JP2023017855A - 密閉型圧縮機および冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
密閉型圧縮機および冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QNHZQZQTTIYAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium tungsten Chemical compound [Cr][W] QNHZQZQTTIYAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C18/356—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
- F04C18/3562—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surfaces substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/38—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for roll bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2210/00—Fluid
- F04C2210/26—Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a
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- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2230/00—Manufacture
- F04C2230/90—Improving properties of machine parts
- F04C2230/91—Coating
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- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
- F05C2201/0436—Iron
- F05C2201/0439—Cast iron
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
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Abstract
Description
(実施例1)
ロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が63のSKH51からなる基材と、この基材の表面にCVD法により被覆した厚さ2μmのダイヤモンドラクカーボン膜(DLC膜)とからなる第1の部材、例えばブレードを作製した。
(実施例2)
実施例1と同様な鋳鉄からなり、ブレードとの摺動面の炭化物析出量が面積率で2%、かつ加熱条件を調節してロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が30~65に変化させたローラを作製し、当該ローラを実施例1と同様なブレードと共にロータリー型圧縮機の圧縮機構部に組み込み、同様な運転条件でブレードのDLC膜の摩耗量およびローラの摩耗量を求めた。その結果を図4に示す。
(実施例3)
実施例1と同様な鋳鉄からなり、ブレードとの摺動面の炭化物析出量が面積率で2%、ロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が45のローラを作製した。
(比較例1)
球状黒鉛鋳鉄(JIS G 5502:2001)からローラを作製した。
(比較例2)
モニクロ鋳鉄、すなわち片状黒鉛鋳鉄[JIS G 5501:1995]にMo,NiおよびCrを添加した特殊合金鋳鉄、からローラを作製した。
(実施例4)
ロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が63のSKH51からなる基材の表面にCVD法によりビッカース硬さ(Hv)2500、厚さ2.5μmのダイヤモンドラクカーボン膜(DLC膜)を被覆してブレードを作製した。
(比較例3)
ロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が36のSUS440Cからなる基材の表面を窒化処理によりビッカース硬さ(Hv)1000、厚さ8μmの窒化物膜を形成してブレードを作製した。
(比較例4)
ロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が63のSKH51からなる基材の表面にCVD法によりビッカース硬さ(Hv)1200、厚さ2μmのCrN膜を被覆してブレードを作製した。
(実施例5)
極圧添加剤であるトリクレジルホスフェートが0重量%、0.1重量%,0.3重量%,0.5重量%,0.6重量%,0.7重量%,0.8重量%,0.9重量%および1.0重量%含む冷凍機油であるポリオールエステル油を用い、実施例1と同様なブレードおよび実施例1と同様な鋳鉄からなり、ブレードとの摺動面の炭化物析出量が面積率で2%、かつHRCが45のローラをロータリー型圧縮機の圧縮機構部に組み込み、実施例1と同様な運転条件でブレードのDLC膜の摩耗量を求めた。その結果を図6に示す。
以下に、本願出願の当初の請求の範囲に記載された発明を付記する。
[1]密閉容器内に冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機構部と冷凍機油とを備える密閉型圧縮機であって、
前記圧縮機構部は、相互に摺動する第1の部材と第2の部材とを備え、
前記第1の部材は、鉄系金属からなる基材の表面にダイヤモンドライクカーボン膜を有し、
前記第2の部材は、マグネシウムを添加した鋳鉄から形成され、前記第1の部材との摺動面の炭化物析出量が面積率で5%以下であり、かつロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が40以上55以下である密閉型圧縮機。
[2]前記冷凍機油は、極圧添加剤を含まないか、または0.5重量%以下の極圧添加剤を含む[1]の密閉型圧縮機。
[3]前記冷媒は、塩素を含まない[1]の密閉型圧縮機。
[4]前記圧縮機構部は、内径部にシリンダ室を形成するシリンダと、前記シリンダ室内に設けられたローラと、先端部が前記ローラの外周面に押し付けられ前記シリンダ室を吸入領域と圧縮領域とに区画するブレードと、前記シリンダ室を貫通し前記ローラを偏心回転させるシャフトと、前記シリンダ室を閉鎖する閉鎖部材とを備え、前記第1の部材が前記ブレードであり、前記第2の部材が前記ローラである[1]の密閉型圧縮機。
[5]前記シャフトは、球状黒鉛鋳鉄で形成され、前記閉鎖部材は片状黒鉛鋳鉄で形成される[4]の密閉型圧縮機。
[6][1]~[5]いずれかの密閉型圧縮機と、放熱器と、膨張装置と、吸熱器とを備える冷凍サイクル装置。
Claims (6)
- 密閉容器内に冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機構部と冷凍機油とを備える密閉型圧縮機であって、
前記圧縮機構部は、相互に摺動する第1の部材と第2の部材とを備え、
前記第1の部材は、鉄系金属からなる基材の表面にダイヤモンドライクカーボン膜を有し、
前記第2の部材は、マグネシウムを添加した鋳鉄から形成され、前記第1の部材との摺動面の炭化物析出量が面積率で5%以下であり、かつロックウエル硬さ(HRC)が40以上55以下であり、
前記第2の部材の前記鋳鉄は、0.02重量%以上0.1重量%以下の前記マグネシウム、2.0重量%以上5.0重量%以下の炭素、および0.05重量%以下の前記炭化物析出量を調節し得るリンを少なくとも含み、残部が鉄である密閉型圧縮機。 - 前記冷凍機油は、極圧添加剤を含まないか、または0.5重量%以下の極圧添加剤を含む請求項1に記載の密閉型圧縮機。
- 前記冷媒は、塩素を含まない請求項1に記載の密閉型圧縮機。
- 前記圧縮機構部は、内径部にシリンダ室を形成するシリンダと、前記シリンダ室内に設けられたローラと、先端部が前記ローラの外周面に押し付けられ前記シリンダ室を吸入領域と圧縮領域とに区画するブレードと、前記シリンダ室を貫通し前記ローラを偏心回転させるシャフトと、前記シリンダ室を閉鎖する閉鎖部材とを備え、前記第1の部材が前記ブレードであり、前記第2の部材が前記ローラである請求項1に記載の密閉型圧縮機。
- 前記シャフトは、球状黒鉛鋳鉄で形成され、前記閉鎖部材は片状黒鉛鋳鉄で形成される請求項4に記載の密閉型圧縮機。
- 請求項1~5いずれか1項に記載の密閉型圧縮機と、放熱器と、膨張装置と、吸熱器とを備える冷凍サイクル装置。
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