JP2001009434A - Method and device for treating spent gypsum board - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recycle gypsum powder as such by treating a spent gypsum board. SOLUTION: A spent gypsum board 1 is roughly crushed by a crusher 2. The crushed pieces 1A are pulverized by a pulverizer 3, and gypsum is separated from the pieces of paper 1b. A mixture 1B of the pieces of paper 1b, gypsum powder 1a, etc., is sent to an air classifier 4 and classified, and only the fine gypsum powder 1d is recovered by a cyclone 5 and a bag filter 6. The gypsum powder 1a, pieces of paper 1b and paper powder 1c discharged from the classifier 4 are introduced into a separator 7, separated and recovered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating waste gypsum board, which is one of construction waste materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When demolishing a building such as a building or a general house, a large amount of gypsum board used as a wall material is generated as waste. This gypsum board has a configuration in which a sheet of paper is attached to both sides of a gypsum board body formed into a plate shape.When discarded as it is, the paper remains attached to the gypsum board. It is necessary to process.

[0003] However, landfill disposal at a management type disposal site is costly. Therefore, it is desirable to reuse the waste gypsum board without landfill disposal. Must be separated from the surface of the paper to separate it into gypsum and pieces of paper.

Conventionally, a treatment method for recycling the above waste gypsum board has been proposed. One example of such a method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-286552. This treatment method comprises a first step of crushing the waste gypsum board and roughly separating the backing paper from the gypsum board main body, and a step of meshing the crushed pieces of the waste gypsum board crushed in the first step with a predetermined mesh. A second step of separating by size, a third step of extracting crushed pieces separated to have a size larger than a predetermined mesh size in the second step, and incineration of the removed crushed pieces by a rotary kiln incinerator or the like. And recovering the incinerated gypsum ash as anhydrous lime powder.

[0005]

However, in the method of treating waste gypsum board disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-286552, crushed pieces with paper are incinerated in a rotary kiln type incinerator. Therefore, the recovered gypsum becomes anhydrous and is difficult to recycle as gypsum. In addition, since paper incineration ash is mixed, it must be disposed of in landfill. In addition, since paper is not sorted, it cannot be recycled as, for example, solid fuel (RDF).

Therefore, the present invention is to separate waste gypsum board into gypsum and paper so that they can be recycled together.

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a waste gypsum board is crushed and then the crushed pieces are crushed to mix gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder. A state of waste gypsum board, which is then separated into gypsum powder, paper pieces, and paper powder and separately collected, and a crushing method for crushing the waste gypsum board Machine, a pulverizer to pulverize the crushed pieces of waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher into gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder, and gypsum powder crushed by the crusher, A configuration including a paper classifier, an air classifier for classifying the pulverized material separated into paper powder, and a sorter for sorting and collecting gypsum powder, paper chips, and paper powder discharged and classified by the air classifier. Waste gypsum board processing equipment.

[0008] The waste gypsum board is crushed by a crusher and then finely crushed by a crusher. At this time, the gypsum on the surface of the paper piece is crushed to separate the gypsum component from the surface of the paper piece. , And is separated into gypsum powder, paper chips and paper powder by a sorting machine. Therefore, gypsum powder, paper pieces, and the like can be collected without heat treatment.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a crusher 2 for crushing a waste gypsum board 1 into a roughly rectangular shape and a crushed piece 1A crushed by the crusher 2 are shown. A crusher 3 for finely pulverizing gypsum adhering to the paper chip surface to completely remove and separate gypsum from the paper chip surface
Gypsum powder 1a, paper piece 1b discharged from the crusher 3,
An air classifier 4 for classifying the pulverized material 1B such as the paper powder 1c into a gypsum powder 1a, a piece of paper 1b, and a paper powder 1c, and a cyclone for sequentially collecting the gypsum fine powder 1d discharged from the air classifier 4 together with air for classification. 5 and a bag filter 6, gypsum powder 1 a, paper chip 1 b and paper powder 1 classified by the air classifier 4
c, which sorts and collects c.
The gypsum powder 1a selected in the above is collected together with the gypsum fine powder 1d collected by the cyclone 5 and the bag filter 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes an attracting fan.

The crusher 2 has two shafts 1 driven by a drive unit 9 as shown in detail in FIGS.
0 is disposed in the case 11 in a horizontal direction in parallel, and the blades 12 having a blade width of about 10 mm are attached to the outer periphery of the both shafts 10 so as to alternately mesh with each other. The blades 12 are configured to be able to be crushed into a rectangular shape by the blades 12 rotating in the direction of biting each other.

The pulverizer 3 is, as shown in detail in FIG.
The center of an horizontally arranged arm 16 is attached to the upper end of a rotating shaft 15 that is connected to the output shaft of the driving device 14 and protrudes above a base 39, and is attached to the tip of the arm 16.
A roller journal 18 having a lower end to which a roller 17 is rotatably attached is slidably suspended on the upper end of the roller journal 18, while a roller 17 is fixed on a base 39 so that the roller 17 can be pressed and rotated. By installing the ring 19 and rotating the rotating shaft 15 to rotate the roller journal 18 via the arm 16, the roller journal 18 spreads outward due to centrifugal force, and the roller 17 is pressed against the inner surface of the fixed ring 19. A crushed piece 1A supplied from a supply feeder 22 is pulverized between a roller 17 and a fixing ring 19, and a gypsum powder, a piece of paper, and a paper powder are mixed. Of the ground 1 rides on the airflow 20 blown from the outer periphery of the fixing ring 19 and is discharged from the upper discharge port 21.

As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the air classifier 4 has a classifying blade at an upper part in a vertically long casing 23 which can change a classifying point by changing a peripheral speed. 24 is provided as a 1-3 stage structure, and a reflecting plate 25 is attached to the inner surface of the casing 23 which is the outer periphery thereof. The classification cone 27 is attached to the inner surface of the casing 23, which is the outer periphery of the casing 23, and the secondary air port 28 is provided to be opened in the tangential direction. Further, at the upper end of the casing 23, a fine powder outlet 29 is provided.
A coarse powder discharging chute 30 is provided at the lower end of the dispersing cone 26 so as to penetrate the discharging chute 30 and connect the supply port of the supply pipe 31 to the dispersing cone 26.
When the supply pipe 31 is connected to the discharge port 21 of the crusher 3, the crushed material 1 introduced from the crusher 3 through the supply pipe 31 and riding on the airflow 20 is provided.
B is caused to collide with the dispersing cone 26 to be dispersed, and is carried on the air flow 20 to the position of the classifying blade 24. Then, the B is classified by the classifying blade 24, and the gypsum powder 1a
The gypsum fine powder 1d inside is discharged from the fine powder discharge port 29, while the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c as coarse powder are
It is dropped along the inner wall of the casing 23 to the classification cone 27 side, and is further discharged through the discharge chute 30 in a state where the secondary air flow from the secondary air port 28 acts thereon. I have to be able to.

Further, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 5, the separator 7 has a coarse mesh (for example, as shown in FIG. 5) in which vibration is applied to a casing 32 provided with an inlet 38 at the upper end. A sieve 33 having a mesh size of 3.35 mm and a sieve 34 having a fine mesh size (for example, 1.00 mm mesh) are arranged in two upper and lower stages.
And a discharge port 36 for the paper dust 1c is provided corresponding to the position of the lower screen 34, and a discharge port 37 for the gypsum powder 1a is provided at the lower end of the casing 32.

When the waste gypsum board 1 is to be processed for recycling, first, the waste gypsum board 1 is put into the crusher 2 through the input port 13 and the waste gypsum board 1 is rotated by the blades 12 rotating in the direction of meshing with each other. Is roughly crushed into a rectangular shape. In the crushing operation of the crushing machine 2, since the backing paper is not completely peeled off from the gypsum board main body, subsequently, the crushed pieces 1A discharged from the crushing machine 2
Is supplied into the centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer 3 by the supply feeder 22 so that the gypsum on the surface of the paper piece is pulverized, and the gypsum component is separated from the surface of the paper piece 1b.

Next, the pulverized material 1B obtained by mixing the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c by the pulverizer 3 is sent to the air classifier 4, where the pulverized material is 1
B is classified into gypsum powder 1a, paper chip 1b and paper powder 1c,
The gypsum fine powder 1d in the gypsum powder 1a carried over from the discharge port 29 is collected and collected by the cyclone 5, and further,
They are collected and collected by the bag filter 6. On the other hand, the classified gypsum powder 1a, paper piece 1b and paper powder 1c are:
Gypsum powder 1a, paper piece 1b,
Separate into paper dust 1c. In this case, first, a mixture of the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c is supplied onto the upper coarse mesh sieve 33, and the gypsum powder 1a and the paper powder 1c pass through the upper sieve 33 by vibration. The paper fragments 1b are separated by remaining on the sieve 33, only the paper fragments 1b are discharged from the discharge port 35 and collected, and the gypsum powder 1a and the paper powder 1c passing through the upper sieve 33 are finer at the lower stage. The gypsum powder 1a falls on the sieve 34 and is vibrated, so that the gypsum powder 1a drops through the sieve 34, but the paper dust 1c is separated by remaining, and only the paper dust 1c is discharged from the discharge port 36 and collected. You. The gypsum powder 1a that has passed through the sieve 34 is discharged from the lower discharge port 37, and is collected together with the gypsum fine powder 1d collected by the cyclone 5 and the bag filter 6.

The gypsum powder 1a and the gypsum fine powder 1d thus collected are not heat-treated and can be recycled as they are. Further, the recovered paper pieces 1b and paper powder 1c can be used as raw materials for RDF. In addition, some gypsum boards have a plastic sheet attached as an interior material on paper.
It can be used as a raw material for F.

According to the experiments of the present inventor, the pulverizer 3
In, by adjusting the rotation speed of the roller 17,
It has been confirmed that only the gypsum component on the surface can be powdered without breaking the paper piece 1b. Further, in the cyclone 5 and the bag filter 6, the paper dust 1c was not recovered. This means that the separation of paper by the air classifier 4 shown in FIG. 4 was effectively performed. Further, when the waste gypsum board 1 was sequentially treated as described above, when the input weight was 100%, the gypsum powder was 90% and the paper pieces were 9%.
% And paper powder as 1%.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The crusher 2 does not have to be the two-shaft type shown in FIG. The centrifugal roller mill type shown in (1) is preferred, but other types may be used, and similarly, the classifier 4 and the sorter 7 may be of other types, and do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Of course, various changes can be made within the range.

[0020]

As described above, according to the waste gypsum board treatment method and apparatus of the present invention, after the waste gypsum board is crushed, the crushed pieces are crushed, and the gypsum powder, the paper chips and the paper powder are converted. A ground product in a mixed state, and then the ground product is
Gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder are separated and collected separately, as it is a method and apparatus for treating waste gypsum board, so that gypsum powder can be recovered without making it anhydrous and paper without ashes. Gypsum powder can be recycled as it is, and paper
It has an excellent effect that it can be used as a raw material or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show details of an example of a crusher used in the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a partially cut-away side view, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cut front view showing details of an example of a crusher used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view showing an example of an air classifier used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view showing an example of a sorting machine used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste gypsum board 1A Crushed piece 1B Crushed material 1a Gypsum powder 1b Paper piece 1c Paper powder 2 Crusher 3 Crusher 4 Air classifier 7 Sorter

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D004 AA31 BA02 BA03 CA04 CA08 CB13 CB43 CB45 CB50 4D021 FA02 FA18 FA25 GA02 GA07 GA08 GA10 GA23 GA29 GB03 HA01 4D067 EE01 EE18 EE22 GA20 GB07

Claims (2)

[Claims] After the waste gypsum board is crushed, the crushed pieces are crushed to obtain a crushed product in a state where the gypsum powder, the paper piece and the paper powder are mixed. A method for treating waste gypsum board, wherein the waste gypsum board is separated into paper pieces and paper powder and collected separately. 2. A crusher for crushing a waste gypsum board, and a crusher for crushing a crushed piece of the waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher to separate it into a gypsum powder, a paper piece and a paper powder. Machine, an air classifier for classifying the crushed material separated into gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder by the crusher, and a gypsum powder, a paper chip and a paper powder which are classified and discharged by the air classifier. And a sorting machine for sorting and collecting the waste gypsum.