JP4230510B2 - 流動床反応装置における熱回収方法および装置 - Google Patents
流動床反応装置における熱回収方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
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- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
- F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
- F23C10/30—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
- F23C10/32—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed by controlling the rate of recirculation of particles separated from the flue gases
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
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- B01J2208/00548—Flow
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- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
- F23C2206/102—Control of recirculation rate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
- F23C2206/103—Cooling recirculating particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
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Description
Claims (23)
- 粒子状物質から成る床、および、流動化ガス用ノズル(26)を設けた底(24)を有し、前記底が該底から炉を制限する構成の炉(16)と、
前記粒子状物質から熱を回収するための熱交換表面(48)を設けた熱交換室(40)と、
前記熱交換室(40)から前記炉(16)に粒子状物質を移動させるために前記熱交換室の下部に接続された排出路(52)とを含む流動床反応装置(10)において、
前記熱交換室(40)から前記炉(16)に対して、および、前記炉(16)から前記熱交換室(40)に対して粒子状物質を送る概ね鉛直姿勢の補助経路(62)を、前記流動床反応装置(10)が有し、
前記補助経路(62)の下部に、流動化ガス用ノズル(68)、および、前記補助経路を前記炉(16)に接続する流れ導管(64)が設けられ、前記流動化ガス用ノズル(68)は前記流動床反応装置の別の流動化ガス用ノズルとは独立して調節可能であり、
前記補助経路(62)の上部に、前記補助経路(62)を前記熱交換室(40)に連結させる流れ導管(66)が設けられていることを特徴とする流動床反応装置(10)。 - 前記排出路(52)が概ね鉛直姿勢であって、前記排出路の下部に流動化ガス用ノズル(58)が配設され、前記排出路の下部に、前記熱交換室(40)を前記排出路(52)に接続するための流れ導管(50)が配設され、前記排出路の上部に、該排出路(52)を前記炉(16)に接続するための流れ導管(60)が配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記炉(16)、前記熱交換室(40)、前記排出路(52)、および、前記補助経路(62)が、前記炉(16)と前記熱交換室(40)の間に隣接して配設された前記排出路(52)および前記補助経路(62)を有する一体構造体を構成していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記炉(10)が2つの排出路(52)を有し、前記補助経路(62)が前記2つの排出路の間に配設されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記排出路(52)と前記補助経路(62)が、少なくとも部分的に同一高さ水準にあることを特徴とする請求項2に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の上部における前記流れ導管(66)が、前記排出路(52)の上部における前記流れ導管(60)よりも最大約500mm高い水準にあることを特徴とする請求項5に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の上部における前記流れ導管(66)が、前記排出路(52)の上部における前記導管(60)よりも最大約300mm高い水準にあることを特徴とする請求項6に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の下部における前記流れ導管(64)が、前記排出路(52)の下部における前記流れ導管(50)よりも高い水準にあることを特徴とする請求項2に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の下部における前記流れ導管(64)が、前記炉の前記底(24)よりも少なくとも200mm高い水準にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の下部が前記炉の前記底(24)の水準にあり、前記補助経路の下部における前記流れ導管(64)が、流動化ガスを前記炉(16)に向ける流動化ガス用ノズル(86)を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記補助経路(62)の下部における前記流れ導管(64)に、段差格子ノズル(86)が配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 流動化ガス用ノズルが、前記補助経路(62)の異なる高さ水準に配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記流動床反応装置が、前記炉(16)、前記熱交換室(40)または前記排出路(52)の温度、または、これらのうちの1つにおける前記粒子状物質の温度、または前記熱交換室内に配設された前記熱交換表面(48)を通って流される熱交換媒体の温度を測定するための手段(70)と、測定した前記温度に基づいて、前記補助経路(62)の下部に供給される前記流動化ガスの流速を調節する手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記熱交換室(40)が、前記流動床反応装置から前記熱交換室(40)に粒子状物質を供給するための第1手段(72、30、36)を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記炉(16)と前記熱交換室(40)が共通の壁部(14a)を有し、粒子状物質を前記熱交換室(40)に供給する前記第1手段が前記共通の壁部(14a)にある少なくとも1つの開口(72)を含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載された流動床反応装置。
- 前記流動床反応装置(10)が循環流動床反応装置であり、
排ガスおよびそれに付随する粒子状物質を前記炉(16)から排出するための排出口(28)が前記炉の上部に設けられ、
前記熱交換室(40)に粒子状物質を供給するための前記第1手段が、前記炉の前記排ガスから粒子を分離するための分離器(30)と、分離された前記粒子のうちの少なくとも一部を前記熱交換室(40)に誘導する戻り管(36)とを含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載された流動床反応装置。 - 流動床反応装置(10)で熱を回収する方法であり、
(a)炭素質燃料(18)および酸素流動化ガス(20)を前記流動床反応装置の炉に供給する段階と、
(b)加熱された床物質粒子を前記炉(16)から熱交換室(40)の上部に供給する段階と、
(c)前記熱交換室(40)内の前記加熱された床物質粒子から熱を回収し、それによって冷却された床物質粒子が得られる段階と、
(d)冷却された床物質粒子を、前記熱交換室(40)の下部から排出する段階とを含む前記方法において、
(e)前記流動床反応装置(10)の第1の運転状態で、加熱された床物質粒子を、前記熱交換室の上部から前記炉に対して、オーバーフローとして、概ね鉛直姿勢の補助経路(62)に沿って下向きに排出するとともに、
前記流動床反応装置(10)の第2の運転状態で、前記流動床反応装置の別の流動化ガス用ノズルとは独立して調節可能である前記補助経路内のノズル(68)を経て前記補助経路(62)の下部に供給される流動化ガスによって、前記炉(16)から前記熱交換室(40)に対して、前記概ね鉛直姿勢の補助経路(62)に沿って上向きに、加熱された床物質粒子を送る段階を含むことを特徴とする流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。 - 前記炉(16)から前記熱交換室に送られる加熱された床物質の量が、前記補助経路(62)の下部に供給される前記流動化ガスの量を変えることによって調節されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。
- (f)前記炉(16)、前記熱交換室(40)または前記排出路(52)の温度、または、これらのうちの1つにおける前記加熱された床物質の温度、または前記熱交換室内に配置された熱交換表面(48)を通って流される熱交換媒体の温度を測定する段階と、
前記段階(f)で測定された温度に基づき、前記段階(e)で前記補助経路の下部に供給された流動化ガスの量を調節する段階とを含むことを特徴とする請求項18に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。 - 前記流動床反応装置の負荷が高い場合、加熱された床物質粒子が、オーバーフローとして前記熱交換室(40)の上部から概ね鉛直姿勢の前記補助経路(62)に沿って下向きに排出され、
前記流動床反応装置の負荷が低い場合、加熱された床物質粒子が前記補助経路(62)の下部に供給された流動化ガスによって、前記炉(16)から前記熱交換室に対して、概ね鉛直姿勢の前記補助経路(62)に沿って上向きに送られることを特徴とする請求項17に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。 - 前記流動床反応装置(10)が循環流動床反応装置であり、前記段階(b)が、前記循環流動床反応装置における熱循環系の分離器(30)によって分離された粒子を前記熱交換室(40)に供給することによって実行されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。
- 前記段階(b)が、前記炉(16)から、直接、前記熱交換室(40)に、それらの共通の壁部(14a)にある開口(72)を通して粒子状物質を供給することによって実行されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。
- 前記段階(e)における前記第2の運転状態で、流動化ガスが複数の高さ水準で前記補助経路(62)に供給されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載された流動床反応装置で熱を回収する方法。
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FI20030574A FI114115B (fi) | 2003-04-15 | 2003-04-15 | Menetelmä ja laite lämmön talteenottamiseksi leijupetireaktorissa |
PCT/FI2004/000231 WO2004091768A1 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2004-04-14 | A method of and an apparatus for recovering heat in a fluidized bed reactor |
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US (1) | US7240639B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1613422B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4230510B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100438967C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE414567T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2521651C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004017848D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2318286T3 (ja) |
FI (1) | FI114115B (ja) |
PL (1) | PL1613422T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2300415C2 (ja) |
UA (1) | UA81313C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004091768A1 (ja) |
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WO2005119126A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dispositif a lit fluidise a agent comburant enrichi en oxygene |
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JP4081689B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-26 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社Ihi | 反応器一体型サイフォン |
EP2007744B1 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2017-05-17 | Pharmatherm Chemicals Inc. | Thermal extraction method for producing a taxane extract |
ES2539761T3 (es) | 2006-04-05 | 2015-07-03 | Woodland Biofuels Inc. | Sistema y método para convertir biomasa en etanol a través del gas de síntesis |
FI20065308L (fi) * | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-11 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Kiertopetikattilan leijupetilämmönvaihdin ja kiertopetikattilan, jossa on leijupetilämmönvaihdin |
US7905990B2 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2011-03-15 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Rapid thermal conversion of biomass |
US9163829B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2015-10-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Moving bed heat exchanger for circulating fluidized bed boiler |
US20090163756A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Uop Llc, A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Reactor cooler |
CN102046280B (zh) * | 2008-04-29 | 2013-08-07 | 清洁燃料股份有限公司 | 使用流化床将原材料流转化成产物流的方法以及用在该方法中的设备 |
FI121284B (fi) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-09-15 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Kiertoleijupetikattila |
FI20096170A (fi) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Menetelmä ja järjestely polttoaineen syöttämiseksi kiertoleijupetikattilaan |
FI123548B (fi) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-06-28 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Leijupetireaktorijärjestely |
US20110226195A1 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Foster Wheeler North America Corp. | Wall Construction for a Boiler Arrangement |
FI20105367A (fi) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-10 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Leijupetilämmönvaihdinrakenne kattilajärjestelylle |
US20110284359A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Uop Llc | Processes for controlling afterburn in a reheater and for controlling loss of entrained solid particles in combustion product flue gas |
US8499702B2 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2013-08-06 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Char-handling processes in a pyrolysis system |
FI20105979A0 (fi) * | 2010-09-23 | 2010-09-23 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Käsittelyjärjestely leijupetireaktorin petimateriaalin poistamiseksi leijupetireaktorista ja menetelmä leijupetireaktorin petimateriaalin poistamiseksi leijupetireaktorista |
US9441887B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2016-09-13 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Heat removal and recovery in biomass pyrolysis |
CN102840576B (zh) * | 2011-06-23 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | 带独立内外循环流化床换热器的循环流化床锅炉 |
US9347005B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2016-05-24 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
US10041667B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2018-08-07 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same |
US9044727B2 (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2015-06-02 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
US10400175B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2019-09-03 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material |
US9109177B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2015-08-18 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Systems and methods for renewable fuel |
US9670413B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2017-06-06 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for thermally converting biomass |
FI125773B (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2016-02-15 | Amec Foster Wheeler En Oy | LEIJUPETILÄMMÖNVAIHDIN |
EP3013922A4 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2017-02-08 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Systems and methods for renewable fuel |
WO2017034981A1 (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-02 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | Liquid biomass heating system |
ES2884109T3 (es) * | 2016-11-01 | 2021-12-10 | Valmet Technologies Oy | Caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante con un intercambiador de calor de sello de bucle |
EP3565664A4 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2020-08-05 | Ensyn Renewables, Inc. | LIQUID BIOMASS DEMETALLIZATION |
FI129147B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-08-13 | Valmet Technologies Oy | Fluidized bed boiler with gas lock heat exchanger |
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US5025350A (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1991-06-18 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Vehicle clearance lamp assembly |
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US5735682A (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1998-04-07 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Fluidized bed combustion system having an improved loop seal valve |
US5533471A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1996-07-09 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | fluidized bed reactor and method of operation thereof |
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FI962653A (fi) | 1996-06-27 | 1997-12-28 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Menetelmä ja laite kiinteistä hiukkasista tapahtuvan lämmön siirtymisen valvomiseksi leijupetireaktorissa |
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FI107758B (fi) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-09-28 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Kiertoleijureaktori |
WO2001073343A1 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd | Method of producing steam and an alternate product in a power plant |
US6237541B1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-05-29 | Kvaerner Pulping Oy | Process chamber in connection with a circulating fluidized bed reactor |
FI116417B (fi) * | 2004-07-01 | 2005-11-15 | Kvaerner Power Oy | Kiertoleijukattila |
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- 2004-04-14 UA UAA200510768A patent/UA81313C2/uk unknown
- 2004-04-14 WO PCT/FI2004/000231 patent/WO2004091768A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-04-14 CA CA002521651A patent/CA2521651C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-14 ES ES04727304T patent/ES2318286T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-14 PL PL04727304T patent/PL1613422T3/pl unknown
- 2004-04-14 CN CNB200480016675XA patent/CN100438967C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2004-04-14 DE DE602004017848T patent/DE602004017848D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070022924A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
CN1829566A (zh) | 2006-09-06 |
ES2318286T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
RU2300415C2 (ru) | 2007-06-10 |
FI114115B (fi) | 2004-08-13 |
CA2521651A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
FI20030574A0 (fi) | 2003-04-15 |
UA81313C2 (en) | 2007-12-25 |
PL1613422T3 (pl) | 2009-11-30 |
EP1613422A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
RU2005135429A (ru) | 2006-03-20 |
EP1613422B1 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
JP2006523525A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
CA2521651C (en) | 2008-01-29 |
US7240639B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 |
CN100438967C (zh) | 2008-12-03 |
ATE414567T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
DE602004017848D1 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
WO2004091768A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
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