JP4218109B2 - Cathode ray tube recycling method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for recycling a cathode ray tube (CRT).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Video equipment (such as a television receiver with a cathode ray tube or a personal computer or a display monitor) to be discarded is dismantled and separated and recycled (recycled) for each constituent material.
The cathode ray tube is divided into funnel glass containing lead and panel glass not containing lead, and each is reused separately.
[0003]
For example, JP-A-5-185064 and JP-A-9-103762 have been proposed as a cathode ray tube regeneration processing method.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in JP-A-5-185064, since the cullet glass is cleaned by a dry rubber friction method, it takes time and the rubber pieces constituting the abrasive must be collected.
In JP-A-9-103762, since the crushed cullet glass is washed while being stirred, there is a possibility that it cannot be processed in a short time.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to automate the recycling process of a cathode ray tube efficiently in a short time and shorten the total length of the processing apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the cathode ray tube recycling method in the present invention is:
(1) After cutting a V-shaped groove around the cathode ray tube, the cathode tube is separated into a funnel portion and a panel portion by alternately applying hot water and cold water, or the tube is wound around the cathode ray tube. A cathode ray tube separation process in which hot water and cold water are alternately supplied into the tube to separate the funnel portion and the panel portion, or a metal wire is wound around the cathode ray tube and energized and heated to separate the funnel portion and the panel portion. Any one of the steps of separating the cathode ray tube,
(2) a step of crushing the funnel portion and the panel portion constituting the cathode ray tube separately into cullet glass, and (3) a step of magnetically selecting the metal and the cullet glass containing the metal,
(4) Furthermore, a vibration sieving step for eliminating the overlap of the cullet glass and arranging the cullet glass flat on a conveyor;
(5) and a plurality of low-pressure blast cleaning steps for separately cleaning each cullet glass, a blower pressure of 1 kgf / cm ↑ 2 or less, and a wind speed of 150 to 200 m / second,
(6) Further, a phosphor recovery step of recovering the phosphor by vacuum suction is provided.
[0007]
In addition, the cathode ray tube recycling apparatus in the present invention,
(1) After cutting a V-shaped groove around the cathode ray tube, hot water and cold water are alternately applied to separate the funnel portion and the panel portion into a cathode ray tube separation device, or hot water is wound around the cathode ray tube. A cathode ray tube separation device that alternately supplies water and cold water into the tube to separate it into a funnel portion and a panel portion, or a cathode wire that winds and heats a metal wire around the cathode ray tube and separates it into a funnel portion and a panel portion Either one of the tube separators,
(2) Hammer-type crusher that crushes the separated funnel part to 1-5 cm square by a rotary blade with a blade standing on the drum cylindrical surface, and a plate-like blade on the plate surface. A grid-type blade erected in a grid shape, and a pressure crusher that crushes the separated panel portion into a size of 1 to 5 cm square,
(3) Furthermore, a magnetic separator for magnetically selecting metal and cullet glass containing metal is provided,
(4) Furthermore, it is equipped with a vibrating screen that eliminates the overlap of cullet glass and arranges the cullet glass flat on a conveyor,
(5) Furthermore, it comprises a plurality of low-pressure blast washing machines for separately washing each cullet glass, the pressure of the blower is 1 kgf / cm ↑ 2 or less, the wind speed is 150 to 200 m / second,
(6) Further, a phosphor recovery device for recovering the phosphor by vacuum suction is provided.
[0008]
With the above configuration, recycling of the cathode ray tube can be automated in a short time. Moreover, the total length of the recycling apparatus can be shortened. As a result, the recycling rate is improved, which helps environmental conservation and effective use of resources.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The first invention in the present invention includes a step of crushing the funnel portion and the panel portion constituting the cathode ray tube separately into cullet glass, and a low-pressure air containing each of the cullet glasses separately with an abrasive. And a blast cleaning process. The cathode ray tube recycling method is characterized in that the cathode ray tube can be recycled in a short time.
[0010]
Further, the second invention is a cathode ray tube separation step in which a V-shaped groove is cut around the cathode ray tube and then separated into a funnel portion and a panel portion by alternately applying hot water and cold water, or around the cathode ray tube. A first aspect of the invention comprising a cathode ray tube separation step in which a tube is wound and hot water and cold water are alternately supplied into the tube and separated into a funnel portion and a panel portion. The cathode ray tube recycling method described above enables the cathode ray tube to be efficiently and reliably separated into a funnel portion and a panel portion.
[0011]
Furthermore, the third invention is a plurality of crushers for separately crushing the funnel part and the panel part constituting the cathode ray tube into cullet glass, and a plurality of low-pressure blast washing machines for separately cleaning the respective cullet glasses. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus is characterized in that the cathode ray tube recycling process can be automated.
[0012]
Further, the fourth invention is a cathode ray tube separation device for cutting a V-shaped groove around the cathode ray tube and then separating the funnel portion and the panel portion by alternately applying hot water and cold water, or a tube around the cathode ray tube. Any one of the first to third inventions characterized by comprising either one of a cathode ray tube separation device for winding hot water and cold water alternately into the tube and separating the funnel portion and the panel portion. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus described in 1) can be efficiently and reliably separated into a funnel part and a panel part.
[0013]
Furthermore, the fifth invention is a hammer type in which the crusher in the funnel part is a hammer type in which a blade is erected on the drum cylindrical surface, and the plate-like crusher is erected in a grid shape on the plate surface. In the cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to any one of the inventions 1 to 4, each glass can be culleted reliably.
[0014]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0015]
(Example)
1 is a flowchart of a cathode ray tube recycling process in one embodiment of the present invention (flow chart), FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a cathode ray tube recycling process in another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the crushing process of the funnel part in the present invention, FIG. 5 is a conceptual perspective view of FIG. 4 and another crushing process of the funnel part, and FIG. 7 is a conceptual perspective view of the blast cleaning machine of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a conceptual side view of a crusher for a panel section in the present invention, FIG. 8 is a perspective view before separation of a funnel section / panel section of a cathode ray tube used for explaining the present invention, FIG. 9 is a perspective view after separation of the funnel portion / panel portion of the cathode ray tube used for explaining the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a view showing that the frit glass at the funnel / panel junction portion in one embodiment of the present invention is removed, and V Schematic front view showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for machining, FIG. 11 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the frit glass portion showing the method of removing the frit glass in the order of steps in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
Next, the cathode ray tube recycling processing procedure and apparatus will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The cathode ray tube 81 shown in FIGS. 8 and 11 includes a funnel portion (funnel glass) 82 and a panel portion (panel glass) 83, and is joined by a frit glass 130.
FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the concept of an apparatus for performing frit glass grinding and V-groove processing. 10 and 11, reference numeral 130 is a frit glass, 131 is a plane, 132 is a groove, 200 is a frit glass removing device, 210 is a rotary table, 211 is a rotating direction, 220 is a grinding device, 221 is a grinding wheel, and 222 is Motor 223 is an arm, 224 is a moving direction, 230 is a groove forming device, 231 is a cutting tool, 233 is an arm, and 234 is a moving direction.
[0017]
The cathode ray tube 81 is first separated into a funnel portion 82 and a panel portion 83. (S101) The procedure will be described with reference to FIG.
The peripheral surface of the frit glass 130 of the cathode ray tube 81 is ground by a grinding wheel 221 so that the H dimension is about 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The grinding wheel had a diameter of about 100 mm, a grinding wheel thickness of about 20 mm, and a grinding wheel rotational speed of about 2,000 to 5,000 revolutions / minute.
Next, the V-shaped groove 132 is cut to a depth of about 1.5 to 2.5 mm with the super steel bit 231. The feeding speed of the super steel cutting tool 231 was 2 to 10 cm / second, preferably 3 to 5 cm / second.
[0018]
Then, warm water (about 50 ° C, 40 liters / minute, about 50 seconds), cold water (about 13 ° C, 20 liters / minute, about 10 seconds) and hot water (about 50 ° C, 40 liters / minute, about 10 seconds) The funnel portion 82 and the panel portion 83 are alternately separated from the face surface of the cathode ray tube. The state after separation is shown in FIG. 9 (step 101).
In addition, in order to prevent the cathode ray tube from getting wet with hot or cold water, a cathode ray tube is covered with a resin film sheet having a thickness of about several μm to 20 μm, for example, vinyl chloride, nylon, or polyester. May be. Further, the neck portion 84 may be folded in advance before separation.
[0019]
As a method for separating the cathode ray tube, in addition to the above, a tube is wound around the cathode ray tube, and hot water (about 60 ° C., about 60 seconds), cold water (about 10 ° C., about 20 seconds) and hot water (about 60 ° C., For about 20 seconds) alternately into the tube and separated into a funnel portion and a panel portion, or a method of separating a funnel portion and a panel portion by winding a metal wire around a cathode ray tube and energizing and heating. Etc. (both not shown), any means may be used.
[0020]
Next, the separated funnel part and panel part are crushed separately (in separate steps) into cullet glass having a final shape of 1 cm to 5 cm. (S103-S104, S203-S204)
When crushing the funnel part and the panel part, they may be crushed to a size of 1 cm to 5 cm at a time. Alternatively, it may be crushed to a size of about 10 cm square by primary crushing and crushed to a target size by secondary crushing.
The primary crushing may be performed manually with a hammer or the like, or may be performed automatically using a crusher.
[0021]
The conceptual diagram of an example of a hammer type crusher is shown in FIGS. In this case, an example of the crushing process (S203, S204) of the funnel part is shown.
A crusher 2 shown in FIG. 4 includes a first rotary blade 2A and a second rotary blade 2B, and is configured to crush into 1 cm to 5 cm cullet glass in two stages. Either one of the funnel portion 82 or a funnel glass piece (not shown) previously crushed in a separate process to about 10 cm square is put into a crusher by a carry-in conveyor.
The first rotary blade 2A is erected on the periphery (cylindrical surface) of the rotary shaft 21 at intervals of a pitch of 40 to 70 mm in a spiral manner every 90 degrees. The number of rotations was about several tens of rotations / minute to 1000 rotations / minute. It goes without saying that the rotary blade 2A may be erected so as to be parallel at predetermined intervals (pitch of about 100 mm) in the axial length direction every 90 degrees instead of being arranged in a spiral shape.
[0022]
The second rotary blade 2B crushes the funnel glass pieces (large-sized cullet) that have fallen onto the cullet receiving plate 2C into 1 to 5 cm cullet glass with the slit sledge.
The second rotary blade 2B is erected on the periphery (cylindrical surface) of the rotary shaft 21 at intervals of 30 to 50 mm in a spiral manner every 90 degrees. The number of rotations was about several tens of rotations / minute to 1000 rotations / minute. In the case of the second rotary blade 2B, instead of being arranged in a spiral shape, the second rotary blade 2B may be erected so as to be parallel to the axial length direction at predetermined intervals (pitch of about 50 mm) every 90 degrees.
The crusher of the said structure can crush to uniform cullet size, and there is little generation amount of glass fine powder.
[0023]
The schematic diagram of the crushing method of the funnel part in another Example is shown on the left side of FIG. The apparatus in this case is configured to use a pair of multistage crush rolls, and the amount of cullet size variation and the amount of powder glass generated is slightly larger than in the case of FIG. Needless to say, any other crushing device may be used.
[0024]
The cullet crushed to a size of 1 cm to 5 cm is carried out by the carry-out conveyor 3 and put into the shaker 4.
In FIG. 3, the shaker 4 applies vibrations to the overlapping cullets, so that the cullets are arranged on the magnetic sorting conveyor 6 in a state where they are flatly arranged, and are conveyed to the magnetic sorting machine 5 in the next process. (S205)
The magnetic separator 5 sucks and removes the metal piece mixed with the cullet or the cullet piece containing metal by the magnetic force. (S206)
Thereafter, the cullet is conveyed to the blast washing machine 7 by the magnetic separation (magnetic separation) conveyor 6.
[0025]
The blast washing machine 7 uses a dry type, and a schematic perspective view is shown in FIG. The blast cleaner 7 includes a low-pressure air supply means (not shown) made of a blower, an abrasive material supply means, an abrasive material injection nozzle, and a cullet feed screw.
In FIG. 6, reference numeral 61 denotes a cullet inlet before cleaning, 62 denotes a spiral cullet feed screw, 63 denotes a drum surrounding the cullet feed screw, and 64 denotes an opening formed in the bottom of the drum. Then, the glass beads and the removed material removed from the cullet surface (for example, graphite applied to the funnel portion, phosphor applied to the panel portion, etc.) are discharged.
65 is a cullet carry-out port after washing, 66 is a shaker, 67 is a glass bead stocker, 68 is the glass bead injection nozzle, and 69 is a collection hopper for glass beads or the like.
[0026]
While the cullet is fed from the left side to the right side of FIG. 6 by the feed screw 62, low-pressure air containing the cullet friction and collision and glass beads and cullet glass powder is sprayed onto the cullet and applied or adhered to the cullet surface. The non-glass member such as graphite that has been removed is removed and cleaned. For more information,
The cullet supplied from the cullet inlet 61 is sandwiched between the feed screw 62 and a mesh belt (not shown) and conveyed to the upper portion of the feed screw 62. An injection nozzle 68 is arranged in a straight line above the screw 62. From the spray nozzles 68, air containing glass beads and cullet glass powder is sprayed from the spray nozzles 68 onto the cullet to clean the cullet.
[0027]
The low pressure air jetted from the jet nozzle 68 is blower blown at a gauge pressure of 1 kgf / cm ↑ 2 or less, preferably about 0.5 kgf / cm ↑ 2, and the wind speed is 100 to 200 m / sec, preferably about 180 m / sec.
The particle size of the glass beads was 80 μm to 100 μm, and the amount mixed into the air was several tens to several hundreds g / min.
Graphite, glass beads, cullet glass powder and the like dropped on the bottom of the drum 63 fall into the collection hopper 69 through the opening 64 (having a hole diameter of about 5 mm) and are classified by a filter and a vibration motor (not shown).
[0028]
Among the classified members, glass fine powder and graphite powder are collected in a dust stocker by a cyclone method using air. (Not shown)
The cullet glass powder and the glass beads that have passed through the filter of a predetermined mesh are air transported to the glass bead stocker 67 as a polishing material and reused.
The cleaned cullet is stored in the reuse cullet box by the carry-out conveyor 8 and recycled.
[0029]
Although the above is the recycling process of the funnel part, the recycling process of the panel part is basically the same as the case of the funnel part.
A different point is the crushing process of a panel part, and the typical front view of a crusher is shown in FIG. The crusher hydraulically drives the blades planted in a honeycomb shape or a lattice shape, presses the panel surface, and crushes into cullet glass having a final shape of 1 cm to 5 cm.
Reference numeral 71 denotes a plate-like blade having a vertical and horizontal planting pitch of about 50 to 100 mm, and the tip is ground into a sharp pyramid.
Reference numeral 72 denotes a blade holding plate, 73 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for moving the holding plate up and down, 74 denotes a cullet receiving plate, 75 denotes a crushed cullet, and 76 denotes a carry-out conveyor. (S103-S104)
The cullet crushed to a predetermined size is carried out by the carry-out conveyor 76 with the receiving plate 74 reversed. After that, it is recycled through an equipment line different from the funnel part, that is, through a shaking step (S105), a magnetic force selection step (S106), and a cullet cleaning step (S107).
In the cullet cleaning step (S107), the phosphor is naturally removed and collected. The cleaning method and recovery method were the same as in the funnel section.
[0030]
Note that the process sequence shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and it goes without saying that the steps may be changed or added as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the phosphor may be subjected to vacuum suction or low-pressure blast cleaning described in S207 before the panel portion is crushed, and then the same process may be performed.
Of course, the funnel portion may also be subjected to polishing removal with a rotating brush or blast cleaning before the crushing step in step S203.
[0031]
Furthermore, when separating (dividing) the funnel portion and the panel portion, as means for grinding the frit glass 130 into the flat surface 131, it may be performed by shot blasting including an abrasive such as alumina or a steel ball.
An example of processing conditions for shot blasting is as follows: alumina particle diameter 300 to 500 μm, alumina particle supply amount 600 to 650 g / min, distance between alumina injection nozzle and cathode ray tube 30 to 50 mm, nozzle scan speed 30 to 50 mm, injection The air pressure used at the time is 0.5 to 1.0 kgf / cm ↑ 2, preferably 0.6 to 0.8 kgf / cm ↑ 2,150 m / sec.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the cathode ray tube recycling method of the present invention, the recycling process can be efficiently automated in a short time. In particular, a low pressure blower can improve the cleaning effect with simple equipment. Further, the cathode ray tube is separated (divided) into a funnel portion and a panel portion efficiently and reliably using hot water and cold water. As a result, the equipment line length and cost can be reduced, and the recycling cost can also be reduced. It also helps improve the recycling rate and protect the environment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a cathode ray tube recycling process according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a cathode ray tube recycling process according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a funnel section crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a funnel section crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a blast cleaner in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a panel crusher in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cathode ray tube used for explaining the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view before separation of the funnel portion / panel portion of the cathode ray tube. FIG. 10 is a perspective view after separation of the funnel portion / panel portion of the cathode ray tube used for explaining the present invention. Flick Schematic front view showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for removing the glass 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the frit glass portion showing the method of removing the frit glass in the order of steps in an embodiment of the present invention Description of Reference Numerals]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carry-in conveyor 2 Crusher 3 Carry-out conveyor 4 Shaking machine 5 Magnetic separator 6 Magnetic separation conveyor 7 Blast washing machine 8 Carry-out conveyor 2A 1st rotary blade 2B 2nd rotary blade 2C Caret receiving plate 21 Rotating shaft 22 Standing blade 25 first crush roll 26 second crush roll 61 cullet inlet 62 feed screw 63 drum 64 opening 65 cullet carry-out port 66 shaker 67 glass bead stocker 68 injection nozzle 71 lattice-like blade 72 holding plate 73 hydraulic cylinder 74 cullet Catch plate 75 Caret 76 Unloading conveyor 81 Cathode ray tube 82 Funnel part (funnel glass)
83 Panel (panel glass)
130 Frit glass 131 Flat surface 132 Groove 200 Frit glass removing device 210 Rotary table 211 Rotating direction 220 Grinding device 221 Grinding wheel 222 Motor 223 Arm 224 Moving direction 230 Groove forming device 231 Bit 233 Arm 234 Moving direction

Claims (12)

The step of crushing the funnel part and the panel part of the cathode ray tube separately into 1 to 5 cm square cullet glass, and the vibration sieve for eliminating the overlap of each cullet glass separately and arranging the cullet glass flat on the conveyance path A cathode ray tube recycling method comprising: a step and a step of separately blast-cleaning each of the cullet glasses. 2. The cathode ray according to claim 1, wherein blast cleaning is performed by blowing a low-pressure air containing an abrasive, wherein the blower air pressure is 1 kgf / cm ² or less and the wind speed is 150 to 200 m / sec. How to recycle pipes . 3. The cathode ray tube recycling method according to claim 2, wherein the cullet glass powder is reused as part of the polishing material. Furthermore, a cathode ray tube recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the cullet glass and metal containing a metal characterized by comprising the step of selecting magnetic force. Furthermore, removal of the phosphor by vacuum suction, a cathode ray tube of the recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a phosphor recovery step of recovering. A plurality of crushers for crushing the funnel glass and the panel glass of the cathode ray tube separately into 1 to 5 cm square cullet glass, and eliminating the overlap of the respective cullet glass separately to make the cullet glass flat on the conveyance path An apparatus for recycling a cathode ray tube , comprising: an oscillating sieve that is arranged; and a plurality of blast cleaners that separately clean the cullet glasses. A blast cleaning machine for blowing low pressure Eya containing the abrasive cleaning agent, the pressure of the blower 1 Kgf / cm ² or less, the cathode ray according to claim 6, characterized in that the wind speed was 150 to 200 m / sec Pipe recycling equipment. 8. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the cullet glass powder is reused as part of the polishing material. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8 , wherein the funnel glass crusher is a hammer type having a configuration in which a blade is erected on a drum cylindrical surface. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9 , wherein the panel glass crusher is configured such that plate-like blades are erected in a grid on the plate surface. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 10 , further comprising a magnetic separator for magnetically separating metal from cullet glass containing metal and metal. The cathode ray tube recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11 , further comprising a phosphor recovery device that recovers the phosphor by vacuum suction.

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