JP2023536669A - リチウム二次電池用電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023536669A JP2023536669A JP2023508031A JP2023508031A JP2023536669A JP 2023536669 A JP2023536669 A JP 2023536669A JP 2023508031 A JP2023508031 A JP 2023508031A JP 2023508031 A JP2023508031 A JP 2023508031A JP 2023536669 A JP2023536669 A JP 2023536669A
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- electrolyte
- lithium secondary
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- secondary battery
- lithium
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- -1 alkyl trifluoroacetate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)F VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006743 (C1-C60) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004920 4-methyl-2-pentyl group Chemical group CC(CC(C)*)C 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100352919 Caenorhabditis elegans ppm-2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical class [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropoxy)propane Chemical compound CC(C)COCC(C)C SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
リチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム二次電池用電解液において、前記添加剤は下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、リチウム二次電池用電解液を提供する。
正極;負極;前記正極と負極との間に介在する分離膜;及び前記電解液を含む、リチウム二次電池を提供する。
本発明によるリチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム二次電池用電解液において、前記添加剤は下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、リチウム二次電池用電解液を提供する。
本発明によるリチウム二次電池は正極;負極;前記正極と負極との間に介在した分離膜;及び電解液;を含み、前記電解液として本発明によるリチウム二次電池用電解液を含む。
リチウム-硫黄電池用電解液の製造:製造例1ないし7
[製造例1]
有機溶媒である1,3-ジオキソラン(1,3-dioxolane)と1,2-ジメトキシエタン(1,2-dimethoxyethane)を1:1の体積比(v/v)で混合及び添加剤としてメチルトリフルオロアセテート(methyl trifluoro acetate)0.005重量%を添加し、1Mのリチウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド(LiTFSI)と1重量%のLiNO3を溶解してリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液を製造した。
添加剤であるメチルトリフルオロアセテートの添加重量比を下記表1のように異にしたことを除いては、前記製造例1と同様の方法でリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液を製造した。
[実施例1]
水を溶媒とし、正極活物質と硫黄-炭素複合体、導電材及びバインダーを87.5:5:7.5の割合で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造した。この際、硫黄-炭素複合体は、硫黄と炭素ナノチューブ(CNT)を75:25の重量比で混合して製造した。また導電材としてはデンカブラックを、バインダーとしてはスチレン-ブタジエンゴム/カルボキシメチルセルロース(SBR:CMC=70:30、重量比)を混合して、正極活物質スラリー組成物を製造した。
リチウム二次電池用電解液として前記製造例2ないし6の電解液を用いたことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム-硫黄電池を製造した。
リチウム二次電池用電解液として前記製造例7の電解液を用いたことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム-硫黄電池を製造した。
前記実施例1ないし6及び比較例1により製造されたリチウム-硫黄電池について、充/放電サイクルの繰り返しを通じて電池の寿命特性を評価した。評価結果は下記表3及び図1に示す。
実施例1ないし6及び比較例1によって製造されたリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液内の前記化学式1で表される化合物であるアルキルトリフルオロアセテートが含まれているか否かを確認するために、1H-NMR(300MHz、CDCl3、標準物質(TMS)スペクトルを測定した。
Claims (11)
- リチウム塩、有機溶媒及び添加剤を含むリチウム二次電池用電解液において、
前記添加剤は、下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、リチウム二次電池用電解液:
- 前記Rはメチル基;エチル基;n-プロピル基;イソプロピル基;n-ブチル基;イソブチル基;tert-ブチル基;sec-ブチル基;1-メチル-ブチル基;1-エチル-ブチル基;n-ペンチル基;イソペンチル基;ネオペンチル基;tert-ペンチル基;n-ヘキシル基;1-メチルペンチル基;2-メチルペンチル基;4-メチル-2-ペンチル基;3,3-ジメチルブチル基;及び2-エチルブチル基;からなる群から選択されるものである、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記Rはメチル基;エチル基;n-プロピル基;イソプロピル基;n-ブチル基;イソブチル基;tert-ブチル基;及びsec-ブチル基;からなる群から選択されるものである、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 前記リチウム二次電池用電解液は、電解液の総重量対比
0.01重量%ないし0.9重量%の前記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。 - 前記リチウム二次電池用電解液は、電解液の総重量対比
0.01重量%ないし0.4重量%の前記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。 - 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、メチルトリフルオロアセテートであり、
前記リチウム二次電池用電解液は、電解液の総重量対比0.01重量%ないし0.8重量%の前記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。 - 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、メチルトリフルオロアセテートであり、
前記化学式1で表される化合物の1H-NMR(300MHz、CDCl3、標準物質(TMS)スペクトルにおいて、3.95ppmないし4.00ppmの範囲で1つのピークが表れるものである、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。 - 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、エチルトリフルオロアセテートであり、
前記化学式1で表される化合物の1H-NMR(300MHz、CDCl3、標準物質(TMS)スペクトルにおいて、1.31ppmないし1.50ppmの範囲で3つのピーク及び4.25ppmないし5.55ppm範囲で4つのピークが表れるものである、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。 - 前記リチウム二次電池用電解液はリチウム-硫黄電池用電解液である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用電解液。
- 正極;
負極;
前記正極と負極との間に介在する分離膜;及び
請求項1ないし9のいずれか一項に記載の電解液を含む、リチウム二次電池。 - 前記リチウム二次電池はリチウム-硫黄電池である、請求項10に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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