JP3889026B2 - 磁性細胞およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
磁性細胞およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
日本口腔外科学会誌1997年2月号 p55−61 バイオマテリアル2003年2月号 p113−119
を含む、磁性細胞の滞留方法を提供する。
(第一の実施態様)
本発明に係る磁性細胞は、細胞表面に存在する接着成分の利用に基づくものである。図1は、本発明の第一の実施態様における磁性細胞10の概略図を示す。この磁性細胞10は、核30を有する細胞20の表面に発現している糖蛋白質40を、リンカー50を介して結合させた磁性粒子60を含む。本発明で利用する糖蛋白質40としては、以下のものに限定されるわけではないが、CD44やHLAが好ましい。
また、本発明に用いるリポソームの膜の構成成分として、グリセロリン脂質、スフィンゴリン脂質、グリセロ糖脂質、スフィンゴ糖脂質などを用いることもできる。本発明において、リポソーム膜を安定化する脂質成分として、ステロール類やトコフェロール類を用いることができる。前記のステロール類としては、一般にステロール類として知られるものであればよく、例えば、コレステロール、シトステロール、カンペステロール、スチグマステロール、ブラシカステロールなどが挙げられ、入手性などの点から、特に好ましくは、コレステロールが挙げられる。前記のトコフェロール類としては、一般にトコフェロールとして知られるものであればよく、例えば、入手性などの点から、市販のα−トコフェロールが好ましく挙げられる。
(第二の実施態様)
図2は、本発明の第二の実施態様における磁性細胞の概略図を示す。本発明の第二の実施態様では、細胞表面に存在するインテグリン110と、そのインテグリンに対して接着活性を有するペプチド120を利用する。前記ペプチドとしては、以下のものに限定されるわけではないが、RGDS(アルギニン−グリシン−アスパラギン酸−セリンの四つのアミノ酸から構成されるペプチド、分子量433.42)を挙げることができる。
1.磁気ビーズの活性化
磁気ビーズであるフェリスフェア100C原液(50mg/ml)(日本ペイント製)から3mg相当(60μl)をとり、0.01NNaOHを加え、ミキサーで10分間、室温で攪拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作をもう一度繰り返して、脱イオン水を加え、ミキサーで5分間、室温で攪拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作を3回繰り返した。磁気ビーズを活性化させるため、余分な水分を除去後、予め25mM 2−[N−モルフォリノ]エタンスルホン酸(以下「MES」という)(SIGMA社製)、pH5.0で50mg/mlに調製していた1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(以下、「EDC」という。)(SIGMA社製)とN−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(以下、「NHS」という。)(SIGMA社製)を50μlずつ、及び磁気ビーズをチューブ内でよく混合し、30分間、室温でゆっくりと転倒攪拌した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。最後に、25mM MES、pH5.0で2回洗浄し、最終的な溶液体積を40μlにした。
2.活性化後の抗体の固定化
60μlの25mM MESでラットのCD44抗体(20μg)(CHEMICON社製)を溶解し、上記活性化ビーズに添加し、3時間、室温でゆっくりと転倒攪拌させ、活性化ビーズへ抗体を固定化した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。ビーズと反応していない抗体を除くため、リン酸緩衝液中の0.05Mエタノールアミンを添加し、1時間室温でゆっくり転倒攪拌した。固定化されたビーズを0.5%BSA(SIGMA社製)のリン酸緩衝液で4℃、5分間洗浄した。この洗浄操作を4回繰り返した。1mlの0.5%BSAのリン酸緩衝液で懸濁して4℃で保存した。
3.固定化ビーズの細胞への結合
培養したラット骨髄間葉系幹細胞をdishからはがしてチューブに移し、4℃に10分間保存しておく。細胞懸濁液(1x106cells)に調製した上記ビーズを60μl添加した後、4℃で1時間ゆっくりと転倒攪拌して、抗原抗体反応させた。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。0.5%BSAのリン酸緩衝液で再懸濁させた。この洗浄操作を4回行った。リン酸緩衝液などに懸濁して実験に使用した。
(磁性リポソームを有する磁性細胞の調製)
1.N−[3−(2−ピリジルジチオ)プロピオニル]フォスファチジルエタノールアミン(以下「PDP−PE」という)の合成
無水エタノール3mlに25mgのN−スクシンイミジル3−(2−ピリジルジチオ)プロピオン酸エステルと50μmolのトリエチルアミンを溶解し、さらに50μmolのフォスファチジルエタノールアミンを溶解し攪拌した。5時間後、メタノールを減圧除去し、残留物をクロロホルムにて溶解した。150℃で一晩活性化したシリカゲルカラム(10ml)をクロロホルムで洗浄した。洗浄後反応物をカラムに流し、さらに20mlのクロロホルムで洗浄した。40:1、30:1、25:1、20:1および15:1のクロロホルム:メタノール混合溶液をそれぞれ20ml流して、最後に10:1の混合溶液を60ml流した。15:1および10:1の流出物を合わせて減圧濃縮した。
2.リポソームの調製
卵黄フォスファチジルコリン(Egg phosphatidylcholin)10μmol、コレステロール10μmolおよびPDP−PE 1μmol、を3mlのジエチルエーテルに溶解し、ジエチルエーテルを減圧気化した。磁性体鉄(Fe2O3)5mgおよび封入薬物(TGF−β、bFGF)を含んだ0.9%生理食塩水1mlおよびホウ酸/クエン酸バッファー(pH6.0)を加え、ボアテックスミキサーを用い振とう、フラスコ内に付着した薄層被膜を完全に剥離した。Bath sonicator(同上)にて50分超音波処理した。0.45Tの永久磁石(同上)を用い、作成した磁性体リポソームおよび封入されていない磁性体を溶液から分離した。1000xg(ppm)にて15分間遠心分離し、上澄みである磁性体リポソームと沈殿物の封入されていない磁性体を分離した。
3.リポソームと抗体との結合
60μlの25mM MESでヒトCD44抗体(20μg)を溶解し、作成したリポソームを添加し、3時間室温にてゆっくりと転倒攪拌させ、リポソームへ抗体を固定化した。反応後ネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。未反応の抗体を除去するため、0.05Mエタノールアミンのリン酸緩衝液を添加し、1時間、室温でゆっくりと転倒攪拌した。0.5%BSAのリン酸緩衝液で4℃、5分間洗浄した。この洗浄操作を4回繰り返した。1mlの0.5%BSAのリン酸緩衝液で懸濁安定化して4℃保存した。
4.抗体が固定化されたリポソームの細胞への結合
培養したヒト骨髄間葉系幹細胞をdishから剥がしてチューブに移し、4℃で10分間保存した。細胞懸濁液(1x106cells)辺りに調製したリポソームを添加した後、4℃で1時間、ゆっくりと転倒攪拌して、抗原抗体反応させた。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。0.5%BSAリン酸緩衝液で再懸濁した。この洗浄操作を4回行った。リン酸緩衝液などに懸濁したままで実験に使用した。
実験例1
(In vitro試験)
前述の方法により調製した磁性粒子と結合した骨髄間葉系幹細胞4x106cellsをシャーレに播いた。本実施例においては、シャーレの下部中央に4300Gの円形(直径5mm)のネオジム磁石を設置した。一方、比較例においては、磁石を設置しなかった。シャーレにTGF−βとデキサメタゾンを加えた。21日間培養後、トルイジンブルー染色により評価した。実施例においては軟骨様組織が磁石に相当する位置を中心に局在的に形成されていた。一方、比較例においては、軟骨様組織は局在的に形成されてはいなかった。
実験例2
(ラビットの膝間部における骨欠損修復)ラビットの膝関節部にバイオインダストリー2002.Vol.19.No.6 p47−53記載の方法に準じ、幅5mmの骨欠損を2箇所作成した。当該欠損部に実施例で得られた磁性細胞を3.0μg注射投与した。その後、700Gの磁場をもつ磁石を欠損部にあたる表面に9週間留置した。一方、比較例として外部磁場与えずに磁性細胞を投与した。その結果、実施例では軟骨細胞が骨欠損部で局在し、新生骨の架橋形成による骨欠損の修復が見られたが、一方外部磁場を与えなかった比較例では骨欠損の修復が見られなかった。
(磁性細胞の調製その2)
1.EDCとNHSを用いた磁気ビーズの活性化
フェリスフェア100C原液(50mg/ml)[日本ペイント社]から3mg相当(60μl)をとり、0.01NNaOHを加え、ミキサーで10分間、室温で撹拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作をもう一度繰り返して、脱イオン水を加え、ミキサーで5分間、室温で撹拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作を3回繰り返した。磁気ビーズを活性化させるため、余分な水分を除去後、予め25mM MES、pH5.0で50mg/mlに調製しておいたEDCとNHSを50μlずつ、磁気ビーズによく混合し、30分間、室温でゆっくりと転倒撹拌した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。最後に、25mM MES、pH5.0で2回洗浄した(最後の溶液体積を40μlにした)。
2.活性化後の抗体の固定化
60μlの25mM MES、pH5.0でrat CD44抗体[CHEMICON社]またはRGDS peptides[ペプチド研究所](20μg)を溶解し、活性化ビーズ(40μlの25mM MES pH5.0で懸濁)に添加し、3時間、室温でゆっくりと転倒撹拌させ、活性化ビーズへ抗体を固定化した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。ビーズと反応していない抗体を除くため、0.05M ethanolamine in PBS(−)pH8.0を添加し、1時間、室温でゆっくり転倒撹拌させた。固定化されたビーズを0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で4℃、5分間洗浄した。この洗浄操作を4回繰り返した。1mlの0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で懸濁して4℃保存した。
3.抗体が固定化されたビーズの細胞への結合
培養したラット骨髄間葉系幹細胞をdishから剥がしてチューブに移した。500μlの細胞懸濁液(2x105cells)辺りに調製したビーズを15μl添加した後、4℃で1時間、ときどき転倒撹拌して、抗原抗体反応させた。この時の反応緩衝液は0.5%BSA in PBS(−)を用いた。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で再懸濁した。この洗浄操作を3−4回行った。PBS(−)などに懸濁して実験に使用した。
(磁性細胞の調製その3)
1.EDCとNHSを用いた磁気ビーズの活性化
フェリスフェア100C原液(50mg/ml)[日本ペイント社]から3mg相当(60μl)をとり、0.01NNaOHを加え、ミキサーで10分間、室温で撹拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作をもう一度繰り返して、脱イオン水を加え、ミキサーで5分間、室温で撹拌して洗浄した。この洗浄操作を3回繰り返した。磁気ビーズを活性化させるため、余分な水分を除去後、予め25mM MES、pH5.0で50mg/mlに調製しておいたEDCとNHSを50μlずつ、磁気ビーズによく混合し、30分間、室温でゆっくりと転倒撹拌した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。最後に、25mM MES、pH5.0で2回洗浄した。(最後の溶液体積を40μlにした)。
2.活性化後の抗体の固定化
60μlの25mM MES、pH5.0でrat CD44抗体[CHEMICON社]またはRGDS peptides[ペプチド研究所](10ng)を溶解し、活性化ビーズ(40μlの25mM MESpH5.0で懸濁)に添加し、3時間、室温でゆっくりと転倒撹拌させ、活性化ビーズへ抗体を固定化した。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。ビーズと反応していない抗体を除くため、0.05M ethanolamine in PBS(−)pH8.0を添加し、1時間、室温でゆっくり転倒撹拌した。固定化されたビーズを0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で4℃、5分間洗浄した。この洗浄操作を4回繰り返した。1mlの0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で懸濁して4℃保存した。
3.抗体が固定化されたビーズの細胞への結合
培養したラット骨髄間葉系幹細胞をdishから剥がしてチューブに移す。500μlの細胞懸濁液(2x105cells)辺りに調製したビーズを1μl添加した後、CD44抗体の場合、冷蔵庫(4−10℃)で1時間、ときどき転倒撹拌して、抗原抗体反応させた。RGDS peptidesの場合、37℃で1時間、ときどき転倒撹拌して、細胞と反応させた。この時の反応緩衝液は0.5%BSA 4.4μM EDTA in PBS(−)を用いた。反応後のチューブをネオジム磁石の上に2分間置き、上清を除去した。0.5%BSA in PBS(−)で再懸濁させた。この洗浄操作を3−4回行った。PBS(−)などに懸濁して実験に使用した。
[図2]図2は、本発明の第二の実施態様における磁性細胞の概略図を示す。
[図3]図3は、再生医療としての軟骨の修復を説明する図である。
[図4]図4は、本発明に係る磁性細胞を関節内注射1ヶ月後、約72時間の外部磁場不存在下(A)および外部磁場存在下(B)において、観測された顕微鏡写真(50倍)を示す。
[図5]図5は、本発明による磁性細胞の調製その2(A)と、その3(B)にて調製された磁性細胞を、ラット骨髄間葉幹細胞中において観測された顕微鏡写真(480倍)を示す。
[図6]図6は、本発明によるCD44またはRGDSペプチドを介して作成した磁性細胞(ラット骨髄間葉系幹細胞)を、軟骨誘導培地を用いたペレット培養をし、21日培養後、RT−PCT法でTypeII Collagen,AggrecanのmRNA(遺伝子)の発現を検討した結果を示す。
[図7]図7は、ラット神経幹細胞を用いて、本発明に係る磁性細胞が形成される状態を説明する写真を示す。(A)は、400倍の写真であり、(B)は1600倍の写真でる。
Claims (1)
- 骨髄間葉系幹細胞から軟骨様組織の形成方法であって、
前記骨髄間葉系幹細胞と、前記細胞の表面にある接着分子と、CD44抗体を用いて抗原抗体反応で結合しているリンカーと、前記細胞の表面に、前記リンカーを介して結合し、少なくとも磁性体を包含する磁性粒子と、を含み、さらにTGF−βを包含する磁性細胞を用意する工程と、
磁石を用いて前記磁性細胞を培養する工程と、
を含む方法。
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Cited By (1)
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US10421988B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2019-09-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and assembly for determining cell vitalities |
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US8701676B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
CN1742080A (zh) | 2006-03-01 |
ATE491781T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
DE602004030579D1 (de) | 2011-01-27 |
EP2182053A1 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
CN101173250A (zh) | 2008-05-07 |
US20060264690A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
EP1650293B1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
EP1650293A4 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
KR100743341B1 (ko) | 2007-07-26 |
JPWO2005001070A1 (ja) | 2006-07-27 |
EP1650293A1 (en) | 2006-04-26 |
KR100799060B1 (ko) | 2008-01-29 |
ES2358176T3 (es) | 2011-05-06 |
US20100132722A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
CN100374550C (zh) | 2008-03-12 |
US7971592B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 |
WO2005001070A1 (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
KR20070047849A (ko) | 2007-05-07 |
KR20050084315A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
EP2360240A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
CN101173250B (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
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