) | 연료 공급장치 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 장치 | |
US20070166578A1 (en) | Electric Power Generation System Incorporating A Liquid Feed Fuel Cell | |
JP5183057B2 (ja) | 直接型燃料電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100217 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120710 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120829 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20121211 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20130108 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20160118 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |