JP4459057B2 - 高粘度指数を有する基油の調製方法 - Google Patents
高粘度指数を有する基油の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4459057B2 JP4459057B2 JP2004543801A JP2004543801A JP4459057B2 JP 4459057 B2 JP4459057 B2 JP 4459057B2 JP 2004543801 A JP2004543801 A JP 2004543801A JP 2004543801 A JP2004543801 A JP 2004543801A JP 4459057 B2 JP4459057 B2 JP 4459057B2
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- catalyst
- base oil
- preparing
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- feedstock
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Description
(1)原料油の5重量%未満が650°F(343℃)−生成物に転化されてVI増加が原料油のVIから4未満の増加である水素化処理された原料油を生成するように、有効な水素化処理条件下において、原料油を基準にして少なくとも約60重量%のワックス含有率を有する潤滑油原料油を水素化処理触媒で水素化処理する工程と;
(2)該水素化処理された原料油をストリッピングして液体生成物からガス状生成物を分離する工程と;
(3)有効な接触水素化脱ロウ条件下において、ZSM−48、ZSM−57、ZSM−23、ZSM−22、ZSM−35、フェリエライト、ECR−42、ITQ−13、MCM−71、MCM−68、ゼオライトベータ、フッ素化アルミナ、シリカ−アルミナ、またはフッ素化シリカアルミナのうちの少なくとも1つである脱ロウ触媒で該液体生成物を水素化脱ロウする工程であって、該脱ロウ触媒は、少なくとも1種の第9族または第10族貴金属を含有する工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする方法に関する。
(1)原料油の5重量%未満が650°F(343℃)−生成物に転化されてVI増加が原料油のVIから4未満の増加である水素化処理された原料油を生成するように、有効な水素化処理条件下において、原料油を基準にして少なくとも約50重量%のワックス含有率を有する潤滑油原料油を水素化処理触媒で水素化処理する工程と;
(2)該水素化処理された原料油をストリッピングして液体生成物からガス状生成物を分離する工程と;
(3)有効な接触水素化脱ロウ条件下において、ZSM−22、ZSM−23、ZSM−35、フェリエライト、ZSM−48、ZSM−57、ECR−42、ITQ−13、MCM−68、MCM−71、ゼオライトベータ、フッ素化アルミナ、シリカ−アルミナ、またはフッ素化シリカ−アルミナのうちの少なくとも1つである脱ロウ触媒で該液体生成物を水素化脱ロウする工程であって、該脱ロウ触媒は、少なくとも1種の第9族または第10族貴金属を含有する工程と;
(4)水素化精製条件下において、M41S族のメソ細孔性水素化精製触媒で工程(3)から得られた生成物を水素化精製する工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする方法に関する。
(1)原料油の5重量%未満が650°F(343℃)−生成物に転化されてVI増加が原料油のVIから4未満の増加である水素化処理された原料油を生成するように、有効な水素化処理条件下において、原料油を基準にして少なくとも約60重量%のワックス含有率を有する潤滑油原料油を水素化処理触媒で水素化処理する工程と;
(2)該水素化処理された原料油をストリッピングして液体生成物からガス状生成物を分離する工程と;
(3)有効な接触水素化脱ロウ条件下において、ZSM−48である脱ロウ触媒で該液体生成物を水素化脱ロウする工程であって、該脱ロウ触媒は、少なくとも1種の第9族または第10族貴金属を含有する工程と;
(4)水素化精製条件下において、MCM−41で工程(3)から得られた生成物を水素化精製する工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする方法に関する。
本発明の方法において使用される原料油は、ASTM D86またはASTM D2887により測定したときに、潤滑油範囲に沸点を有する、典型的には650°F(343℃)超の10%留出点を有するワックス含有原料であり、かつ鉱物源または合成源から誘導される。原料油のワックス含有率は、原料油を基準にして少なくとも約50重量%であり、100重量%までのワックスを有しうる。原料のワックス含有率は、核磁気共鳴分光法(ASTM D5292)により、相関n−d−M法(ASTM D3238)により、または溶媒法(ASTM D3235)により、決定可能である。ワックス質原料は、ラフィネートのような溶剤精製プロセスに由来する油、部分溶剤脱ロウ油、脱瀝油、留出物、減圧軽油、コーカーガス油、スラックワックス、フーツ油など、およびフィッシャー・トロプシュワックス、のようないくつかの供給源から誘導可能である。好ましい原料は、スラックワックスおよびフィッシャー・トロプシュワックスである。スラックワックスは、典型的には、溶剤脱ロウまたはプロパン脱ロウにより炭化水素原料から誘導される。スラックワックスは、いくらかの残油を含有し、典型的には脱油される。フーツ油は、脱油されたスラックワックスから誘導される。フィッシャー・トロプシュワックスは、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成法により調製される。
水素化処理では、触媒は、第6族金属(第1〜18族を有するIUPAC周期表方式に基づく)、第8〜10族金属、およびそれらの混合物を含む触媒のような水素化処理に有効な触媒である。好ましい金属としては、ニッケル、タングステン、モリブデン、コバルト、およびそれらの混合物が挙げられる。これらの金属または金属の混合物は、典型的には、耐火性金属酸化物担体に担持された酸化物または硫化物として存在する。金属の混合物は、また、バルク金属触媒として存在していてもよく、その場合、金属の量は、触媒を基準にして30重量%以上である。好適な金属酸化物担体としては、シリカ、アルミナ、シリカ−アルミナ、またはチタニアのような酸化物、好ましくはアルミナが挙げられる。好ましいアルミナは、ガンマまたはイータアルミナのような細孔性アルミナである。金属の量は、単独または混合物のいずれにおいても、触媒を基準にして約0.5〜35重量%の範囲である。第9〜10族金属と第6族金属との好ましい混合物の場合、第9〜10族金属は、触媒を基準にして0.5〜5重量%の量で存在し、第6族金属は、5〜30重量%の量で存在する。金属の量は、原子吸光分析、誘導結合プラズマ原子発光分析、または個々の金属に対してASTMにより規定された他の方法により、測定可能である。
脱ロウ触媒は、結晶質であっても非晶質であってもよい。結晶質材料は、少なくとも1つの10または12環チャネルを含有するモレキュラーシーブであり、アルミノシリケート(ゼオライト)またはシリコアルミノホスフェート(SAPO)を基材とするものであってよい。酸素化物処理に使用されるゼオライトは、少なくとも1つの10または12チャネルを含有しうる。そのようなゼオライトの例としては、ZSM−22、ZSM−23、ZSM−35、ZSM−48、ZSM−57、フェリエライト、ITQ−13、MCM−68、およびMCM−71が挙げられる。少なくとも1つの10環チャネルを含有するアルミノホスフェートの例としては、ECR−42が挙げられる。12環チャネルを含むモレキュラーシーブの例としては、ゼオライトベータおよびMCM−68が挙げられる。モレキュラーシーブについては、(特許文献1〜7)に記載されている。MCM−68については、(特許文献8)に記載されている。MCM−71およびITQ−13については、PCT公開出願(特許文献9)および(特許文献10)に記載されている。ECR−42については、(特許文献11)に開示されている。好ましい触媒としては、ZSM−48、ZSM−22、およびZSM−23が挙げられる。とくに好ましいのは、ZSM−48である。モレキュラーシーブは、好ましくは水素形である。還元は、脱ロウ工程時にそのままin situで行うことができるか、または他の容器でex situで行うことができる。
脱ロウから得られた生成物の少なくとも一部分は、分離することなく水素化精製工程に直接送られる。製品品質を所望の規格に調整するために、脱ロウから得られた生成物を水素化精製することが好ましい。水素化精製は、もしあれば潤滑油範囲オレフィンおよび残留芳香族化合物を飽和させ、さらにもしあれば残存するヘテロ原子および着色体を除去することを目的とした穏やかな水素化処理の形態である。脱ロウ後水素化精製は、通常、脱ロウ工程に続いて連続的に行われる。一般的には、水素化精製は、約150℃〜350℃、好ましくは180℃〜250℃の温度で行われるであろう。全圧力は、典型的には、2859〜20786kPa(約400〜3000psig)である。液空間速度は、典型的には0.1〜5LHSV(hr−1)、好ましくは0.5〜3hr−1であり、水素処理ガス速度は、44.5〜1780m3/m3(250〜10,000scf/B)である。
この実施例では、硫化型水素化脱ロウ触媒でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、240℃の低過酷度で水素化処理された150Nスラックワックスである。その性質は表1に与えられている。0.5%の繰返し精度を有するホウイロン・自動粘度計(Houillon Automated Viscometer)を用いて標準的なASTM試験(D445−94およびD2270−91)により粘度を測定した。流動点は、標準的なASTM試験(D 97)により決定される。硫黄および窒素の含有率は、それぞれ、標準的なASTM法D5453およびD4629により測定可能である。収率および流動点の誤差限界は、それぞれ、±1および±3である。
この実施例では、硫化型水素化脱ロウ触媒でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、150Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表4に与えられている。345℃のかなり高い過酷度で、原料を水素化処理した。
この実施例では、還元型水素化脱ロウ触媒でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、150Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表7に与えられている。
この実施例では、硫化型水素化脱ロウ触媒でクリーンな軽質原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、より高い油含有率を有する150Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表10に与えられている。
この実施例では、硫化型触媒でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、600Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表13に与えられている。
この実施例では、より高い水素化処理温度でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、600Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表16に与えられている。
この実施例の方法では、還元型水素化脱ロウ触媒でクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、600Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表19に与えられている。
この実施例では、ワックス中の油含有率が高いクリーンな原料を処理することにより、優れた収率で高品質の脱ロウ油を生成できることを示す。原料は、600Nスラックワックスであり、その性質は、表22に与えられている。
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも135の粘度指数(VI)を有する潤滑油基油を調製する方法であって、
(1)原料油の5重量%未満が650°F(343℃)−生成物に転化されて、VI増加が原料油のVIから4未満の増加である水素化処理された原料油を生成するように、150〜400℃の温度、1480〜20786kPaの圧力、0.1〜10hr −1 の液空間速度、および89〜1780m 3 /m 3 の水素処理速度を含む水素化処理条件下において、原料油基準で少なくとも60重量%のワックス含有率を有する潤滑油原料油を水素化処理触媒で水素化処理する工程と;
(2)該水素化処理された原料油をストリッピングして液体生成物からガス状生成物を分離する工程と;
(3)有効な接触水素化脱ロウ条件下において、ZSM−48である脱ロウ触媒で、該液体生成物を水素化脱ロウする工程であって、該脱ロウ触媒は、少なくとも1種の第9族または第10族貴金属を含有する水素化脱ロウ工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする潤滑油基油の調製方法。 - 前記水素化処理触媒は、少なくとも1種の第6族、第9族または第10族金属を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記脱ロウ触媒は、Pt、Pdまたはそれらの混合物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ条件は、250〜400℃の温度、791〜20786kPaの圧力、0.1〜10hr−1の液空間速度、および45〜1780m3/m3の水素処理速度を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記脱ロウ触媒は、硫化型、還元型または硫化還元型であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 工程(3)から得られる水素化脱ロウされた液体生成物は、有効な水素化精製条件下において水素化精製されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記水素化精製は、少なくとも1種の第6族、第9族または第10族金属を含有する水素化精製触媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記水素化精製は、M41S族のメソ細孔性触媒である水素化精製触媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
- 前記水素化精製触媒は、少なくとも1種の貴金属を含有することを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の潤滑油基油の調製方法。
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- 2003-10-07 EP EP03777738.0A patent/EP1551942B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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ES2688429T3 (es) | 2018-11-02 |
CA2501044A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CN100378202C (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
WO2004033597A2 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CN1703498A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
US20040108249A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
US7282137B2 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
WO2004033597A3 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
CN100564491C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
CN1703496A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
CA2501044C (en) | 2015-01-27 |
CN100532516C (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
JP2006502297A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
EP1551942A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
EP1551942B1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
AU2003286536A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
CN1703497A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
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