JP4756864B2 - 低アレルギー性モザイク抗原の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- C07K14/415—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
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- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
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- A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
- A61K2039/53—DNA (RNA) vaccination
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Description
(a)アレルゲンを少なくとも2つの部分に分解し、各部分のIgE活性を測定する第1工程および
(b)検出可能なIgE反応を示さないアレルゲンの上記部分を結合して、アレルゲンのアミノ酸から成り、且つそのアミノ酸順序は天然に存在するアレルゲンのそれとは異なるモザイク抗原とする第2工程
とから成る方法が開示される。
アレルゲンのアミノ酸配列が知られている場合、抗原から長さを変えたペプチドを製造することは、当業者には一般に常識である。ペプチドは、当該分野でよく知られた化学合成によっても製造することができる。別法として、配列が分かっている場合、適切なプライマーは簡単に合成することができるので、そのようなペプチドはポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)によって容易に製造することができる。
本発明の好ましい態様では、天然アレルゲン中の隣接した位置に存在する部分の結合、例えばC、A、Bの順序の結合は回避される。その理由は、エピトープへのIgEの結合がモザイク抗原上で再び形成されるかもしれないからである。しかしながら、それにはモザイク抗原が実質的に天然抗原のすべてのアミノ酸を含んでいることが必須である。確かに、明らかに何らの機能も持たない幾つかのアミノ酸は欠失させることができるし、あるいは幾つかのアミノ酸は製造上の理由から欠失させることができるが、できるだけ多くのアミノ酸は維持されるべきである。さらに、モザイク抗原は、製造目的で利用される幾つかのアミノ酸を含んでいてもよい。モザイク抗原で再編成される天然アレルゲンの部分は、できるだけ大きいのが好ましい。開裂部位は、できるだけ長く続くIgEエピトープを破壊するように選択されるのが好ましい。
Freidhoff LR, Ehrlich−Kautzky E, Meyers DA, Marsh DG. A study of the human immune response to Lolium perenne (rye) pollen and its components, Lol pI and Lol pII (Rye I and Rye II). II. Longitudinal variation of antibody levels in relation to symptomatology and pollen exposure and correction of seasonally elevated antibody levels to basal values.[(ライ麦)花粉およびその成分、Lol p IおよびLol p II(ライ麦Iおよびライ麦II)へのヒト免疫反応に関する研究。II。症候学と花粉接触とに関する抗体レベルの縦方向への変化および基礎値に対する季節的な高濃度抗体の補正]、J Allergy Clin Immunol 1987, 80, 646−655。
Ansari AA, Shenbagamurthi P, Marsh DG. Complete amino acid sequence of a Lolium perenne (perennial rye grass) pollen allergen, Lol p II。[ペレニアルライグラス(ホソムギ)花粉アレルゲンLol p IIの完全アミノ酸配列]、J Biol Chem 1989, 264, 11181−11185。
Dolecek C, Vrtala S, Laffer S, Steinberger P, Kraft D, Scheiner O, Valenta R. Molecular characterization of Phl p II, a major timothy grass (Phleum pratense) pollen allergen。[主要オオアワガエリ(Phleum pratense)花粉アレルゲン、Phl p IIの分子特性」FEBS Lett 1993, 335, 299−304。
アレルゲン活性を有しない合成Phl p 2由来ペプチド
アレルゲン活性を有しないPhl p 2断片を同定するために、Phl p 2タンパク質の約1/3から成る複数のペプチドを化学的に合成した(表1参照)。各ペプチドは、約3.7 kDaの分子量を有する32から34のアミノ酸鎖長を持ち、共同して完全鎖Phl p 2アミノ酸配列をカバーする。
ニトロセルロース上にドットされたPhl p 2由来ペプチド(P1−P3)、免疫学的に無関係な主要な草木花粉アレルゲンであるrPhl p 5[参照:Vrtala S, Sperr WR, Reimitzer I, van Ree R, Laffer S, Muller WD, Valent P, Lechner K, Rumpold H, Kraft D, Scheiner O, Valenta R. cDNA cloning of a major allergen from timothy grass (Phleum pratense) pollen; characterization of the recombiniant Phl p V allergen(オオアワガエリ草(Phleum pratense)花粉からの主要アレルゲンのcDNAクローニング;組み換えPhl p Vアレルゲンの特徴)、J.Immunol. 1993, 151: 4773−4781]およびコントロールとしてヒト血清アルブミン、同様にコントロールペプチドを、草木花粉アレルギー患者からの血清および非アレルギー性の個人の血清にそれぞれ暴露した。
組み換えPhl p 2モザイクタンパク質の特定
組み換えPhl p 2モザイクタンパク質は、3種類のPhl p 2由来ペプチドの配列を変える組み換えによって得られた。このモザイクタンパク質は、3種類の非アレルゲン性Phl p 2断片の配列順序を変えて組み換えることにより、破壊された3次元構造を有するモザイクタンパク質をもたらし、その結果アレルゲン活性を減じる、との仮定の下に創製されたものである。さらに、モザイクタンパク質は、個々のより小さいペプチドユニットと比較して、よりよい免疫原性を示し、Phl p 2の関連T細胞エピトープを含むPhl p 2の完全鎖の主要アミノ酸配列を保存するであろうことが期待された。
rPhl p 2モザイクのIgE反応性とアレルゲン性の欠如
精製Phl p 2モザイク(P2M)のIgE結合能が、ペプチド類に対して報告されているドットブロット実験に従って、12人のオオアワガエリ草木花粉アレルギー患者からの血清を用い、Phl p 2野生型のそれと比較された(図7参照)。12人の草木花粉アレルギー患者からの血清は全てrPhl p 2に対するIgE抗体を含んでいたが、rPhl p 2モザイクあるいは陰性コントロールすなわちヒト血清アルブミンに対してはIgE反応性を示さなかった(図7参照)。rPhl p 2モザイクの非常に低減されたアレルゲン活性は、好塩基球のヒスタミン遊離および皮膚試験の実験によってさらに実証された。草木花粉アレルギー患者からの好塩基球は、デキストラン沈降法によって濃縮され、文献[Valent P, Besemer J, Muhm M, Majdic O; Lechner K, Bettelhei P. Interleukin 3 activates human blood basophils via high−affinity binding sites(インターロイキン3は、高アフィニティー結合サイトを介してヒト血液好塩基球を活性化する),Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA 1989, 86: 5542−5546]に記載されている方法に従って、順に増大する濃度の精製rPhl p 2あるいはrPhl p 2モザイクに暴露した。
rPhl p 2野生型を認識し、アレルギー患者のIgEがPhl p 2と結合するのを阻害するIgG抗体のrPhl p 2モザイク免疫による誘発
Phl p 2モザイクによる免疫およびPhl p 2モザイクが、天然Phl p 2と反応するIgG抗体を産生するかどうかを試験するために、ウサギrPhl p 2モザイク、KLH結合rPhl p 2モザイクあるいはrPhl p 2で、Fockeらによって報告されているようにフロイントアジュバントを使用してウサギを免疫した。
阻害抗体の測定
rPhl p 2モザイクによる免疫で誘発されたIgG抗体は、アレルギー性患者血清IgEの完全長rPhl p 2との結合を、5人の草木花粉アレルギー患者血清を用いるELISA競合法により、阻害するかどうかを検討した(表3参照)。ELISAプレート(Nunc Maxisorp社、Rokslide、デンマーク)は、rPhl p 2(1μg/ml)でコーティングし、100倍希釈の抗Phl p 2モザイク抗血清あるいは抗Phl p 2抗血清、およびコントロール用として対応する免疫前血清と共にプレインキュベーションした。洗浄後、プレートは5人のPhl p 2感作草木花粉アレルギー患者からの3倍希釈血清と共にインキュベーションし、結合したIgE抗体は、1000倍希釈したリン酸アルカリコンジュゲートのモノクローナルラット抗ヒトIgE抗体(Pharmingen社, San Diego, カリフォルニア州)で検出された。抗Phl p 2モザイクおよびPhl p 2とのプレインキュベーションで達成されたIgE結合の阻害%は、以下の式で計算した。
IgE結合の阻害% = 100−OD1/ODp×100
OD1およびODpは、Focke(2001年)らが報告した方法により、ウサギ免疫血清および免疫前血清でプレインキュベーションした後の吸光度をそれぞれ表す。
Claims (7)
- (a)オオアワガエリ花粉アレルゲンPhl p 2を3つのペプチド、すなわち、天然に存在するPhl p 2のアミノ酸配列のアミノ酸1〜33を有するペプチド1、アミノ酸34〜64を有するペプチド2およびアミノ酸65〜96を有するペプチド3に分解し、各部分のIgE活性を測定する第1工程および
(b)検出可能なIgE反応を示さないオオアワガエリ花粉アレルゲンPhl p 2の上記各部分をペプチド1、ペプチド3及びペプチド2の順序で結合してモザイク抗原とする第2工程
とからなることを特徴とする、オオアワガエリ花粉アレルゲンPhl p 2由来の低アレルゲン性モザイク抗原の製造方法。 - さらに、
(c)第2工程で得られるモザイク抗原が、オオアワガエリ花粉アレルゲンPhl p 2を認識するIgG抗体を誘導し、該IgG抗体がオオアワガエリ花粉アレルギー患者の血清中に含まれるIgE抗体のオオアワガエリ花粉アレルゲンPhl p 2への結合を阻害することを確認する第3工程
を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の製造方法。 - 配列番号:1のアミノ酸配列を有するモザイクアレルゲン。
- 請求項3に記載のモザイクアレルゲンをコードする配列番号:2のDNA配列またはその相補的配列からなるDNA。
- オオアワガエリ花粉アレルギー反応の治療用医薬の製造のための、請求項1または2に記載の方法により製造され得るモザイクアレルゲンの使用。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法により製造され得るモザイクアレルゲンあるいは請求項3に記載のモザイクアレルゲンを含むことを特徴とする、オオアワガエリ花粉アレルギー患者の治療用ワクチン。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法により製造され得るモザイクアレルゲンをコードするDNA、または請求項4に記載のDNAから成ることを特徴とする、オオアワガエリ花粉アレルギー患者の治療用ワクチン。
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EP03001242A EP1440979B1 (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2003-01-21 | Process for the preparation of hypoallergenic mosaic proteins |
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US8709435B2 (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2014-04-29 | Biomay Ag | Hypallergenic mosaic antigens and methods of making same |
AT501101B1 (de) * | 2004-12-02 | 2008-01-15 | Biomay Ag | Protein-allergen-derivat |
DE102004058963A1 (de) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Zahnriemenscheibe |
ES2307381B1 (es) | 2006-04-12 | 2009-10-23 | Bial Industrial Farmaceutica S.A. | Proteinas quimericas hipoalergenicas pertenecientes a la familia de transportadoras de lipidos de parietaria judaica utiles para el tratami ento de alergias. |
AT503530A1 (de) | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-15 | Biomay Ag | Polypeptid mit allergenen eigenschaften |
AT503296B1 (de) * | 2006-05-03 | 2007-09-15 | Biomay Ag | Protein-allergen-derivat |
AT503690A1 (de) | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-15 | Biomay Ag | Hypoallergene moleküle |
US7806641B2 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2010-10-05 | Ascentool, Inc. | Substrate processing system having improved substrate transport system |
EP2042193A1 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-01 | Biomay AG | RNA Vaccines |
ES2638271T3 (es) * | 2008-03-25 | 2017-10-19 | Bial Industrial Farmaceutica, S.A. | Proteínas híbridas hipoalergénicas de alérgenos de ácaros del grupo 1 y 2 principales para uso en el tratamiento de alergias |
EP2295076A1 (en) * | 2009-09-10 | 2011-03-16 | Biomay Ag | Hypoallergenic hybrid polypeptides for the treatment of allergy |
AU2010312486B2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-10-10 | National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences | Protein having cedar pollen immunogenicity, polynucleotide for coding for said protein, and uses of said protein and polynucleotide |
CN104371016B (zh) | 2010-02-12 | 2018-05-15 | 过敏症研究实验室有限公司 | 过敏原提取物 |
EP2607376A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-26 | Biomay Ag | Hypoallergenic allergen derivatives of Pru p 3 for immunotherapy of IgE-mediated peach allergy |
EA034692B1 (ru) * | 2014-03-31 | 2020-03-06 | Бёрингер Ингельхайм Ветмедика Гмбх | Улучшенные транспортные молекулы модулярного антигена и их применение |
EP2952200A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-09 | Alk-Abelló A/S | Allergen for prophylactic treatment of allergy |
BR102017026619A2 (pt) | 2017-02-15 | 2018-10-30 | Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika Ag | ensaio melhorado para a diagnose de alergia a amendoim |
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US20060263391A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
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