JP4417106B2 - マグネシウム陽極酸化システム及び方法 - Google Patents
マグネシウム陽極酸化システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4417106B2 JP4417106B2 JP2003520879A JP2003520879A JP4417106B2 JP 4417106 B2 JP4417106 B2 JP 4417106B2 JP 2003520879 A JP2003520879 A JP 2003520879A JP 2003520879 A JP2003520879 A JP 2003520879A JP 4417106 B2 JP4417106 B2 JP 4417106B2
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- phosphate
- magnesium
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- electrolyte solution
- electrolyte
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 70
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940120146 EDTMP Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940048084 pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- -1 ammonia compound Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;dihydrofluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].F.[F-] KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODBPOHVSVJZQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;[2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-hydroxyphosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)([O-])=O ODBPOHVSVJZQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- BHUXAQIVYLDUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diethylamino)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(C)O BHUXAQIVYLDUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101001108245 Cavia porcellus Neuronal pentraxin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- STNGULMWFPMOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCC1=C(C)NC(C(=O)OCC)=C1C STNGULMWFPMOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/30—Anodisation of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Description
本発明の更なる態様及び利点は、例示のためのみに与えられる以下の記載から明らかになるであろう。
前記リン酸塩は、オルト-リン酸塩及び/またはピロ-リン酸塩を含んでも良い。
TEAは、金属イオン封鎖剤と共に作用して前述した驚くべき効果を生み出すようであるので、特に好ましいことが判明している。
1.電解質を以下のように調製した:
二水素オルトリン酸ナトリウム(NaH2PO4・2H2O)・・・・・・・・・6g/l
四ホウ酸ナトリウム(Na2B4O7・5H2O)・・・・・・・・・・・・・・30g/l
水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・およそ10g/l
エチレンジアミンテトラメチレンホスホン酸(C6H16O12N2P4)・・・・3g/l
二水素オルトリン酸ナトリウム(NaH2PO4・2H2O)・・・・・・・・6g/l
四ホウ酸ナトリウム(Na2B4O7・5H2O)・・・・・・・・・・・・・30g/l
水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・およそ10g/l
エチレンジアミンテトラメチレンホスホン酸(C6H16O12N2P4)・・・・3g/l
アクリル変性マレイン酸
(米国のCyanamid社によって製造された、P80(登録商標))・・200ppm
オルトリン酸イオン
TEA
10より大なるpHを与える適切な塩基
を含んでいた。
リン酸75% 100g/L
トリエタノールアミン99% 85g/L
水酸化カリウム溶液45% 210g/L(pH=11.2)
伝導性 20℃にて 70mS
電着した陽極層は、明灰色であり、14μmの厚さを有していた。
リン酸85% 90g/L
トリエタノールアミン99% 90g/L
Dequest 2066 2g/L
水酸化ナトリウム pH=11.0を達成する量
伝導性 20℃にて 75mS
電着した陽極層は、明灰色であり、10μmの厚さを有していた。
a.70℃にて高温NaOH及び洗浄剤中における脂肪除去、5分間
b.水中での濯ぎ、3分間
c.2%の二フッ化アンモニア溶液中に浸液、5分間
d.水での濯ぎ
水酸化カリウムが好ましいアルカリである。
Claims (15)
- マグネシウム材料の陽極酸化方法であって、前記マグネシウム材料を、7より大なるpHを有する水性電解質溶液中にてリン酸塩の存在下で浸液しつつ陽極酸化する工程を含み、前記電解質溶液が、あらゆる遊離のまたは余分なイオンを、これらが結合して白色粉末沈殿物等を生じ得ないように結合させるために、トリエタノールアミンと組み合わせて使用される金属イオン封鎖剤としてエチレンジアミンテトラメチレンホスホン酸を更に含む方法。
- 前記リン酸塩が、オルト-リン酸塩を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン酸塩が、ピロ-リン酸塩を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記リン酸塩が、アルカリ金属リン酸塩である、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記リン酸塩が、リン酸の形態である、またはリン酸によって提供される、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記pHが、9より大なることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記pHが、10.2乃至11.0の範囲である、請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質溶液が、アルカリ金属水酸化物を含む、請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属水酸化物がKOHである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質が、プラズマ抑制物質としてマレイン酸のアクリル変性物を更に含む、請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質溶液を通した電流が、パルスDC電流である、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質溶液を通した電流が、直線DC電流である、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記マグネシウム材料の陽極酸化を、陽極酸化のためのマグネシウム材料を調製するために計画した予備処理に次いで行う、請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の方法における使用のための、電解質溶液。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って陽極酸化されたマグネシウム材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ51270101 | 2001-08-14 | ||
PCT/NZ2002/000156 WO2003016596A1 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | Magnesium anodisation system and methods |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004538375A JP2004538375A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
JP4417106B2 true JP4417106B2 (ja) | 2010-02-17 |
Family
ID=19928533
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003520879A Expired - Fee Related JP4417106B2 (ja) | 2001-08-14 | 2002-08-14 | マグネシウム陽極酸化システム及び方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7396446B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4417106B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1306071C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002334458B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10297114B4 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2395491B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003016596A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
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WO2005089288A2 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-29 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co., Ltd. | Driver and drive method for organic bistable electrical device and organic led display |
US20110005922A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-13 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Methods and Apparatus for Protecting Plasma Chamber Surfaces |
WO2011003178A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | National Research Council Of Canada | Novel pulsed power supply for plasma electrolytic deposition and other processes |
NL2003250C2 (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2011-01-24 | Metal Membranes Com B V | Method for producing a membrane and such membrane. |
US8888982B2 (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2014-11-18 | Mks Instruments Inc. | Reduction of copper or trace metal contaminants in plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings |
JP5897423B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2016-03-30 | 勤欽股▲ふん▼有限公司 | マグネシウム材と樹脂部品の複合品及びその製造方法 |
GB2513575B (en) | 2013-04-29 | 2017-05-31 | Keronite Int Ltd | Corrosion and erosion-resistant mixed oxide coatings for the protection of chemical and plasma process chamber components |
RU2725747C2 (ru) * | 2015-08-26 | 2020-07-03 | ЭТИКОН ЭлЭлСи | Узел кассеты со скобами, содержащий различные зазоры для сжатия ткани и зазоры для формирования скоб |
EP3368706A4 (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2019-05-01 | Métal Protection Lenoli Inc. | ELECTROLYTIC METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF NON-FERROUS METALS |
CN106978618B (zh) * | 2017-04-04 | 2018-11-23 | 上饶市鸿基铝业有限公司 | 一种铝合金高效环保氧化工艺方法 |
KR20200089698A (ko) | 2017-11-17 | 2020-07-27 | 토아덴카 코., 엘티디. | 흑색 산화 피막을 구비하는 마그네슘 또는 알루미늄 금속 부재 및 그의 제조 방법 |
CN110592637B (zh) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-08-07 | 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 | 化成箔的制备方法及其应用 |
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AT45396B (de) | 1908-12-28 | 1910-12-10 | Frederick Clutsam | Klaviatur für Tasteninstrumente. |
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-
2002
- 2002-08-14 GB GB0404947A patent/GB2395491B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 CN CNB02816041XA patent/CN1306071C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-14 DE DE10297114T patent/DE10297114B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-14 WO PCT/NZ2002/000156 patent/WO2003016596A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-08-14 AU AU2002334458A patent/AU2002334458B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-08-14 US US10/486,696 patent/US7396446B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 JP JP2003520879A patent/JP4417106B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0404947D0 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
CN1306071C (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
GB2395491B (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US7396446B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 |
DE10297114T5 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
US20040238368A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
JP2004538375A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
DE10297114B4 (de) | 2011-07-07 |
CN1543517A (zh) | 2004-11-03 |
GB2395491A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
WO2003016596A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
AU2002334458B2 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
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