JP5090249B2 - 改良された固体媒体 - Google Patents
改良された固体媒体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5090249B2 JP5090249B2 JP2008126541A JP2008126541A JP5090249B2 JP 5090249 B2 JP5090249 B2 JP 5090249B2 JP 2008126541 A JP2008126541 A JP 2008126541A JP 2008126541 A JP2008126541 A JP 2008126541A JP 5090249 B2 JP5090249 B2 JP 5090249B2
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- Prior art keywords
- pnps
- pnp
- methacrylate
- meth
- prepared
- Prior art date
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- DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(C=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYRLHRGPAOAVTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-ylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C(C=C)C=C VYRLHRGPAOAVTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000779 poly(divinylbenzene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057847 polyethylene glycol 600 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001447 polyvinyl benzene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N pseudoephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003908 pseudoephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007342 radical addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)(C=C)C=C UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIUCPPFBFOLPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C OIUCPPFBFOLPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PGQNYIRJCLTTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C PGQNYIRJCLTTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKRKCDBTXBGLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(ethenyl)-methylsilane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C)(C=C)C=C PKRKCDBTXBGLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNCOGDMUGQWFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(ethenyl)silicon Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)C=C BNCOGDMUGQWFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRLHYNPADOCLAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KRLHYNPADOCLAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008127 vinyl sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/261—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J39/20—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/08—Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/12—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J41/14—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
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- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/165—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes
- B01J31/1658—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins
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Description
500mLの容器に、熱電対、温度調節器、パージガス入り口、パージガス出口付き水冷還流凝縮器、撹拌機及び添加漏斗が装備された。添加漏斗に18.00gメチルメタクリレート(100%純度)、2.00gのジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(100%純度)、ミネラルスピリット内のt-アミルペルオキシピバレートの75%溶液(ルペロックス(Luperox)554-M-75)1.60g、及び180.00gジイソブチルケトン(「DIBK」)からなる201.60gのモノマー混合物が充填された。180.00gDIBKを含有する反応器は、30分間窒素でフラッシュし、反応器の内容物を75℃にした。反応器の内容物が75℃に達したとき、添加漏斗中のモノマー混合物は、90分に亘り反応器に一定速度で充填された。モノマー混合物の添加終了30分後に、ミネラルスピリット内のt-アミルペルオキシピバレートの75%溶液(ルペロックス554-M-75)0.06g、及び2.00gのDIBKからなる二つのチェーサーアリコートの最初のものが加えられ、第二のチェーサーアリコートが30分の間隔を置いて添加された。第二チェーサーアリコートの終了時点で、反応器の内容物は、反応を完了させるために80℃で2.5時間保持された。結果として生じたポリマーは、ヘプタンでの沈殿により分離され、ろ過により収集されそして真空下で乾燥され白色粉末を生じた。この物質は、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート内で再溶解された。このようにして形成されたPNPは、動的レーザー光線散乱測定により、平均1.4nmの0.8から5.0の粒径分布、及びGPC測定により、22,642g/モルの見掛け分子量、14,601g/モルの数平均分子量及び1.6のMw/Mn分布を有するとされた。
モノマーエマルションは、17gの脱イオン水、8.85gの28%w/w固形分ラウリル硫酸アンモニウム(「ALS」)、12.4gのアセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート(「AAEM」)及び1.78gのアリルメタクリレート(「ALMA」)との混合物から製造された。反応容器に、それから600gの脱イオン水、15.0gの28%w/w固形分ALS、及び1mL脱イオン水内の0.15gの過硫酸アンモニウム(「APS」)が準備された。反応容器は、窒素でパージされながら90℃まで加熱された。200rpmで撹拌されながらモノマーエマルションの半分が反応容器に添加された。20分後、残存モノマーエマルションが添加された。容器温度は、90℃で30分間、維持され、55℃に冷却され、それから1mL脱イオン水内の0.02gのt-ブチルヒドロキシペルオキシド(t−BHP)溶液、及び1mL脱イオン水内の0.010gのスルホキシル酸ナトリウムフォルムアルデヒド(「SSF」)溶液がそれぞれ添加された。反応は、それから周囲温度まで冷却され、エマルションは400及び100メッシュ篩を通してそれぞれろ過された。試料は、凍結乾燥により水から分離され白色の脆いさらさらした粉末を生成した。結果として生じた白色粉末は、豊富な量の、2回蒸留され、脱イオンされた水で洗浄され大部分の界面活性剤を除去した。
モノマーエマルションは、瓶の中で17gの脱イオン水、8.85gの28%w/w固形分ALS、12.4gのAAEM及び1.78gのALMAとの混合物から製造された。反応容器には、それから600gの脱イオン水、15.0gの28%w/w固形分ALS、及び1mL脱イオン水内の0.15gの過硫酸アンモニウム(「APS」)が準備された。反応容器は、窒素でパージされながら90℃まで加熱された。モノマーエマルションは、200rpmで撹拌されながら反応容器に全て一度に添加された。30分後、反応フラスコの温度は75℃まで冷却され、それから1mLの脱イオン水内の0.02gのt-BHP溶液が添加された。反応は、更に55℃に冷却され、2mLの脱イオン水内の0.010gSSF溶液が添加された。反応は周囲温度まで冷却され、エマルションは400及び100メッシュ篩を通して、ろ過された。
モノマーエマルションは、100gの水、1.60gの28%w/w固形分ALS、68gのエチルアクリレート(「EA」)、17gのメチルメタクリレート(「MMA」)、12.5gのジビニルベンゼン(「DVB」)及び5gのメタクリル酸(「MAA」)の混合物から製造された。445gの水、22.2gの28%w/w固形分ALS、及び0.37gのAPSは、窒素雰囲気下で85℃に加熱された。モノマーエマルションは90分に亘り容器に供給された。反応は、供給の終了後85℃で30分間保持され、それから65℃に冷却された。冷却の後、1.33gの10%硫酸鉄(FeSO4)が添加された。1分後、0.2gの70%t‐BHPが添加され、2分後、0.1gの100%イソアスコルビン酸(「IAA」)が添加され、反応は15分間保持された。第二チェーサー系は、同じ順序で、同じ時間の間添加された。反応は、それから周囲温度に冷却され、400メッシュ篩を通して、ろ過された。
PNP組成は、表5.1で報告される。これらのポリマーは、実施例1〜4の一般的操作に従い調製された。「Mw」の略語は重量平均分子量を意味し、用語「Mn」は数平均分子量を意味する。用語「Dist」は、Mw/Mnの比を意味する。見掛け分子量は溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを使用し、標準GPC法を使用して測定された。
1リットル反応器に、水冷却器、熱電対、オーバーヘッド撹拌機、窒素入り口及び添加用浸漬チューブが装備された。500mlのキシレンが、反応器に充填され、反応器は80℃に加熱された。撹拌速度を210rpmとし、次に8グラムのビニルベンジルクロリド、55%純度のジビニルベンゼン15グラム、57グラムのスチレン、98%のベンゾイルペルオキシド2グラム及び120グラムのキシレンを含有する溶液が、1.5ml/分の速度で添加された。添加が完了した後、温度は、更に8時間、80℃に維持された。形成されたPNPは、イオン交換樹脂用媒体、触媒担体、センサー、固体媒体及びイオン浸透膜として有用な材料への更なる官能化に対し好適である。
1リットル反応器に、水冷却器、熱電対、オーバーヘッド撹拌機、窒素入り口及び添加用浸漬チューブが装備された。500mlのキシレンが、反応器に充填され、反応器は80℃に加熱された。撹拌速度を210rpmとし、次に80%純度のジビニルベンゼン40グラム、98%の過酸化ベンゾイルペルオキシド1グラム及び120グラムのキシレンを含有する溶液が、1.5ml/分の速度で添加された。添加が完了した後、温度は、更に8時間、80℃に維持された。形成されたポリジビニルベンゼン粒子は、1グラム当たり0.4ミリモルの残存ビニル基を含有していることが見出され、イオン交換樹脂用媒体、触媒担体、センサー、分離媒体及びイオン浸透膜として有用な材料への更なる官能化に対し好適であった。
米国特許第4,383,047号に従い薄膜充填物がの外層が、5〜30nmの平均直径を有するPNP及びビニルベンジルクロリド(90%)ジビニルベンゼン(10%)コポリマーの組成物を使用して調製される。生じた物質は、薄膜充填物の外層として有用である。
各先端にバルブを付けた35cm長さ×1.5cm直径の垂直ガラス管に表5.1における45の組成のスチレン‐ジビニルベンゼンの流動化PNP試料100mgを含有させたものが、外部ヒーターで100℃に維持され、管に挿入する前に飽和器を通してガス混合物をバブリングすることにより得られた鉄ペンタカルボニルで飽和されたアルゴンガス流れ中の、4.7%水素を通過させた。ガス流は、180分間、5ml/分の速度で添加され、その期間中試料は100%増加した。100℃において、鉄カルボニル蒸気は、多量に分解して鉄(0)になり、PNP上に析出する。自燃性生成物は、日本公開特許公報(200)JP2000212448A2で記載されたように酸素スキャベンジャーとしての用途に適当な形態に変換するために、必要な全てのその後の移動及び操作は不活性雰囲気下で取り扱われる。
米国特許第4,766,161号の実施例1に従い、25nmの平均直径を有するPNPを含有する溶液及びジビニルベンゼン/ビニルベンジルクロリドコポリマー組成物が、膜形成に際し実施例1のスチレン/ビニルベンジルクロリドコポリマーを含有する溶液の代わりに使用されることを除き浸透膜が調製される。生じた物質は浸透膜として有用である。
TRRは、米国特許第4,087,357号、第一プロセス及び引き続く実施例に従い、約1nmの平均直径を有するPNP及び3%DVB架橋メチルアクリレート組成物がマクロレティキュラーコポリマーをロードする工程及びPNP成分の後重合過程で使用されることを除き調製される。生じる物質は、米国特許第4,087,357号、第一プロセス及び引き続く操作手順に記載されたようにハイブリッドコポリマーの弱塩基及び弱酸官能性を有するTRRに適当な変換の後でTRRとして有用である。
高容量及び強物理的安定性多孔性イオン交換樹脂は、次の操作手順により合成される:スチレン(300g)、ジビニルベンゼン(24g、55%濃度)、過酸化ベンゾイル(4.3g、75%)及び組成:MMA/MAPS/DVB(25:60:15)及び5から10nmの平均直径を有するPNP(60g)を含有する有機モノマー相が、界面活性剤を含有する約500ml水性相を含有するフラスコに充填される。有機相が微細液滴形態で分散されるよう撹拌が行われる。混合物は、その後1時間に亘り79〜82℃に加熱され、それから約10時間保持される。コポリマービーズは、ろ過され、水で洗浄される。コポリマービーズが50℃において5時間、オーブン中で乾燥された後、それらはそれぞれ高い容量を有する陰イオン又は陽イオン交換樹脂を製造するためにクロロメチル化及びアミノ化又はスルホン化され得る。
英国特許第2338487A1号、実施例4に記載の組合わせ化学媒体は、4‐クロロメチルスチレン60.8%、スチレン37.8%及びジビニルベンゼン(DVB)1.4%から調製された50nmの平均直径を有するPNPがモノマー混合物に添加されることを除き、調製される。PNP重量画分は使用される全モノマーを基準にして5wt%であった。生じた重合体ビーズ物質は、PNP「シード粒子」から生じる改良された粒径調節を有していた。生じる物質は、組合わせ化学媒体として有用である。
英国特許第2338487A1号、実施例4に記載の組合わせ化学媒体は、4‐クロロメチルスチレン60.8%、スチレン37.8%及びジビニルベンゼン(DVB)1.4%から調製された50nmの平均直径を有するPNPが、溶液から重合体物質ビーズ基体に吸着され、恒量となるまで重合物質を乾燥することを除き、調製される。PNP重量画分は、使用される全モノマーを基準にして2wt%であった。生じた重合体ビーズ物質は、PNP「コーティング」粒子から生じる化学結合を改良した。生じる物質は、組合わせ化学媒体として有用である。
米国特許第6,312,809B1号、実施例1に記載のセンサー材料は、表5.1における40又は44の種類のPNPがペンダントアクリレート不飽和への表面アミン基のマイケル様付加炭素‐窒素結合形成を経由してアミノアルキルメルカプタン自己集合単一層に結合されることを除き、調製される。PNP結合アミノアルキルメルカプタン自己集合単一層でコーティングされた表面は、米国特許第6,312,809B1号の実施例3に記載されたような化学センサーとしての表面音波(SAW)装置に使用される。
EP1034839A1号、実施例1に記載のレチナールナノカプセル薬剤担体は、表5.1における項目1の種類のPNPがパーストープ(Perstorp)社からの市販のデンドリマー製品ボルソーンH40(BOLTHORN H40、商標)と置換されることを除き、調製される。
表5.1における40又は44の種類のPNPは、ジメチルアミンと反応してペンダントアクリレート二重結合とアミンのマイケル様付加反応を行い、それらをベータ‐アミノプロピオネート基に変換する。これらのPNPは米国特許第5,714,166号の実施例1におけるデンドリマーと置換され、制御されたサリチル酸放出会合物が調製される。
表5.1における1の種類のPNPは、10〜75%のMMAがDMAEMAと置換されることを除き、アミン官能性PNPを調製するのに使用される。これらのPNPは、クロロホルム内の2‐(アセチルオキシ)安息香酸と結合して酸:第三アミン比1:1を与える。PNP内の2‐(アセチルオキシ)安息香酸の内部会合は、分光学的に実証され、これらのアミン官能性PNPは、薬剤担体として使用され得ることが確認される。斯かるPNPの制御放出特徴は、動的透析並びに他の物理的方法を使用して実証される。これらのアミン官能性PNPは、インスリンと結合して、放出制御薬剤担体系が調製される。
米国特許第6,100,214A1号に記載のオレフィン重合用触媒物質は、3nmの平均直径を有するPNP及びジビニルベンゼン/塩化ビニルベンジルコポリマーの組成物が、触媒担体の合成においてクロロメチル化ポリスチレン‐コ‐ジビニルベンゼンビーズの代わりに使用されるのを除き、調製される。オレフィンポリマーが、ここで提供される触媒物質を使用して調製される。
米国特許第出願第2002,0026013A1、実施例3に記載に従い、25nmの平均直径を有するPNP0.5グラム及びポリビニルベンゼンの組成物が活性触媒と化合されることを除き、有機金属触媒が調製される。生じる物質は、有機金属触媒として有用である。
Claims (2)
- 1から8ナノメートルの範囲の平均直径を有する架橋重合体ナノ粒子を含む触媒物質、ここで該架橋重合体ナノ粒子は重合単位として少なくとも一つの多エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含む。
- 更に該架橋重合体ナノ粒子に結合した少なくとも一つの触媒を含む請求項1に記載の触媒物質。
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