JP2001149911A - Waste gypsum board processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To treat waste gypsum board so that gypsum powder can be recycled as it is. SOLUTION: A waste gypsum board 1 is roughly crushed by a crusher 2. The crushed pieces 1A are crushed by the crusher 3 to separate gypsum from the paper pieces 1b. The pulverized material 1B in which the paper pieces 1b and the gypsum powder 1a are mixed is sent to the cyclone 4 to separate the solid material. The solid discharged from the cyclone 4 is passed through a sorting machine 5 to separate and collect the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c. In the case of a wet waste gypsum board 1 'containing moisture, the crushed pieces 1A' are put into the dryer 7 and dried before being crushed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating waste gypsum board for recycling waste gypsum board which is one of construction waste materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When demolishing a building such as a building or a general house, a large amount of gypsum board used as a wall material is generated as waste. This gypsum board has a configuration in which a sheet of paper is attached to both sides of a gypsum board body formed into a plate shape.When discarded as it is, the paper remains attached to the gypsum board. It is necessary to process.

[0003] However, landfill disposal at a management type disposal site is costly. Therefore, it is desirable to reuse the waste gypsum board without landfill disposal. Must be separated from the surface of the paper to separate it into gypsum and pieces of paper.

Conventionally, a processing method for recycling the above waste gypsum board has been proposed. An example is shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-286552. This treatment method comprises a first step of crushing the waste gypsum board and roughly separating the backing paper from the gypsum board main body, and a step of meshing the crushed pieces of the waste gypsum board crushed in the first step with a predetermined mesh. A second step of separating with a sieve having a size, a third step of extracting crushed pieces separated as being larger than a predetermined mesh size in the second step, and a step of removing the crushed pieces with a rotary kiln incinerator or the like. It comprises a fourth step of incineration and recovery of the incinerated gypsum ash as anhydrous lime powder.

[0005]

However, in the method of treating waste gypsum board disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-286552, crushed pieces with paper are incinerated in a rotary kiln type incinerator. Therefore, the recovered gypsum becomes anhydrous and it is difficult to recycle as gypsum.In addition, since paper incineration ash is mixed, it will eventually have to be landfilled, Furthermore, since the paper is not sorted, for example,
There is a problem that it cannot be recycled as solid fuel (RDF).

Further, some waste gypsum boards generated from the demolition site contain about 30% of water. In the case of such waste gypsum boards containing such water, crushed pieces are clogged in a sieve. It cannot be processed smoothly.

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for separating waste gypsum board into gypsum and paper so that it can be recycled.
Another object of the present invention is to enable even a waste gypsum board containing water to be processed smoothly.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention crushes waste gypsum board, crushes the crushed pieces, and then centrifugs the crushed material to remove the crushed material from the crushed material. A method for treating a waste gypsum board in which solids are separated, and further, the pulverized solids after centrifugation are separately separated and collected into gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder, and a waste gypsum board Crusher, a crusher for crushing crushed pieces of waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher, and a cyclone for separating solid matter from the crushed material after crushing by the crusher. And a sorting machine for separating the pulverized solid separated by the cyclone into gypsum powder, paper chips, and paper powder.

The waste gypsum board is crushed by a crusher and then finely crushed by a crusher. At this time, the gypsum on the surface of the paper is crushed to separate the gypsum component from the surface of the paper.
After the solid matter is separated from the pulverized material by centrifugal separation using a cyclone, the solid matter is separated into a gypsum powder, a piece of paper and a paper powder by a sorter. Therefore, gypsum powder, paper chips and the like can be collected without heat treatment.

[0010] When waste gypsum board containing water is crushed by a crusher, dried by a dryer and then supplied to the crusher, the gypsum powder, paper chips, etc., as in the case of the dried waste gypsum board are obtained. Can be recovered without heat treatment.

Further, if gypsum powder is separated and collected from the crushed pieces before crushing using a primary sorter, the load on the crusher can be reduced, and the air flow discharged from the cyclone can be reduced. If the gypsum fine powder inside is collected and collected by a bag filter, the waste gypsum board can be processed without leakage.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a crusher 2 for crushing a dry waste gypsum board 1 into a roughly rectangular shape and crushed pieces crushed by the crusher 2 are shown. A crusher 3 for finely pulverizing the gypsum adhering to the surface of the paper piece of 1A to completely remove and separate the gypsum component from the surface of the paper piece, and as a solid from the crushed material 1B discharged from the crusher 3 A cyclone 4 for centrifuging the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c, a sorting machine 5 for separating the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, and the paper powder 1c discharged from the cyclone 4, respectively, And a bag filter 6 for collecting the gypsum fine powder 1d contained in the airflow after separating the solid matter. Furthermore, the crusher 2
A dryer 7 is installed between the crusher 3 and the crusher 3 to crush the waste gypsum board 1 ′ containing water with the crusher 2.
A ′ is dried, and the crushed pieces 1 </ b> A dried by the dryer 7 are supplied to the crusher 3.

The crusher 2 has two shafts 1 driven by a drive unit 9 as shown in detail in FIGS.
0 is disposed in the case 11 horizontally and parallel, and the blades 12 having a blade width of about 10 to 20 mm are attached to the outer periphery of the both shafts 10 so as to alternately mesh with each other. The gypsum board 1 or the waste gypsum board 1 'containing moisture is configured to be crushed into a rectangular shape by the blades 12 rotating in the direction of biting each other.

The crusher 3 is, as shown in detail in FIG.
At the upper end of a rotating shaft 15 that is connected to the output shaft of the driving device 14 and protrudes above the base 13, the center of a horizontally arranged arm 16 is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 15.
A roller journal 18 having a roller 17 rotatably attached to a lower end thereof is swingably hung, while a roller 17 is fixed on a base 13 so that the roller 17 can be pressed and rotated. By installing the ring 19 and rotating the rotating shaft 15 to rotate the roller journal 18 via the arm 16, the roller journal 18 spreads outward due to centrifugal force, and the roller 17 is pressed against the inner surface of the fixed ring 19. A crushed piece 1A supplied from a feeder 22 is crushed between a roller 17 and a fixing ring 19 to form a mixed state of gypsum powder, paper chips, and paper powder. Crushed material 1B
The air flow 20 blown from the outer circumference of the fixing ring 19
, And is discharged from the upper discharge port 21.

Further, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, the sorter 5 has a coarse mesh (for example, as shown in FIG. 4) in which vibration is applied to a casing 23 provided with an inlet 28 at the upper end. A sieve 24 having a mesh size of 8.0 mm and a sieve 25 having a fine mesh size (for example, a mesh size of 1.00 mm) are arranged in upper and lower tiers. A two-stage vibrating sieve device having a configuration in which a discharge port 27 for paper dust 1c is provided in correspondence with the position of the lower screen 25 and a discharge port 29 for gypsum powder 1a is provided at the lower end of the casing 23. is there.

When the waste gypsum board 1 is processed for recycling, first, the dry gypsum board 1 is put into the crusher 2 through the inlet 8 and the waste gypsum is rotated by the blade 12 rotating in the direction of meshing with the waste gypsum board. The board 1 is roughly crushed into a rectangular shape. In the crushing operation of the crushing machine 2, since the backing paper is not completely separated from the gypsum board body, the crushed pieces 1A discharged from the crushing machine 2 are subsequently separated by the feeder 22 into the centrifugal roller mill type crushing machine 3. And the gypsum on the surface of the paper piece is crushed to separate the gypsum component from the surface of the paper piece 1b.

Next, the pulverized material 1B, which is obtained by mixing the gypsum powder 1a, the paper piece 1b, the paper powder 1c and the like by being pulverized by the pulverizer 3, is sent to the cyclone 4 through the air stream 20. Here, a gypsum powder 1a, a piece of paper 1b, a paper powder 1c, and a gypsum fine powder 1d as solids are centrifuged from the pulverized material 1B.

The gypsum powder 1 separated by the cyclone 4
a, a piece of paper 1b, and a powder of paper 1c are sent to the sorting machine 5 as a crushed solid, where the gypsum powder 1a, the paper 1b, and the paper 1c
So that they are separated. In this case, first, gypsum powder 1
a, the mixture of the paper pieces 1b and the paper dust 1c is supplied onto the coarse sieve 24 at the upper stage, and the gypsum powder 1a and the paper dust 1c pass through the upper sieve 24 by vibration, but the paper dust 1b is And only the piece of paper 1b is discharged from the outlet 2
The gypsum powder 1a and the paper dust 1c which have been discharged and collected through the upper sieve 24 drop on the fine sieve 25 at the lower stage, and are subjected to vibration to remove the gypsum powder 1a from the sieve 25.
, And fall, but the paper dust 1c is separated by remaining, and only the paper dust 1c is discharged from the outlet 27 and collected. The gypsum powder 1a that has passed through the sieve 25 is discharged from the lower discharge port 29 and collected.

On the other hand, the gypsum fine powder 1d contained in the air stream 20 separated and discharged by the cyclone 4 is collected by the bag filter 6, and collected together with the gypsum powder 1a.

The gypsum powder 1a and the gypsum fine powder 1d thus collected are not heat-treated and can be recycled as they are. Further, the recovered paper pieces 1b and paper powder 1c can be used as raw materials for RDF. In addition, some gypsum boards have a plastic sheet attached as an interior material on paper.
It can be used as a raw material for F.

On the other hand, when treating the waste gypsum board 1 'containing water, the waste gypsum board 1' containing water is crushed by the crusher 2, and the crushed pieces 1A 'are dried by the dryer 7. The dry crushed pieces 1A are supplied to the crusher 3 as in the case of the dry waste gypsum board 1.

According to the experiments by the present inventors, the wet crushed pieces 1A 'containing moisture and the dry crushed pieces 1A
Were crushed, separated and separated, respectively, and the recovery rate of the gypsum powder 1a discharged from the discharge port 29 below the sorter 5 was 76 when the wet crushed pieces 1A 'were crushed.
wt%, 85 wt% when dry crushed pieces 1A are crushed
By drying and crushing the wet crushed pieces 1A ', the recovery rate of gypsum could be improved by 9 wt%, and the result of employing the drying step was confirmed.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In a configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 1, a dry and dry waste gypsum board 1 is crushed by a crusher 2. The dry crushed pieces 1A and the crushed pieces 1A 'obtained by crushing the waste gypsum board 1' containing water with the crusher 2
Crushed pieces 1A after being dried by drying with a pulverizer 3
Before being supplied to the gypsum, the gypsum powder 1a is separated by a primary sorter 30 as a one-stage vibrating sieve device having a sieve having an opening of, for example, 3 to 5 mm.

When it was confirmed that when the dried waste gypsum board 1 was crushed by the crusher 2, about 25% by weight of the gypsum powder 1a was generated, as shown in FIG. The crushed piece 1A of the waste gypsum board 1 and the crushed piece 1 of the waste gypsum board 1 'containing water crushed by the crusher 2
Fragment 1 after A ′ is dried by drying in dryer 7
If the gypsum powder 1a is separated and collected by the primary sorter 30 before A is supplied to the crusher 3, the amount of the remaining crushed pieces 1A can be reduced, so that the load on the crusher 3 can be reduced. This is advantageous.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The crusher 2 does not have to be the two-shaft type shown in FIG. The centrifugal roller mill type shown in FIG. 1 is preferred, but other types may be used. Further, similarly, the sorter 5, the primary sorter 30
Of course, other types may be used, and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0027]

As described above, according to the waste gypsum board processing method and apparatus of the present invention, the waste gypsum board is crushed, the crushed pieces are crushed, and then the crushed material is centrifuged. As a method and an apparatus for treating a waste gypsum board so as to separate solids from the pulverized material and further separate and collect the pulverized solids after centrifugation into gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder separately. Gypsum powder can be recovered without making anhydrous gypsum and paper without ashes. Therefore, gypsum powder can be recycled as it is and paper can be used as RDF raw material etc. In addition, the waste gypsum board containing moisture is crushed, and the crushed pieces are dried and then crushed, so that the waste gypsum board is treated and recycled in the same manner as in the case of the dried waste gypsum board. Further, by separating and collecting gypsum powder from the crushed pieces before being supplied to the crusher, the load required for crushing in the subsequent crushing step can be reduced. By collecting the gypsum fine powder from the airflow after the pulverized solids are centrifuged, an excellent effect such that the waste gypsum board can be treated without leakage is exhibited.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show details of an example of a crusher used in the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a partially cut-away side view, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cut front view showing details of an example of a crusher used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view showing an example of a sorting machine used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste gypsum board 1 'Waste gypsum board containing moisture 1A, 1A' Crushed piece 1B Crushed material 1a Gypsum powder 1b Paper piece 1c Paper powder 2 Crusher 3 Crusher 4 Cyclone 5 Sorter 6 Bag filter 7 Dryer 30 Primary sorter

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiharu Shitara 1st place, Shin-Nakahara-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Ishikawashima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Machinery & Plant Development Center (72) Inventor Hiroshi Oka Otani, Ebina-shi, Kanagawa F-term (reference) at 3996 No. 1 Idrewed Co., Ltd. 4D004 AA31 CA04 CA07 CA12 CA42 4D021 FA25 GA07 GA08 GA23 GB01 GB03 HA01

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A waste gypsum board is crushed, its crushed pieces are crushed, and then the crushed material is centrifuged to separate a solid material from the crushed material. A method for treating a waste gypsum board, wherein the objects are separately separated and collected into gypsum powder, paper pieces and paper powder. 2. Crushing waste gypsum board containing water,
The crushed pieces are dried, the dried crushed pieces are pulverized, and then the pulverized material is centrifuged to separate a solid from the pulverized material. A method for treating waste gypsum board, wherein the waste gypsum board is separately separated and collected into powder, paper pieces, and paper powder. 3. The method for treating a waste gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein the gypsum powder is separated and collected from the crushed pieces before crushing, and the remaining crushed pieces are crushed. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gypsum fine powder is recovered from the airflow after the pulverized solid is centrifuged.
The waste gypsum board processing method described in the above. 5. A crusher for crushing waste gypsum board, a crusher for crushing crushed pieces of waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher, and a crushed material after crushing by the crusher Waste gypsum characterized by comprising a cyclone for separating solids from the inside, and a sorter for separating the crushed solids separated by the cyclone into gypsum powder, paper chips and paper powder Board processing equipment. 6. A dryer is arranged between the crusher and the crusher, and after the waste gypsum board containing water is crushed by the crusher, it is dried by the dryer and then supplied to the crusher. An apparatus for treating waste gypsum board according to claim 5. 7. A primary sorter for separating gypsum powder from crushed pieces before being supplied to a crusher.
A waste gypsum board processing apparatus according to the above. 8. The waste gypsum board according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the air flow after the pulverized solid matter is separated by a cyclone is passed through a bag filter, and the gypsum fine powder collected by the bag filter is collected. Processing equipment.