JP4456366B2 - 伸縮性の多成分不織布および製造方法 - Google Patents
伸縮性の多成分不織布および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4456366B2 JP4456366B2 JP2003556593A JP2003556593A JP4456366B2 JP 4456366 B2 JP4456366 B2 JP 4456366B2 JP 2003556593 A JP2003556593 A JP 2003556593A JP 2003556593 A JP2003556593 A JP 2003556593A JP 4456366 B2 JP4456366 B2 JP 4456366B2
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Description
加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを形成する工程と、
多成分繊維に三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させ、かつ、実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを収縮させるのに十分な温度に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを自由な収縮条件下で加熱する工程であって、熱処理された不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと実質的に非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合して、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成する工程と
を含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法に関する。
上の説明でおよび次に続く実施例で、報告される様々な特性および性質を測定するのに次の試験方法を用いた。ASTMは米国材料試験協会を意味する。
実施例で使用する多成分繊維についての捲縮性はエバンスに開示された方法に従って測定した。この方法は、フィラメント形の多成分繊維のラップ束に関して3つの長さ測定を行うことを含んでなる(この束はかせと言われる)。次にこれら3つの長さ測定を、多成分繊維の捲縮行動を記述する3つのパラメーターを計算するのに用いる。
1)多成分繊維のパッケージから1500デニールのかせを製造する。かせは円形束であるので、ループとして分析した場合総デニールは3000であろう。
2)かせを一端で吊し、300gm重りを他端に加える。かせを上下に4回穏やかに動かすことによってそれを運動させ、かせの初期長さ(Lo)を測定する。
3)300gm重りを4.5gm重りで置き換え、かせを沸騰水中に15分間浸漬する。
4)次に4.5gm重りを取り除き、かせを風乾させる。かせを再び吊して、4.5gm重りを戻す。4回運動させた後、かせの長さを再び量Lcとして測定する。
5)4.5gm重りを300gm重りで置き換え、再び4回運動させる。かせの長さを量Leとして測定する。
CD=捲縮発現=100×(Le−Lc)/Le
SS=かせ収縮=100×(Lo−Le)/Lo
CI=捲縮指数であり、上の手順で工程3を省略することを除いてCDと同じく計算する。
この性質は、試料の長さをそれぞれ縦方向または横方向で測定して、ウェブの10インチ(25.4cm)長さセクションを得ることによって縦方向または横方向に測定する。次に試料を弛緩条件下で(すなわち、自由な収縮が図1に描かれるもののように起こるかもしれないようなやり方で)80℃に20秒間加熱する。加熱後に、ウェブを室温に放冷し、試料の長さを測定する。%収縮は100×(10インチ−測定長さ)/10インチとして計算する。
試料を寸法6.75×6.75インチ(17.1×17.1cm)に切断し、重さを測定する。得られるグラム単位の質量は、オンス/ヤード2単位での坪量に等しい。次にこの数に33.91を乗じてg/m2単位に変換してもよい。
固有粘度(IV)は、50/50重量%トリフルオロ酢酸/塩化メチレンに溶解したポリエステルについてビスコテック(Viscotek)強制流れ粘度計(Forced Flow Viscometer)Y900(テキサス州ヒューストン(Houston))のビスコテック・コーポレーション)を使ってASTM D5225−92に基づく自動化方法に従って0.4グラム/dL濃度で19℃で測定した粘度を用いて求めた。
上の弾性のならびにそれぞれ、下で、TTM−074およびTTM−077で測定されるような有効伸張および布の伸びの定義に加えて、弾性伸びもまたこの方法に従って評価した。
各布試料について3検体を、各検体が60×6.5cmの寸法で切断する。長い寸法が延伸方向に対応する。各検体を5cm幅に揃えること。布の一端を折り重ねてループを形成し、検体の幅を横切ってシームを縫い合わせること。布の非ループ端から6.5cmに、水準基線「A」と言われる線を引くこと。水準基線「A」から50cm離して水準基線「B」として別の線を引くこと。次に試料を20±2℃および65±2%相対湿度で少なくとも16時間順化させる。次に、試料を、水準基線「A」点でクランプで留めて、試料が水準基線「A」の点およびその下から自由にぶら下がるように垂直に吊す。布のクランプで留めていない端で縫い合わせたループを用いて、30N(N=ニュートン)の荷重をかける。試料を該荷重で3秒間伸びるに任せることによってそれを運動させ、次に荷重を解除する。これを3回行い、次に荷重を再びかけて試料長さ(水準基線間の)を最も近いミリメートルまで記録する。平均有効伸張はこのように測定した3つの布試料から取る。
%有効伸張=(ML−GL)/GL×100
ML=30N荷重での水準基線間の長さ
GL=水準基線間の元の長さ
この試験を実施する前にTTM−074からの情報を先ず入手しなければならない。TTM−074と同じく製造される新たな検体を製造し、次にTTM−074で測定された有効伸張値の80%に伸ばす。検体をその伸ばされた状態に30分間保持する。次に検体を60分間自由に弛緩するに任せ、そのポイントで布の伸びを測定し、計算する。
%布の伸び=(L2×100)/L
L2=60分弛緩後の検体水準基線での増加
L=水準基線間の元の長さ
並列の二成分フィラメント糸を、255℃〜265℃の紡糸ブロック温度の円形68穴紡糸口金による0.52dl/gの固有粘度を有するポリエチレンテレフタレート(2GT)と1.00dl/gの固有粘度を有するポリトリメチレンテレフタレート(3GT)との通常の溶融紡糸によって製造した。溶融紡糸の間ずっとポリマー押出量の調節によって、フィラメント中のポリマー体積比を40/60 2GT/3GTに制御した。フィラメントを紡糸口金から450〜550m/分で引き出し、通常のクロスフロー空気によって急冷した。急冷したフィラメント束を次にその紡糸長さの4.4倍に延伸して、フィラメント当たり2.2のデニールを有する連続フィラメントの糸を形成し、それを170℃でアニールし、2100〜2400m/分で巻き取った。ステープルファイバーへの変換のために、糸の幾つかの巻き取ったパッケージをトウへ集め、通常のステープルトウ切断機へ供給して、1.5インチ(3.8cm)の切断長さと13.92%のCIおよび45.25%のCD値とを有するステープルファイバーを得た。
2層カードウェブを実施例1で記載したように製造し、実施例1で熱処理したウェブを接合するのに用いたのと同じ条件を用いてカレンダー接合機によって予備接合した。180cm長さ×50cm幅の寸法を有する予備接合したウェブの試料を、おおよそ15フィート/分(4.57m/分)で移動するベルト上へロールから解き、100℃のオーブン中へ搬送した。熱い型枠のベルト上に直接ウェブを置いている間にウェブを30秒間加熱した。ウェブは縦方向にたったの5パーセント、横方向に15パーセントだけ収縮し(20パーセントの面積収縮)、不満足なドレープ性を有した。接合した布は、不満足なドレープ性と共に、縦方向にたったの5%、横方向にたったの20%の弾性伸びを有した。詳細にわたる検査は、実施例1の生成物が一様な満足に形成された接合を有するのに対して、比較例Aの生成物が乱れた接合境界面と接合区域内のむらのある厚さとの不満足に形成された接合を有することを明らかにした。
実施例1の二成分フィラメントを2.75インチ(7cm)の長さに切断し、フィラメント当たり0.9デニールおよび1.45インチ(3.7cm)長さの商業2GTポリエステルステープルと50重量パーセントのレベルでブレンドした。該ポリエステルは、デラウェア州ウィルミントンのイー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー(E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company)(デュポン)から入手可能なT−90Sであった。
接合を熱収縮の前に行ったことを除いては、実施例2に従ってウェブを製造した。最終収縮は、4.0オンス/ヤード2(135.6g/m2)の最終重量の実施例2のものとおおよそ等しかった。手動評価した弾性伸びはおおよそ5%横方向および0%縦方向であった。最終生成物はまた実施例2の生成物よりも堅く、ドレープ性が小さかった。有効伸張は縦方向に7.2%、横方向に10.6%であった。布の伸びは縦方向に0.6%、横方向に1.0%であった。
この実施例の布は繊維の次のブレンド、50%2GT/3GT二成分繊維(1.5インチ、4.4dpf)、3GT単成分繊維(1.5インチ(3.8cm)および1.6dpf)を含んでなった。2GT/3GT二成分繊維は実施例2と同じものであった。3GT繊維は、該二成分繊維を製造するのに使用したものと同じ3GTポリマーから製造し、標準のステープルファイバー生産装置で製造した。
本発明の好適な実施の態様は次のとおりである。
1.加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを形成する工程と、
多成分繊維に三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させ、かつ、実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを収縮させるのに十分な温度に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを自由な収縮条件下で加熱する工程であって、熱処理された不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと実質的に非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合して、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成する工程と
を含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。
2.不織ウェブが少なくとも30重量パーセントの多成分繊維を含んでなる上記1に記載の方法。
3.実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが加熱工程の間に少なくとも25%の面積収縮を受ける上記1に記載の方法。
4.多成分繊維がステープルファイバーであり、機械的に捲縮しておらず、45%の最大CIを有し、かつ、量(CD−CI)が少なくとも15%である上記1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
5.多成分繊維が並列の二成分繊維である上記1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
6.二成分繊維がポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)とポリ(トリメチレンテレフタレート)とを含んでなる上記5に記載の方法。
7.実質的に非接合の不織ウェブがカードウェブである上記4に記載の方法。
8.熱処理され、かつ、接合された不織布が、その元の長さの少なくとも12%だけ不織布を延伸した後に約5%以下の永久ひずみを有する上記1に記載の方法。
9.接合がcm当たり約4〜8接合で間隔を置いて配置され、かつ、接合密度が平方センチメートル当たり約16〜62である上記1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
10.熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが熱点接合される上記1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
11.加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを提供する工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを、第1搬送速度を有する第1搬送表面で搬送する工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを第1搬送表面から移行帯を通して第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送表面が第2搬送速度を有し、実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯中の搬送表面に接触しないように実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送される工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれて該ウェブの面積収縮と該ウェブの速度の低下とをもたらす三次元スパイラル捲縮を多成分繊維に発現させるのに十分な温度に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを移行帯で加熱する工程であって、不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと実質的に非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を出る時に該ウェブを第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送速度が第1搬送速度よりも小さく、かつ、第2搬送速度が、該ウェブが移行帯を出て第2搬送表面に接触する時の熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブの速度におおよそ等しいように選択される工程と、
伸縮性の多成分接合不織布を形成するために熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合する工程と
を含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。
12.実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して自由落下される上記11に記載の方法。
13.実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送される時にそれがガスに浮遊している上記11に記載の方法。
14.実質的に非接合の不織ウェブの面積収縮が、ウェブが移行帯を出る時に実質的に完結している上記11に記載の方法。
15.加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを提供する工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを第1搬送速度を有する第1搬送表面で搬送する工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを、移行帯を通して第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送表面が第2搬送速度を有し、かつ、実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれて実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが低下する不織表面速度を有する工程と、
実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを、一連の少なくとも2個の駆動ロールで移行帯を通して搬送する工程であって、駆動ロールのそれぞれが外周線速度を有し、不織ウェブが各ロールに接触する時の不織ウェブの速度に各ロールの外周線速度がおおよそ等しくなるように該ウェブが移行帯を通して移動するにつれて該ロールの外周線速度が次第に低下する工程と、
不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれてその速度を低下させるように実質的に非接合の不織ウェブの面積収縮をもたらす三次元スパイラル捲縮を多成分繊維に発現させるのに十分な温度に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを移行帯で加熱する工程であって、不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと実質的に非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを、該ウェブが移行帯を出る時に第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送速度が第1搬送速度よりも小さく、かつ、第2搬送速度が、該ウェブが移行帯を出て第2搬送表面に接触する時の熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブの速度におおよそ等しいように選択される工程と、
熱処理された実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合して、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成する工程と
を含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。
16.隣接ロールの外周線速度が20%未満だけ変動する上記15に記載の方法。
17.隣接ロールの外周線速度が10%未満だけ変動する上記15に記載の方法。
18.実質的に非接合のウェブの面積収縮が、該ウェブが移行帯を出る時に実質的に完結している上記15に記載の方法。
19.加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを形成する工程と、
多成分繊維に三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させ、かつ、実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを収縮させるのに十分な温度に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを自由な収縮条件下で加熱する工程であって、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成するための三次元スパイラル捲縮の発現と実質的に同時に実質的に非接合の不織ウェブが一連の不連続接合で接合される工程とを含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。
20.加熱工程が実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを縦方向に収縮させる上記19に記載の方法。
21.加熱工程が実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを横方向に収縮させる上記19に記載の方法。
22.加熱工程が実質的に非接合の不織ウェブを縦方向および横方向の両方に収縮させる上記19に記載の方法。
23.加熱後に三次元スパイラル捲縮付きの約5%以下の永久ひずみを有する多成分繊維を含んでなる不織布であって、加熱後に接合された場合に布の伸びの最高レベルが少なくとも12%であり、かつ、該接合がcm当たり約4〜8接合で間隔を置いて配置され、cm2当たり約16〜62の密度を有する不織布。
24.布の伸びの最高レベルが少なくとも20%である上記23に記載の不織布。
25.少なくとも30重量パーセントの多成分繊維を含んでなる上記23に記載の不織布。
26.少なくとも40重量パーセントの多成分繊維を含んでなる上記25に記載の不織布。
27.多成分繊維がポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)とポリ(トリメチレンテレフタレート)との二成分繊維を含んでなる上記23に記載の不織布。
28.多成分繊維と、木綿、羊毛、および絹ならびにポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデンおよびポリウレタンを含む合成繊維、よりなる群から選択される三次元スパイラル捲縮していない繊維とのブレンドを含んでなる上記23に記載の不織布。
29.縦方向および横方向の有効伸張が少なくとも10%であり、かつ、布の伸びが有効伸張の20%以下である上記23に記載の不織布。
Claims (3)
- 加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる非接合の不織ウェブを提供する工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブを、第1搬送速度を有する第1搬送表面で搬送する工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブを第1搬送表面から移行帯を通して第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送表面が第2搬送速度を有し、非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯中の搬送表面に接触しないように非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送される工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれて該ウェブの面積収縮と該ウェブの速度の低下とをもたらす三次元スパイラル捲縮を多成分繊維に発現させるのに十分な温度に非接合の不織ウェブを移行帯で加熱する工程であって、不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を出る時に該ウェブを第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送速度が第1搬送速度よりも小さく、かつ、第2搬送速度が、該ウェブが移行帯を出て第2搬送表面に接触する時の熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブの速度におおよそ等しいように選択される工程と、
伸縮性の多成分接合不織布を形成するために熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合する工程と
を含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。 - 加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる非接合の不織ウェブを提供する工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブを第1搬送速度を有する第1搬送表面で搬送する工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブを、移行帯を通して第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送表面が第2搬送速度を有し、かつ、非接合の不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれて非接合の不織ウェブが低下する不織表面速度を有する工程と、
非接合の不織ウェブを、一連の少なくとも2個の駆動ロールで移行帯を通して搬送する工程であって、駆動ロールのそれぞれが外周線速度を有し、不織ウェブが各ロールに接触する時の不織ウェブの速度に各ロールの外周線速度がおおよそ等しくなるように該ウェブが移行帯を通して移動するにつれて該ロールの外周線速度が次第に低下する工程と、
不織ウェブが移行帯を通して搬送されるにつれてその速度を低下させるように非接合の不織ウェブの面積収縮をもたらす三次元スパイラル捲縮を多成分繊維に発現させるのに十分な温度に非接合の不織ウェブを移行帯で加熱する工程であって、不織ウェブが加熱工程の間ずっと非接合のままであるように加熱温度が選択される工程と、
熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブを、該ウェブが移行帯を出る時に第2搬送表面へ移行させる工程であって、第2搬送速度が第1搬送速度よりも小さく、かつ、第2搬送速度が、該ウェブが移行帯を出て第2搬送表面に接触する時の熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブの速度におおよそ等しいように選択される工程と、
熱処理された非接合の不織ウェブを一連の不連続接合で接合して、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成する工程と
を含んでなる収縮性不織布の製造方法。 - 加熱すると三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させることができる多成分繊維を含んでなる非接合の不織ウェブを形成する工程と、
多成分繊維に三次元スパイラル捲縮を発現させ、かつ、非接合の不織ウェブを収縮させるのに十分な温度に非接合の不織ウェブを、ウェブとウェブの収縮を制限する表面との間に何の接触もない自由な収縮条件下で加熱する工程であって、伸縮性の接合不織布を形成するための三次元スパイラル捲縮の発現と同時に非接合の不織ウェブが一連の不連続接合で接合される工程とを含んでなる伸縮性不織布の製造方法。
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US6548166B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-04-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stretchable fibers of polymers, spinnerets useful to form the fibers, and articles produced therefrom |
CA2458746C (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2010-10-26 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stretchable nonwoven web and method therefor |
US7036197B2 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2006-05-02 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Stretchable multiple-component nonwoven fabrics and methods for preparing |
-
2002
- 2002-12-13 US US10/318,466 patent/US7036197B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-16 BR BR0215340A patent/BR0215340B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-16 JP JP2003556593A patent/JP4456366B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-16 AU AU2002367151A patent/AU2002367151A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-16 KR KR1020047009555A patent/KR100890322B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-12-16 WO PCT/US2002/040128 patent/WO2003056086A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-12-16 DE DE2002606962 patent/DE60206962T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-16 CN CNB028257006A patent/CN100378261C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-16 EP EP02791417A patent/EP1456445B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-20 TW TW91136824A patent/TWI309682B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2005
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7036197B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
EP1456445B1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
KR100890322B1 (ko) | 2009-04-06 |
TWI309682B (en) | 2009-05-11 |
US20060148360A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
CN100378261C (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
DE60206962D1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
US8252706B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
US20030124938A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
KR20040073490A (ko) | 2004-08-19 |
DE60206962T2 (de) | 2006-07-27 |
WO2003056086A8 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
EP1456445A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
CN1606640A (zh) | 2005-04-13 |
JP2005521799A (ja) | 2005-07-21 |
HK1076845A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 |
TW200302891A (en) | 2003-08-16 |
WO2003056086A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
BR0215340B1 (pt) | 2013-11-12 |
BR0215340A (pt) | 2004-11-16 |
AU2002367151A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
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