JP3338495B2 - 半導体モジュール - Google Patents
半導体モジュールInfo
- Publication number
- JP3338495B2 JP3338495B2 JP2486793A JP2486793A JP3338495B2 JP 3338495 B2 JP3338495 B2 JP 3338495B2 JP 2486793 A JP2486793 A JP 2486793A JP 2486793 A JP2486793 A JP 2486793A JP 3338495 B2 JP3338495 B2 JP 3338495B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chip
- heat
- semiconductor
- layer
- heat release
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
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- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/3735—Laminates or multilayers, e.g. direct bond copper ceramic substrates
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- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/492—Bases or plates or solder therefor
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- H01L23/4928—Bases or plates or solder therefor characterised by the materials the materials containing carbon
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- H01L2224/293—Base material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description
示す半導体モジュールに関する。
絶縁性で熱伝導性である層を有する形式の半導体モジュ
ールは例えば1990年2月20日〜22日フェルバッ
ハで行われた「エレクトロニクスにおける接合技術(V
erbindungstechnik in Elek
tronik)」の第5回研究会の資料第25〜29頁
から既に公知である。その際例えば絶縁層はその両側面
に銅からなる中間層を施された(直接銅接合)Al2O3
層である。半導体チップはろう層を介して一方の中間層
とまた熱放出装置は別のろう層を介して他方の中間層と
接合されている。
プと熱放出装置との間に十分な絶縁性を持たせるととも
に公知の半導体モジュールよりも半導体チップと熱放出
装置との間の熱抵抗が極めて僅かな半導体モジュールを
提供することを課題とする。
2記載の半導体モジュールにより解決される。
ジュールの有利な実施態様を示すものである。
示すものであるが、その際半導体チップCHIP1と熱
放出装置W1との間にDCB基板(direct co
pper bonding)DCBが存在し、これは銅
製中間層(Z11及びZ12)を両側面に施された絶縁
層ISO1からなる。熱放出装置W1は例えば厚さ3m
mの銅板からなる半導体モジュールの底板から構成され
ている。半導体チップCHIP1はろう層の形の接合層
V11を介して中間層Z11とまた絶縁層ISO1は同
様にろう層又は接着層の形の接合層V12を介して熱放
出装置W1と機械的に接合されている。例えば厚さ50
μmのろう層V11及び厚さ約100μmのろう層又は
接着層V12、それぞれ厚さ300μmの中間層及び厚
さ約600μmのアルミナ又は窒化アルミニウムのよう
な通常のセラミックからなる絶縁層ISO1から出発し
た場合、銅の熱伝導率k=3.8W/cmK及びアルミ
ナの熱伝導率k=0.3W/cmKでは底板の熱抵抗と
共に一次元熱抵抗Rth=約0.35Kcm2 /Wを生じ
る。モジュールの横方向の寸法が熱放出装置に向かって
順次大きくなっていくことによって熱放散を付加的に生
じるが、これは熱抵抗の低下を補償する。
接合層の熱抵抗を同時に最適化することにある。本発明
による半導体モジュールの第1の実施例は図2に示され
ているが、この場合半導体モジュールは半導体チップC
HIP2と底板の形の熱放出装置W2との間に中間層Z
2及び結晶質炭素(ダイヤモンド)からなる絶縁層IS
O2を有する。結晶質炭素からなる層は多結晶質或はま
た単結晶質炭素層と考えてもよいが、その際単結晶質炭
素は例えば結晶核を所定の箇所に置くことにより形成す
ることができ、またこれは粒界をもたないことから多結
晶質炭素層よりも良好な熱伝導率を有する。半導体チッ
プCHIP2と中間層Z2(これは例えば銅からなり、
垂直なデバイスでは接触化部となる)との間には本発明
により銀製の接合層V21が設けられる。同様にまた中
間層Z2は銀層V22を介して絶縁層ISO2とまた絶
縁層ISO2はその側面で同様に接合層V23を介して
熱放出装置W2の端面領域2と機械的に接合されてい
る。本発明による半導体モジュールを製造するには例え
ば中間層Z2上の接触化面領域内及び熱放出装置W2の
端面領域2内に例えばスクリーン印刷法により銀ペース
トを塗布し、引続き押圧焼結といわれるそれ自体は公知
の低温接合法により半導体チップCHIP2と熱放出装
置W2との間の機械的接合を行う。その際銀ペーストの
層厚は約10〜100μmであり、銀ペーストは溶剤と
してシクロヘキサノールに懸濁する薄片状の粉末粒子を
有する銀粉末からなる。焼結温度は例えば230℃であ
り、約1分間の焼結中に装置全体に垂直方向に少なくと
も900N/cm2 の圧力が作用する。焼結温度は約1
50℃の下方限界値と約250℃の上方限界値を有する
範囲内にある。このことは数秒間の焼結時間で上記部分
の接合が十分に達成され、圧力も1〜2t/cm2 に上
げることが可能であることを示唆している。半導体チッ
プCHIP2にも中間層Z2にも焼結性表面を作るには
例えばチタン、白金及び金の層列を蒸着又はスパッタリ
ングし、熱放出装置W2の端面領域2は例えばまずニッ
ケルめっきし、次いで銀めっきするか、又は中間層の場
合のようにチタン、白金及び金からなる層列を備えても
よい。例えば接合層V21...V23の厚さをそれぞ
れ10μmに、中間層Z2の厚さを300μmに、結晶
質炭素層1SO2の厚さを100μmに及び図1のよう
に熱放出装置W2の厚さを3mmに選択すると、例えば
多結晶質炭素(ダイヤモンド)がk=12W/cmK及
び銀製接合層がk=4W/cmKの熱伝導率を有する場
合底板の熱抵抗値と共に約0.1Kcm2 /Wの一次元
熱抵抗Rthが生じる。この場合十分な絶縁性とともに約
3倍少ない熱接触抵抗が得られる。
ールの第2の実施例は半導体チップCHIP3、接合層
V31...V33、中間層Z3及び結晶質炭素からな
る絶縁層ISO3及び熱放出装置W3からなるが、その
際図3に基づく半導体モジュールの上部構造は図2に基
づく半導体モジュールの上部構造と熱放出装置W3を除
いて同じである。底板の形の熱放出装置W2の代わりに
熱放出装置W3は例えばアルミニウム又は銅からなる冷
却体からなり、その端面領域3は焼結性表面を備えてい
る。この場合例示した層厚において、一次元的考察では
半導体チップ(CHIP3)と冷却体の端面領域3との
間に約0.02K/Wcm2 の熱抵抗Rthが得られる。
第3の実施例が示されているが、ここでは半導体チップ
CHIP4と冷却体の形の熱放出装置W4との間に接合
層V41及びV42、中間層Z4及び結晶質炭素からな
る絶縁層ISO4が存在し、その際絶縁層ISO4は冷
却体の端面領域4上に成長させられており、また接合層
V42は絶縁層ISO4を中間層Z4と、接合層V41
は半導体チップCHIP4を中間層Z4と接合する。図
4に示される実施例は図3に示されている実施例とは、
絶縁層ISO4が直接熱放出装置W4上に成長させられ
ており、絶縁層と熱放出装置との間に全く接合層を施さ
れていない点において異なる。接合層を省略することに
より一層薄い絶縁層、例えば厚さ30μmの多結晶質炭
素層(これは直接冷却体上に成長されているために取扱
が一層簡単である)が実現できるので更に熱抵抗を低下
できる。冷却体の端面領域4に絶縁層ISO4を成長さ
せる前にこの端面領域に例えばモリブデン又はアルミニ
ウムからなる層を備えてもよい。図2の実施例の層厚を
選択した場合半導体チップCHIP4と冷却体の端面領
域4との間の熱接触抵抗Rthは約0.01K/Wcm2
である。100V以下の電圧だけが生じる用途では、結
晶質炭素層だけでなく厚さ約1μm以下の非晶質炭素
層、いわゆるa−C:H層も使用することができる。し
かしこれは結晶質炭素層よりも絶縁性が僅かであり、熱
伝導率が低い。
イリスタのようなパワー半導体、例えばレーザダイオー
ド又は高パワー発光ダイオードのような電力損の高い他
の半導体デバイス並びに良好な熱放出が必要であるマイ
クロ波デバイスや集積回路にも適している。接触化部と
なる銅製中間層は場合によっては省略してもよい。
す横断面図。
示す横断面図。
例を示す横断面図。
Claims (10)
- 【請求項1】 半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP
4)と、半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)から
の熱を放出するための熱放出装置(W2…W4)と、半
導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)と熱放出装置
(W2…W4)との間に配置した結晶質炭素からなる電
気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…ISO4)と、半
導体チップと熱放出装置との間に配置した少なくとも1
つの中間層(Z2…Z12)と、半導体チップと熱放出
装置との間に配置した銀からなる接合層(V21…V4
2)とを備え、中間層(Z2…Z12)が銅に順にニッ
ケルの被覆と銀の被覆とを備えていることを特徴とする
半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項2】 半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP
4)と、半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)から
の熱を放出するための熱放出装置(W2…W4)と、半
導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)と熱放出装置
(W2…W4)との間に配置した結晶質炭素からなる電
気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…ISO4)と、半
導体チップと熱放出装置との間に配置した少なくとも1
つの中間層(Z2…Z12)と、半導体チップと熱放出
装置との間に配置した銀からなる接合層(V21…V4
2)とを備え、中間層(Z2…Z12)が銅に順にチタ
ンの被覆、白金の被覆及び金の被覆を備えていることを
特徴とする半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項3】 半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP
4)、中間層(Z2…Z12)、電気絶縁性で熱伝導性
の層(ISO2…ISO4)及び熱放出装置(W2…W
4)の機械的接合が押圧燒結により行われていることを
特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項4】 熱放出装置(W2)が半導体モジュール
の金属製底板からなり、この底板が燒結可能な端面領域
(2)を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のい
ずれか1つに記載の半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項5】 熱放出装置(W3)が冷却体からなり、
この冷却体が燒結可能な端面領域(3)を備えているこ
とを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の半
導体モジュール。 - 【請求項6】 熱放出装置(W4)が冷却体からなり、
この冷却体の端面領域(4)上に直接結晶質炭素からな
る電気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO4)が析出され、
冷却体と電気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO4)とが直
接接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいず
れか1つに記載の半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項7】 電気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…
ISO4)が多結晶質炭素からなることを特徴とする請
求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項8】 電気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…
ISO4)が単結晶質炭素からなることを特徴とする請
求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項9】 半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP
4)と、半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)から
の熱を放出するための熱放出装置(W2…W4)と、半
導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)と熱放出装置
(W2…W4)との間に配置した非晶質炭素からなる電
気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…ISO4)と、半
導体チップと熱放出装置との間に配置した少なくとも1
つの中間層(Z2…Z12)と、半導体チップと熱放出
装置との間に配置した銀からなる接合層(V21…V4
2)とを備え、中間層(Z2…Z12)が銅に順にニッ
ケルの被覆と銀の被覆とを備えていることを特徴とする
半導体モジュール。 - 【請求項10】 半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP
4)と、半導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)から
の熱を放出するための熱放出装置(W2…W4)と、半
導体チップ(CHIP2…CHIP4)と熱放出装置
(W2…W4)との間に配置した非晶質炭素からなる電
気絶縁性で熱伝導性の層(ISO2…ISO4)と、半
導体チップと熱放出装置との間に配置した少なくとも1
つの中間層(Z2…Z12)と、半導体チップと熱放出
装置との間に配置した銀からなる接合層(V21…V4
2)とを備え、中間層(Z2…Z12)が銅に順にチタ
ンの被覆、白金の被覆及び金の被覆を備えていることを
特徴とする半導体モジュール。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4201794.7 | 1992-01-23 | ||
DE4201794 | 1992-01-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH05259328A JPH05259328A (ja) | 1993-10-08 |
JP3338495B2 true JP3338495B2 (ja) | 2002-10-28 |
Family
ID=6450111
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2486793A Expired - Lifetime JP3338495B2 (ja) | 1992-01-23 | 1993-01-20 | 半導体モジュール |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5786633A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0552475B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3338495B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2087799A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE59208893D1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (23)
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EP0637078A1 (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-01 | Motorola, Inc. | A semiconductor device with improved heat dissipation |
US5354717A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1994-10-11 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for making a substrate structure with improved heat dissipation |
FR2714254B1 (fr) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-03-08 | Aerospatiale | Elément de transfert thermique, utilisable notamment en électronique comme support de circuit imprimé ou de composant et son procédé de fabrication. |
US6309956B1 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 2001-10-30 | Intel Corporation | Fabricating low K dielectric interconnect systems by using dummy structures to enhance process |
JP2000174166A (ja) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-06-23 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体搭載パッケ―ジ |
JP2001148451A (ja) * | 1999-03-24 | 2001-05-29 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | パワーモジュール用基板 |
US6208517B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-27 | Legerity, Inc. | Heat sink |
GB2371922B (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2004-12-15 | Cambridge Semiconductor Ltd | Semiconductor device and method of forming a semiconductor device |
EP1410437A2 (en) * | 2001-01-22 | 2004-04-21 | Morgan Chemical Products, Inc. | Cvd diamond enhanced microprocessor cooling system |
US6449158B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2002-09-10 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for securing an electronic power device to a heat spreader |
US20040200599A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-10-14 | Bradley Michael William | Amorphous carbon layer for heat exchangers and processes thereof |
CN100390974C (zh) * | 2004-08-20 | 2008-05-28 | 清华大学 | 一种大功率半导体器件用的大面积散热结构 |
WO2007037306A1 (ja) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-05 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | ヒートシンクモジュール及びその製造方法 |
DE102005050534B4 (de) * | 2005-10-21 | 2008-08-07 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Leistungshalbleitermodul |
KR100781584B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-21 | 2007-12-05 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 인쇄회로기판 및 그 제조방법 |
US20080001234A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Kangguo Cheng | Hybrid Field Effect Transistor and Bipolar Junction Transistor Structures and Methods for Fabricating Such Structures |
US8828804B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2014-09-09 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Semiconductor device and method |
US7754533B2 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-07-13 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device |
US8637379B2 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2014-01-28 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Device including a semiconductor chip and a carrier and fabrication method |
DE102011084949B4 (de) * | 2011-10-21 | 2016-03-31 | Osram Gmbh | Konverteranordnung, Verfahren zum Herstellen der Konverteranordnung und Beleuchtungsanordnung |
JP5963732B2 (ja) | 2013-10-31 | 2016-08-03 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーションInternational Business Machines Corporation | チップ支持基板の配線部裏面に放熱器設置の面領域を設定する方法およびチップ支持基板並びにチップ実装構造体 |
TWI638433B (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-10-11 | 英屬維京群島商艾格生科技股份有限公司 | 元件次黏著載具及其製造方法 |
US20210305095A1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-30 | Nxp B.V. | Method for forming a packaged semiconductor device |
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US3872496A (en) * | 1973-09-13 | 1975-03-18 | Sperry Rand Corp | High frequency diode having simultaneously formed high strength bonds with respect to a diamond heat sink and said diode |
US4471837A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1984-09-18 | Aavid Engineering, Inc. | Graphite heat-sink mountings |
FR2545987B1 (fr) * | 1983-05-10 | 1986-10-17 | Thomson Csf | Procede de realisation d'une embase plane a partir d'un pave monte sur un support, embase en resultant et utilisation d'une telle embase |
GB8328474D0 (en) * | 1983-10-25 | 1983-11-23 | Plessey Co Plc | Diamond heatsink assemblies |
EP0221531A3 (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1992-02-19 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | High heat conductive insulated substrate and method of manufacturing the same |
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JPS63277593A (ja) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-15 | Res Dev Corp Of Japan | ダイヤモンド被覆素子およびその製造方法 |
JPS649882A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1989-01-13 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High-thermal conductivity part and production thereof |
EP0327336B1 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1997-12-10 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Electronic devices incorporating carbon films |
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US5031029A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1991-07-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Copper device and use thereof with semiconductor devices |
-
1992
- 1992-12-18 EP EP19920121602 patent/EP0552475B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-18 DE DE59208893T patent/DE59208893D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-01-20 JP JP2486793A patent/JP3338495B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-21 CA CA 2087799 patent/CA2087799A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-25 US US08/008,734 patent/US5786633A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0552475A1 (de) | 1993-07-28 |
JPH05259328A (ja) | 1993-10-08 |
US5786633A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
EP0552475B1 (de) | 1997-09-10 |
CA2087799A1 (en) | 1993-07-24 |
DE59208893D1 (de) | 1997-10-16 |
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