JP4946145B2 - 強誘電体メモリの製造方法 - Google Patents
強誘電体メモリの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4946145B2 JP4946145B2 JP2006111221A JP2006111221A JP4946145B2 JP 4946145 B2 JP4946145 B2 JP 4946145B2 JP 2006111221 A JP2006111221 A JP 2006111221A JP 2006111221 A JP2006111221 A JP 2006111221A JP 4946145 B2 JP4946145 B2 JP 4946145B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 493
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 83
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 47
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 28
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910016570 AlCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018512 Al—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
図17(a)に示す構成は、1ビットの情報の記憶に2つのトランジスタTa及びTbと2つのキャパシタCa及びCbを用いる2T/2C形式であり、現在、一般的に使用されている。この形式では、1つのキャパシタCaに「1」又は「0」の情報を記憶し、もう一方のキャパシタCbに反対の情報を記憶するという相補的な動作をさせる。この2T/2C形式は、プロセスの変動に対して強い構成であるという利点がある。その一方で、図17(b)に示す1T/1C形式に比べて、セル面積が約2倍になってしまうという欠点がある。
本発明者は、キャパシタ膜である強誘電体膜の劣化の原因を究明すべく検討を重ねた結果、従来のCVD法によるアルミニウム酸化物保護膜の成膜方法では、H2Oを大量に使用しているために、アルミニウム酸化物膜の成膜時に強誘電体膜に水素又は水が吸着され、後工程の熱処理によって強誘電体膜が還元されていることを見出した。
図2は、本発明の強誘電体メモリ(半導体装置)の製造方法を示す模式図である。
先ず、図2(a)に示すように、半導体基板の上方に、下部電極100a、キャパシタ膜である強誘電体膜100b及び上部電極100cからなる強誘電体キャパシタ100を形成した後、図2(b)に示すように、強誘電体キャパシタ100を覆うように保護膜となるアルミニウム酸化物膜(Al2O3膜)150をALD法により形成する。そして、アルミニウム酸化物膜150を形成した後、強酸化性のオゾン(O3)を含む酸化性ガス雰囲気中においてアニール処理を行って、アルミニウム酸化物膜150を緻密な膜とするようにした。
次に、本発明における諸実施形態を、添付図面を参照しながら説明する。
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
第1の実施形態では、強誘電体キャパシタの上部電極の電気的接続を上方からとり、強誘電体キャパシタの下部電極の電気的接続を下方からとるスタック型の強誘電体メモリについて説明する。
第1の実施形態においては、まず、図3(a)に示すように、半導体基板61に素子分離絶縁膜62と、例えばpウェル91を形成し、更に、半導体基板61上に、MOSFET101、102を形成するとともに、各MOSFETを覆う例えばシリコン酸窒化膜(SiON膜)67を形成する。
具体的に、まず、前面に、例えばスパッタリング法により、厚さ60nm程度のTi膜、厚さ30nm程度のTiN膜、厚さ400nm程度のAlCu合金膜、厚さ5nm程度のTi膜、及び厚さ70nm程度のTiN膜を順次積層する。続いて、フォトリソグラフィー技術を用いて、当該積層膜を所定形状にパターニングして、各Wプラグ76b,77b上に、Ti膜及びTiN膜からなるグルー膜78aと、AlCu合金膜からなる配線膜78bと、Ti膜及びTiN膜からなるグルー膜78cとからなる金属配線層78が形成される。
以下、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。
第1実施形態では、スタック型の強誘電体メモリについて説明したが、第2の実施形態では、強誘電体キャパシタの上部電極及び下部電極の電気的接続を上方からとるプレーナ型の強誘電体メモリについて説明する。
第2の実施形態においては、まず、図8(a)に示すように、半導体基板201に素子分離絶縁膜202と、例えばpウェル221を形成し、更に、半導体基板201上に、MOSFET200を形成するとともに、当該MOSFET200上に、シリコン酸窒化膜(SiON膜)207、シリコン酸化膜208a及びAl2O3膜208bを順次形成する。
具体的に、まず、全面に、例えばスパッタリング法により、厚さ60nm程度のTi膜、厚さ30nm程度のTiN膜、厚さ400nm程度のAlCu合金膜、厚さ5nm程度のTi膜、及び厚さ70nm程度のTiN膜を順次積層する。続いて、フォトリソグラフィー技術を用いて、当該積層膜を所定形状にパターニングして、各Wプラグ215b、217b上に、Ti膜及びTiN膜からなるグルー膜218aと、AlCu合金膜からなる配線膜218bと、Ti膜及びTiN膜からなるグルー膜218cとからなる金属配線層218が形成される。
先ず、バッチ式の成膜装置を用いてALD法により、シリコン基板上に、Al2O3膜を厚さ20nm程度で成膜し、Al2O3膜中のH2O含有量について、TDS法を用いて評価した。この際、Al2O3膜の成膜にあたっては、TMA及びH2Oを用いたALD法により行った。また、評価用試料としては、Al2O3膜の形成後にオゾン(O3)を含む雰囲気中でのアニール処理を行った本発明の製造方法で作製した試料と、Al2O3膜の形成後にオゾン(O3)を含む雰囲気中でのアニール処理を行わない従来の製造方法で作製した試料を用いた。なお、本発明の製造方法で作製した試料では、アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成した後に、in−situで温度500℃に昇温して、O3雰囲気中において30分間の緻密化アニールを行った。
試料としては、スパッタ法により、厚さ175nm程度のPt膜、厚さ20nm程度のTi膜、厚さ200nm程度のPLZT、厚さ200nm程度のIrO2を順次堆積して、パターニングを行うことによりPt膜及びTi膜からなる下部電極と、PLZTからなる強誘電体膜と、IrO2からなる上部電極を具備する強誘電体キャパシタを形成した。そして、ひな壇構造に加工された強誘電体キャパシタを全て覆うように、室温でスパッタ法によりアルミニウム酸化物膜を成膜した後、Alの1層配線まで成膜して試料を作製した。
半導体基板の上方に、上部電極と下部電極との間にキャパシタ膜が挟持されてなるキャパシタを形成する工程と、
前記キャパシタを覆うように、アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成する工程と、
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成した後、オゾンを含む酸化性ガス雰囲気中において前記アルミニウム酸化物膜に対して熱処理を行う工程と
を有することを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。
前記熱処理を、400℃以上700℃以下の温度で行うことを特徴とする付記1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、200℃以上350℃以下の温度で形成することを特徴とする付記1又は2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成する工程と前記熱処理を行う工程とを、同一装置内で連続的に行うことを特徴とする付記1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、原子層堆積法により形成することを特徴とする付記1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記原子層堆積法では、有機アルミニウム化合物及び酸化性ガスを用いることを特徴とする付記5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記酸化性ガスとして、オゾンを用いることを特徴とする付記6に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記有機アルミニウム化合物として、トリメチルアルミニウムを用いることを特徴とする付記6又は7に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、バッチ式の装置において形成することを特徴とする付記1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記キャパシタ膜は、強誘電体膜で構成されていることを特徴とする付記1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記強誘電体膜は、PZT、PLZT、SBT及びSBTNのうちの少なくともいずれか1種であることを特徴とする付記10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
前記上部電極は、酸化イリジウムを含有する膜で構成されていることを特徴とする付記1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
62、202 素子分離絶縁膜
63、203 ゲート絶縁膜
64、204 ゲート電極
65、205 シリサイド層
66、206 サイドウォール
67、207、216 シリコン酸窒化膜(SiON膜)
68、75、214 層間絶縁膜
69c、76c、77c、215c、217c、217d ビア孔
69a、76a、77a、78a、78c、215a、217a、218a、218c グルー膜
69b、69d、76b、77b、215b、217b Wプラグ
70、100a、209 下部電極
70a、209a Ir膜
71、71a、100b、210、210a 強誘電体膜
72、100c、211 上部電極
72a、211a IrO2膜
73、100、230 強誘電体キャパシタ
74、150、208b、212、213 Al2O3膜(アルミニウム酸化物膜)
78、218 金属配線層
78b、218b 配線膜
91、221 pウェル
92 低濃度拡散層
93 高濃度拡散層
101、102、200 MOSFET
Claims (9)
- 半導体基板の上方に、上部電極と下部電極との間に強誘電体膜が挟持されてなるキャパシタを形成する工程と、
前記キャパシタを覆うように、アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成する工程と、
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成した後、オゾンを含む酸化性ガス雰囲気中において前記アルミニウム酸化物膜に対して熱処理を行う工程と、
前記アルミニウム酸化物膜上に、高密度プラズマCVD法により層間絶縁膜を形成する工程と
を有することを特徴とする強誘電体メモリの製造方法。 - 前記熱処理を、400℃以上700℃以下の温度で行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、200℃以上350℃以下の温度で形成することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を形成する工程と前記熱処理を行う工程とを、同一装置内で連続的に行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、原子層堆積法により形成することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記原子層堆積法では、有機アルミニウム化合物及び酸化性ガスを用いることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記酸化性ガスとして、オゾンを用いることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム酸化物膜を、バッチ式の装置において形成することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体膜は、PZT、PLZT、SBT及びSBTNのうちの少なくともいずれか1種であることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体メモリの製造方法。
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