JP5161291B2 - 殺菌安定化ナノ分散物の調製 - Google Patents
殺菌安定化ナノ分散物の調製 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5161291B2 JP5161291B2 JP2010259732A JP2010259732A JP5161291B2 JP 5161291 B2 JP5161291 B2 JP 5161291B2 JP 2010259732 A JP2010259732 A JP 2010259732A JP 2010259732 A JP2010259732 A JP 2010259732A JP 5161291 B2 JP5161291 B2 JP 5161291B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
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Description
この方法は、薬剤をポリマーミセル溶液に添加し、薬剤をミセル核内に溶解させることから成る。このような操作では、主に薬剤の水性媒体に対する親和性が低いことにより一般的に捕獲効率(entrapment efficiency)が低い。水溶液はその後凍結乾燥することが出来る。
薬剤及びブロックコポリマーを有機溶媒に溶解させ、高熱(窒素雰囲気下又は真空下で回転エバポレータによる約40℃から約80℃)でその溶媒を蒸発させる。得られる混合物を約20℃から80℃、好ましくは40−70℃で2時間維持する。その後、温水(約40℃から70℃)を加え、混合物を薬剤含有ポリマーミセルが形成されるまで攪拌する。
薬剤及びブロックコポリマー水溶液を約1秒から1時間の範囲の超音波処理にかけ、その後、室温で薬剤含有ミセルが得られるまで攪拌する。
薬剤を、例えば、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルムのような水不混和性有機溶媒に溶解させ、ブロックコポリマー水溶液に加える。その後、例えば、適宜真空下で25−40℃で攪拌しながら、有機溶媒を徐々に蒸発させ、その後、不溶解薬剤を濾過して除去する。
薬剤及びブロックコポリマーを水混和性有機溶媒にさせる。溶液を緩衝溶液、次いで水に対して透析する。透析方法において、薬剤溶解用の適当な水混和性有機溶媒には、アセトニトリル、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、ジオキサン及びジメチルアセタミド(DMAC)のようなものが含まれる。
薬剤及びポリマーを水中に乳化した水不混和性有機溶媒に溶解させる。水相には安定化剤が含まれていても良い。有機溶媒を蒸発又はその他の方法で除去する。必要ならば、ナノ分散物を更に精製して安定化剤を除去しても良い。その後、コロイド状分散物を凍結乾燥させる。
薬剤を有機溶媒に溶解させ、次いで、霧状にして薬剤負荷ナノ粒子を得る。このようなプロセスは温度感受性薬剤には採用できず、1μm未満の粒子を製造には適していない。
これらの方法はナノスケールの薬剤分散物の製造を目的としたものである。このような技術は殆ど全ての種類の疎水性薬剤に適用することが出来る。これらは全て特別の専門的な装置を必要とするか、及び/又は調節が困難である。
多くの研究、文献及び特許が、界面活性剤様の特性を有する両親媒性ブロックポリマーの使用、特に、それらを疎水性薬剤のキャリアとして使用することに関して向けられてきた。
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも一種の生物学的活性剤を含有する安定化されたナノ分散物、又は少なくとも一種の生物学的活性剤で負荷された安定化されたミセルの製造方法であって、以下の工程:
a)上記少なくとも一種の生物学的活性剤、ポリ(N−ビニル−2−ピロリドン)−ブロック−ポリ(D,L−ラクチド)、ポリ(N−2−ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリルアミド)−ブロック−ポリ(ε−カプロラクトン)−ブロック−ポリ (N−2−ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリルアミド)及びポリ(N−ビニルピロリドン)−ブロック−ポリ(ε−カプロラクトン)−ブロック−ポリ(N−ビニルピロリドン)からなる群から選択される分散剤、及び、上記生物学的活性剤を変質及び劣化なく溶解することが出来る少なくとも一種の溶媒を混合して、該ナノ分散物又はミセルがない透明溶液を形成する;
b) a)で得られた該透明溶液を直接に凍結乾燥して固体産物を形成させる;及び、
c) 該固体産物を再水和して、上記の安定化された、ナノ分散物又はミセルを形成する;
から成る前記方法。 - 工程a)で更に、塊形成剤、凍結防止剤、及び分散保護剤から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の添加物を混合する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 溶液をフィルターでろ過することによって殺菌することを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 再水和の工程が該固体産物と十分な量の水、食塩水又はデキストロース溶液と混合することを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該溶媒が、t−ブタノール、n−ブタノール、ジオキサン、ピリジン、ピリミジン、ピペリジン、それらの組み合わせ、及び、これらのいずれか又はこれらの組み合わせと水とを予混合で含む二元混合物から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の溶媒である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該添加物が、ポリ(ビニルピロリドン)、ポリ(エチレングリコール)、ラクトース、トレハロース、マンニトール、該溶媒に可溶なアミノ酸、又はそれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される少なくとも一つの成分である、請求項2記載の方法。
- 溶液を形成する工程が、超音波処理、渦流化(vortexing)及び加熱から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の溶解促進手段を更に含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該生物学的活性剤が、抗がん剤、抗炎症鎮痛剤、免疫抑制剤、肝炎治療剤(hepatism remedies)、ホルモン、化学療法剤、代謝疾患用薬剤、消化疾患治療剤、呼吸器官疾患治療剤、抗アレルギー薬剤、中枢神経系疾患治療剤、末梢疾患治療剤、循環疾患治療剤、及びそれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される少なくとも一つの成分である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該生物学的活性剤が、パクリタクセル(paclitaxel)、ドクソルビシン(doxorubicin)、メルファラン(melphalan)、ドセタキセル(docetaxel)、テニポサイド(teniopside)、エトポサイド(etoposide)、ダウノマイシン(daunomycin)、ビンブラスチン(vinblastine)、インドメサシン(indomethacin)、イブプロフェン(ibuprofen)、サイクロスポリン(cyclosporine)、タクロリマス(tacrolimus)、ビフェニルジメチルジカルボキシレート、ケトコナゾール(ketoconazole)、アムフォテリシンB(amphotericin B)、フェノフィブラート(fenofibrate)、及びそれら組み合わせから成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の疎水性薬剤組成物である、請求項1記載の方法。
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AU2003212157A8 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
ES2319633T3 (es) | 2009-05-11 |
AU2003212157A1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
JP2011037899A (ja) | 2011-02-24 |
US20030175313A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
WO2003077882A3 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1487410A2 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
JP5424180B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
JP2005526771A (ja) | 2005-09-08 |
MXPA04009103A (es) | 2005-09-08 |
WO2003077882A2 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
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