JP3642733B2 - Equipment for separating and collecting laminated glass into glass pieces and interlayer pieces - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing laminated glass, separating it into glass pieces and intermediate film pieces, and collecting them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass, an intermediate film 5c made of a transparent resin such as polyvinyl butyral is sandwiched between two glass plates 5a and 5b, and the laminated glass 5 is integrally bonded. Used for windshields of automobiles and window glass of buildings.
[0003]
In recent years, the reuse of resources has been promoted in order to keep the global environment clean, and it has become a defective product in the manufacturing process of used waste laminated glass or laminated glass such as windows for vehicles and windows for buildings. Regarding laminated glass, attempts have been made to separate the laminated glass into a glass portion and an intermediate film portion and reuse them.
[0004]
As such a technique, JP-A-6-190298 and JP-A-7-155634 disclose a plate-shaped building material crushing apparatus and a waste glass product crusher.
[0005]
Furthermore, in JP-A-5-309655, as a method of treating laminated glass, laminated glass is crushed to obtain a glass piece-attached intermediate film, and the film is placed in a water tank and rotated with a stirrer to swell the intermediate film. However, a method is disclosed in which a shearing force is applied to the intermediate film using a difference in speed from water as a specific condition.
[0006]
Furthermore, in JP-A-6-219793, after the laminated glass is cooled to -10 ° C. or lower to reduce the adhesive strength of the synthetic resin film, the laminated glass is impacted with a hammer or the like to crush the glass. At the same time, a method and apparatus for separating, taking out and recovering from a synthetic resin membrane is disclosed.
[0007]
On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-149340 filed by the present applicant, a plurality of rotatable impactors are provided in a crushing chamber having a laminated glass inlet at an upper portion and an outlet at a lower portion. Discloses a device for crushing and collecting glass from a laminated glass plate comprising a small-mouth outlet and a large-mouth outlet provided sequentially with respect to the rotation direction of the impactor.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above prior art has the following problems.
[0009]
The inventions described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-190298 and 7-155634 disclose that the object to be pulverized is not laminated glass but is completely applied to the glass part and the intermediate film part when applied to the laminated glass. It is considered difficult to separate.
[0010]
Further, in the invention described in JP-A-5-309655, the intermediate film to which the glass piece after separately pulverized is attached has to be immersed in water to swell, which is effective when the amount to be processed is small. However, it is difficult to cope with the increase in processing amount.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-219793, a separate facility for cooling the laminated glass to −10 ° C. or less is required, resulting in a problem that the cost of the facility is increased.
[0012]
In the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-149340 by the present applicant, the recovered glass portion can be reused, but the glass film is still attached to the intermediate film portion. Therefore, it could not be reused and had to be disposed of as industrial waste.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, that is, to crush the waste laminated glass with a simple structure and then crush it to separate it into a glass piece and an intermediate film piece, which can be recovered and used. Yes, by installing a crusher that crushes laminated glass to a certain size in front of a crusher that crushes laminated glass into pieces, it can be used for windshields for automobiles, window glass for buildings, etc. In this apparatus, waste glass is introduced as it is, that is, in a large size, and is continuously processed to separate into glass pieces and intermediate film pieces.
[0014]
The present invention is a crusher in which the crushing means for crushing a laminated glass composed of a pair of glass and an interlayer film is a set of rotatable metal rolls provided with protrusions and / or cutting blades adjacent to the roll surface , After the glass portion is broken into a turtle shell shape by the crusher , a shearing force is applied, and the transparent resin portion that is an intermediate film is stretched, and an upper inlet for inserting a torn or torn laminated glass is provided. The cylindrical casing is provided with a crushing means comprising a plurality of hammers capable of rotating at high speed inside the provided cylindrical casing, and the cylindrical casing has a slit-like discharge port for discharging a mixture of the glass piece and the intermediate film piece crushed by the crushing means. A mixture of glass pieces and intermediate film pieces dropped onto the mesh of the vibration sieve, and a vibration sieve having a mesh provided below the crusher. By separating the glass piece and the intermediate film piece by the operation, a device for collecting separated into the glass pieces and the intermediate film piece laminated glass.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus of the present invention has a configuration in which a crusher 1 and a crusher 2 are provided up and down, and a conveyor 4 for conveying laminated glass 5 is disposed on the crusher 1.
[0017]
In order to crush the laminated glass 5, the crusher 1 that crushes the laminated glass 5 fed from the conveyor 4 is an example of a crushing means that is a main part of the crusher 1, as shown in FIGS. A set of rotatable metal rolls 1 a provided with protrusions 1 b and / or cutting blades 1 c on the surface of the roll 1 a are used as crushing means.
[0018]
2A is a front view of an example of the crushing means in which the protrusion 1b is provided on the surface of the roll 1a, and FIG. 2B is a side view. Moreover, (a) of FIG. 3 is a front view of an example of the said crushing means which provided the cutting blade 1c on the roll 1a surface, and (b) of FIG. 3 is a side view. When the laminated glass 5 is inserted between the rolls 1a, the laminated glass 5 is pressed by a projection 1b or a cutting blade 1c provided on a set of metal rolls 1a rotated by a driving source such as a motor (not shown). After the glass portion is broken into a turtle shell shape, a shearing force is applied, and the transparent resin portion, which is an intermediate film, is stretched, torn or torn. By the crusher, the glass part of the laminated glass is broken, the transparent resin part is stretched, torn, or torn, so that the crushing by the crusher 2 provided in the subsequent stage is facilitated. The plurality of hammers 11, 11,... That rotate at high speed, which is a crushing means, have a smaller impact when colliding with the glass portion and break the glass, and the plurality of hammers 11, 11,. Damage to the rotating part is reduced.
[0019]
The laminated glass 5 was broken into a turtle shell shape by devising the number and shape of the protrusions 1b provided on the metal roll 1a, which is the crushing means of the crusher 1 constituting the apparatus of the present invention, and the shape of the cutting blade 1c. It is possible to adjust the area of the small glass portion at the time.
[0020]
If the area of the glass part is too small, the intermediate film part is entangled with the rotating part of the subsequent crusher 2, and if the area of the glass part is too large, the hammer parts 11, 11,.・ Damage to.
[0021]
In the apparatus of the present invention of a scale in which a large-sized laminated glass 5 such as a windshield for an automobile can be input as it is without breaking in advance, and separated and recovered into a glass piece 6 and an intermediate film piece 7. A preferable area of each glass portion that is put into a tortoiseshell shape and is attached to the intermediate film after being crushed by the crusher 1 and charged into the crusher 2 constituting the apparatus of the present invention is 200 cm ^2. ˜450 cm ² . If it is 200 cm ² or less, it will be entangled with the rotating parts such as the handles of the hammers 11, 11,... Moreover, at 450 cm < ² > or more, the impact when breaking the glass portion with the hammers 11, 11,... Is too great and damages the hammers 11, 11,.
[0022]
Moreover, in the metal roll 1a which is the crushing means of the crusher 1 which comprises the apparatus of this invention, you may provide both the processus | protrusion 1b and the cutting blade 1c in one metal roll 1a.
[0023]
For example, the laminated glass 5 can be divided by passing the laminated glass 5 between a pair of rotating rolls 1a provided with a crushing projection 1b and provided with a cutting blade 1c.
[0024]
Furthermore, a plurality of the metal rolls 1a may be used in the crusher 1 constituting the apparatus of the present invention. After passing the laminated glass between the pair of rotating metal rolls 1a provided with the protrusions 1b, the laminated glass 5 is continuously passed between the pair of metal rolls 1a provided with the cutting blade 1c rotating in the same direction. Thus, the laminated glass 5 can be divided.
[0025]
The laminated glass 5 after being crushed by the crusher 1 is dropped directly from the crusher 1 to the inlet 12 of the crusher 2 and supplied into the cylindrical casing 10 of the crusher 2.
[0026]
The pulverizer 2 constituting the apparatus of the present invention has a cylindrical casing 10 turned sideways, and a rotary shaft directly connected to a motor (not shown) is provided in the center of the cylindrical casing 10, and the motor is driven to rotate on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft. Are provided with a plurality of hammers 11, 11,. The number of rotations of the motor that rotates the hammers 11, 11,... Provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft depends on the amount of laminated glass 5 crushed by the crusher 1 and the crushing conditions such as the area of a small piece of glass. Since it is necessary to change, it is preferable to be able to control the rotation speed. By changing the rotation speed, the rotation speed of the hammers 11, 11,... Provided on the outer periphery of the rotation shaft can be controlled.
[0027]
In addition, since the hammers 11, 11,... Are worn by collision with glass, they are preferably made of metal or alloy that does not contain nickel as a composition. When nickel powder is generated from the hammers 11, 11,... By glass collision and mixed with the glass powder, there is a possibility that a defect caused by nickel may occur in the manufactured glass when the glass powder is reused as a glass raw material. There is.
[0028]
Moreover, the crusher 2 which comprises the apparatus of this invention has the inlet 12 of the crushed laminated glass 5 in the upper part of the cylindrical casing 10, and the discharge port 13 of the glass piece 6 after grinding | pulverization and the intermediate film piece 7 is cylindrical. At the bottom of the casing 10.
[0029]
The discharge port 13 is partitioned in a slit shape, and a difference is provided in the size of each partitioned opening. The reason why the size of the opening is different is that the glass piece 6 generated by the collision between the broken laminated glass 5 and the hammers 11, 11,... This is because the intermediate film piece 7 that falls quickly from the narrow opening and adheres a small amount of fine glass pieces is dropped from the opening having a wide slit interval provided later in the rotation direction. In addition, the intermediate film piece on which a large number of glass pieces are adhered and still maintains rigidity can collide with the hammers 11, 11,... While rotating inside the cylindrical casing 10 again without falling from the opening. The efficiency which isolate | separates the laminated glass 5 into the glass piece 6 and the intermediate film piece 7 can be raised.
[0030]
In the apparatus of the present invention, the large-sized laminated glass 5 such as a windshield for automobiles can be thrown in as it is without being broken and separated and recovered into the glass piece 6 and the intermediate film piece 7. In the discharge port 13 of the pulverizer 2 constituting the apparatus, the preferred interval and number of the openings partitioned into slits were tested by the present inventors, and the openings having a slit interval of 5 mm to 15 mm in the rotation direction were tested. 20 to 30 pieces were provided, and subsequently, 2 to 3 openings having a slit interval of 60 mm to 80 mm were provided.
[0031]
The mixture of the glass piece 6 and the intermediate film piece 7 to which the glass piece is adhered, which is discharged from the discharge port 13 including the plurality of slit-shaped openings, falls onto the mesh of the vibrating sieve 3 constituting the apparatus of the present invention. Let
[0032]
The vibrating sieve 3 is vibrated by a driving source (not shown), and a mixture of the glass piece 6 dropped from the discharge port 13 of the crusher 2 on the mesh of the vibrating sieve 3 and the intermediate film piece 7 to which the glass piece is adhered is The glass piece 6 is dropped below the mesh gap by the vibration 3 and collected in the glass piece collection box 8, and the intermediate film piece 7 does not fall from the mesh gap and is separated from the adhering glass piece. 3 is dropped into the intermediate film piece collection box 9 from the end of 3 and collected.
[0033]
Next, the operation of the apparatus for separating and collecting the laminated glass 5 of the present invention into the glass piece 6 and the intermediate film piece 7 and the usage example will be described.
[0034]
Before using the apparatus of the present invention, the laminated glass 5 to be processed is not colored in the intermediate film, and is separated according to the material of the intermediate film (polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc.) Separation is preferred because different types of recovered materials do not mix during reuse after separation and recovery.
[0035]
First, the laminated glass 5 is transported by the transport conveyor 4 and put between a pair of metal rolls that are the crushing means of the crusher 1. After the laminated glass 5 is sandwiched between rolls by a rotating metal roll, the glass part is broken by a protrusion or a cutting blade provided on the roll surface, the intermediate film part is stretched, torn or torn After being shredded, it is put into a charging port 12 provided on the upper part of the cylindrical casing 10 of the crusher 2 disposed below the crusher 1.
[0036]
The laminated glass 5 crushed by the crusher 1 is crushed by collision with a plurality of high-speed rotating hammers 11, 11,... 6 and an intermediate film piece 7 to which a small amount of fine glass pieces adhere, and is discharged from a discharge port 13 provided in the lower part of the cylindrical casing 10.
[0037]
The discharged glass piece 6 and intermediate film piece 7 fall on the mesh of the vibration sieve 3 disposed below the pulverizer 2. Since the glass piece 6 is fine, it passes through the mesh hole and is collected in the glass piece collection box 8. Since the intermediate film piece 7 is larger in size than the mesh, by inclining the mesh, it is carried by vibration on the mesh and collected in the intermediate film piece collection box 9. The intermediate film piece 7 to which a small amount of fine glass pieces adheres is rubbed on the mesh by vibration to be carried on the mesh while separating the glass pieces and collected in the intermediate film piece collection box 9.
[0038]
If the intermediate film piece 7 separated and recovered in the intermediate film piece recovery box 9 is washed with water, a small amount of glass powder adhering to the surface of the intermediate film piece 7 is removed, and the quality of the recovered intermediate film piece 7 is improved. improves.
[0039]
In order to know the adhesion ratio of the glass powder adhering to the intermediate film piece 7, the intermediate film piece 7 having a predetermined weight can be burned, and calculation can be made based on the residue after combustion, that is, the weight of the remaining glass.
[0040]
The preferred embodiment has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various applications are possible.
[0041]
That is, the pulverizer 2 is not limited to one stage but may be two or more stages, and a plurality of pulverizers may be used. By using a plurality of pulverizers 2, the apparatus becomes large, but by adjusting the slit width of the discharge port 13 of each pulverizer 2 and widening the interval of the slit width in the previous stage, the glass piece 6 and the intermediate film The efficiency of separating into pieces 7 can be increased.
[0042]
The laminated glass 5 to be processed by an apparatus for separating and collecting the laminated glass 5 of the present invention into a glass piece 6 and an interlayer film piece 7 is any of laminated glass using a single plate tempered glass, a semi-tempered glass or an untempered glass. But it ’s okay.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
An apparatus that separates and collects the laminated glass of the present invention into a glass piece and an interlayer film piece, crushes the laminated glass that is no longer needed, crushes it, separates it into a glass piece and an interlayer film piece, and collects it Can be reused, so that resources can be used effectively and environmental measures can be taken.
[0044]
In addition, the apparatus of the present invention is excellent in processing efficiency because a large laminated glass such as a windshield of an automobile can be continuously crushed and crushed and separated and recovered into a glass piece and an intermediate film piece.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an apparatus for separating and recovering a laminated glass of the present invention into a glass piece and an intermediate film piece.
FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of an example of crushing means that is a main part of a crusher constituting the apparatus of the present invention.
(B) It is a side view of an example of the crushing means which is the principal part of the crusher which comprises the apparatus of this invention.
FIG. 3 (a) is a front view of an example of crushing means that is a main part of a crusher constituting the apparatus of the present invention.
(B) It is a side view of an example of the crushing means which is the principal part of the crusher which comprises the apparatus of this invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Crusher 3 Vibrating sieve 4 Conveyor 5 Laminated glass 6 Glass piece 7 Intermediate film piece 8 Glass piece collection box 9 Intermediate film piece collection box 10 Cylindrical casing 11 Hammer 12 Inlet 13 Outlet

Claims (1)

A crushing means for crushing a laminated glass composed of a pair of glass and an intermediate film is a set of rotatable metal rolls provided with protrusions and / or cutting blades adjacent to the roll surface , and the crusher After the glass part is broken into a tortoiseshell shape, a shearing force is applied, the transparent resin part that is the interlayer film is stretched, torn, or a cylindrical shape that is provided with an upper inlet for feeding the broken laminated glass A crushing means comprising a plurality of hammers capable of rotating at high speed is provided inside the casing, and a slit-like discharge port for discharging a mixture of the glass piece and the intermediate film piece crushed by the crushing means is provided in the lower part of the cylindrical casing. A mixture of glass pieces and intermediate film pieces dropped on the mesh of the vibration sieve by the operation of the vibration sieve. By separating the glass piece and the intermediate film strip, apparatus for recovering separated into the glass pieces and the intermediate film piece laminated glass.

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