JP2022528606A - 銅、酸化亜鉛、アルミナ、及びシリカを含有する触媒 - Google Patents
銅、酸化亜鉛、アルミナ、及びシリカを含有する触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2022528606A JP2022528606A JP2021553858A JP2021553858A JP2022528606A JP 2022528606 A JP2022528606 A JP 2022528606A JP 2021553858 A JP2021553858 A JP 2021553858A JP 2021553858 A JP2021553858 A JP 2021553858A JP 2022528606 A JP2022528606 A JP 2022528606A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- range
- copper
- weight
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 rare earth compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical class [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002706 AlOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CKOFTLIGGWQUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;copper;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cu].[Cu].OC(O)=O CKOFTLIGGWQUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonoperoxoic acid Chemical class OOC(O)=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004375 physisorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011268 retreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000177 wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0233—Compounds of Cu, Ag, Au
- B01J20/0237—Compounds of Cu
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/024—Compounds of Zn, Cd, Hg
- B01J20/0244—Compounds of Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0248—Compounds of B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0251—Compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
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Abstract
Description
CO+H2O→CO2+H2
CO+2H2→CH3OH
CO2+3H2→CH3OH+H2O
(i)水性媒体中で、銅及び亜鉛化合物の共沈物を含む均質な混合物を、アルミナ及びシリカと形成する工程であって、アルミナはアルミナゾルによって供給される、工程と、
(ii)均質な混合物を回収し、洗浄し、乾燥させて乾燥組成物を形成する工程と、
(iii)乾燥組成物を焼成及び成形して触媒を形成する工程と、を含む。
A.炭素酸化物の1つ又は両方(すなわち一酸化炭素及び/又は二酸化炭素)及び水素を含有するガス混合物を、200~320℃の範囲の温度、20~250、特に30~120bar absの範囲の圧力、及び500~20000h-1の範囲の空間速度で触媒上を通過させるメタノール合成。プロセスは、一回通過又は再循環ベースであってもよく、反応ガスと接触する表面との間接的な熱交換による冷却、又は触媒床の細分化と冷却ガスの注入による床間でのガスの冷却を含んでもよい。このプロセスでは、触媒は、好ましくは、アルミナ及びシリカと共に銅、酸化亜鉛、及び任意でマグネシアを含有する。触媒は、天然ガスを水蒸気改質し、及び/又は酸素で自己熱改質して、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、及び水素を含有する合成ガスを生成するメタノール合成プロセス、又は合成ガスが一酸化炭素に富み、石炭又はバイオマス又は都市の廃棄物のガス化に由来するプロセスに使用される。触媒は特に、合成ガスが水素及び二酸化炭素から本質的に形成される場合の、特に水素及び/又は二酸化炭素が、水の電気分解による水素及び燃焼ガス又は埋立地ガスなどの排ガスからの回収CO2などの再生可能な供給源のみから回収される場合のメタノール合成プロセスに使用される。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が4.4:1.7:1.0:0.2:0.04で64.4wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルとシリカゾルの混合物を沈殿容器に加えながら、銅、亜鉛、及びマグネシウムの硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中330℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が5.1:1.9:1.0:0.04で66.1wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、硝酸マグネシウムを用いずに、空気中300℃、6時間の焼成で実施例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が4.5:1.7:1.0:0.2:0.006で64.5wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、空気中305℃、6時間の焼成で実施例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が4.5:1.7:1.0:0.2:0.08で64.2wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、空気中305℃、6時間の焼成で実施例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が6.7:2.5:1.0:0.3:0.11で66.1wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、空気中305℃、6時間の焼成で実施例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が3.3:1.2:1.0:0.1:0.06で62.2wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、空気中305℃、6時間の焼成で実施例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が5.4:2.0:1.0:0.2:0.04で65.9wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にシリカでドープしたアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅、亜鉛、及びマグネシウムの硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中330℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が4.3:1.7:1.0:0.04で64.6wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅と亜鉛の硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液及びシリカゾルを炭酸カリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中300℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が4.0:1.5:1.0:0.03で64.4wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅と亜鉛の硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。シリカゾルを得られた共沈物に加えた。得られた混合物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中300℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が4.4:1.7:1.0:0.2:0.04で63.2wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時に可溶性ケイ酸カリウムを含有するアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅、亜鉛、及びマグネシウムの硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中305℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が4.2:1.6:1.0:0.03で64.4wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅と亜鉛の硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウムとケイ酸カリウムを含む溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中300℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Mg:Siのモル比が4.2:1.2:1.0:0.2:0.04で67.8wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルとシリカゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅、亜鉛、及びマグネシウムの硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸ナトリウム溶液で共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で最大2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中300℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が3.8:2.2:1.0:0.04で56.6wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、米国特許第6048820号の実施例2に概説されている手順に従って調製した。銅、亜鉛、及びアルミニウムの硝酸塩を含有する混合金属硝酸塩溶液、シリカゾル、及び炭酸ナトリウム溶液を同時に沈殿容器中の脱塩水に撹拌しながら室温で加えた。得られた沈殿物を室温で24時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中600℃で2時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が3.8:2.2:1.0:0.04で56.6wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、305℃、6時間の焼成で比較例1に記載のように調製した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が3.3:1.5:1.0:0.01で60.1wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、中国特許101306369Aの実施例5に概説されている手順に従って調製した。硝酸アルミニウム溶液を、7.0~7.2のpH及び80℃の温度で炭酸ナトリウム及びケイ酸ナトリウムの溶液で共沈させて沈殿物Aを形成した。この材料は安定したコロイド懸濁液ではなく、数時間で沈殿した。分析から、D50平均粒径が226nmであることが示された。別に、銅と亜鉛の硝酸塩溶液を7.0~7.2のpH及び65~70℃の温度で炭酸ナトリウム溶液で共沈させて沈殿物Bを形成した。沈殿物Aを沈殿物Bに1:7の体積比で加えた。得られた混合物を70℃で2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中340℃で4時間焼成した。
米国特許第4788175号に記載されているCu:Zn:Al:Mgのモル比が4.4:1.6:1.0:0.2で64.2wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、6.3~6.8のpH及び65~70℃の温度で、同時にアルミナゾルを沈殿容器に加えながら、銅、亜鉛及びマグネシウムの硝酸塩を含む混合金属硝酸塩溶液を炭酸カリウムで共沈させることにより調製した。得られた沈殿物を65~70℃で2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中330℃で6時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Al:Siのモル比が6.2:3.4:1.0:0.08で59.5wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、米国特許第9314774号の実施例2に概説されている手順に従って調製した。炭酸ナトリウム溶液を、銅、亜鉛及びアルミニウムの硝酸塩とシリカゾルとを含有する混合金属硝酸塩溶液に撹拌しながら室温で加えた。得られた沈殿物を70℃で2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中350℃で2時間焼成した。
Cu:Zn:Zr:Al:Siのモル比が4.8:3.3:1.6:1.0:0.12で42.5wt%の酸化銅含有量を有する酸化物触媒を、米国特許第9314774号の比較例5に概説されている手順に従って調製した。銅、亜鉛、アルミニウム及びジルコニウムの硝酸塩とシリカゾルとを含有する混合金属硝酸塩溶液並びに炭酸ナトリウム溶液を、同時に撹拌しながら室温で脱塩水に加えた。得られた沈殿物を70℃で2時間エージングし、濾過し、脱塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させ、空気中400℃で2時間焼成した。
各触媒試料を粉砕し、0.6~1.0mmの粒径分画に篩い分けした。実験には従来のマイクロリアクタを使用した。粉砕した触媒試料を、窒素中2v/v%の水素のガス混合物で、225℃で完全に還元した。次いで、6v/v%のCO、6v/v%のCO2、9v/v%のN2及び79v/v%のH2のガス組成を有するプロセスガス混合物を触媒試料上に導入した。還元した触媒試料を、225℃、40,000L/hr/kg、50bargのプロセスガス混合物に曝露した。一定の時間の後、触媒試料を300℃を超える不活化条件に曝露して過酷な動作条件をシミュレートし、エージング効果を加速させた。生成物ガスのフロー及びスキャン分析を、寿命の開始時及び触媒を不活化条件下に保持した後に行った。フロー及びスキャン分析は、225℃、50bargで質量速度を変化させて行った。赤外線分析器を使用して、反応器からの出口ガス流のv/v%濃度を求めた。フロー及びスキャン分析のデータを用いて、これらの実験で基準触媒として選択した比較例1に対する試験材料の相対活性を計算した。相対活性は、一定の変換率における標準触媒を通る流量に対する各触媒を通る流量の比から計算される。結果を以下の表に示す。
Claims (26)
- 酸化物触媒粉末から形成される成形ユニットの形態の炭素酸化物の変換反応に使用するために好適な触媒であって、酸化亜鉛、アルミナ、及びシリカと組み合わされた30~70重量%の酸化銅を含み、Si:Alの原子比が0.005~0.15:1の範囲であり、BET表面積が105m2/g以上、銅表面積が37m2/g触媒を超える、触媒。
- 前記触媒が、50~70重量%、好ましくは60~70重量%の範囲の量の酸化銅を含むメタノール合成触媒である、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- CuO:ZnOの重量比が、2:1~3.5:1の範囲、好ましくは2.5:1~2.75:1の範囲である、請求項2に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒が、20~30重量%の酸化亜鉛を含有する、請求項2又は3に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒が、5~20重量%、好ましくは5~15重量%、より好ましくは8~11重量%の範囲の量のアルミナを含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒が、40m2/g触媒以上、好ましくは45m2/g触媒以上、より好ましくは50m2/g触媒以上の銅表面積を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒が、Mg、Co、Mn、V、Ti、Zr又は希土類の化合物、好ましくはマグネシウム化合物、より好ましくは酸化マグネシウムから選択される1つ以上の促進剤化合物を1~5重量%の範囲の量で更に含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 前記触媒中のシリカの量が、0.05~1.50重量%、好ましくは0.2~1.20重量%、より好ましくは0.3~0.8重量%の範囲である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 前記Si:Alの原子比が、0.03~0.07:1の範囲である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 前記Si:Cuの原子比が、0.001~0.018:1、好ましくは0.004~0.017:1、より好ましくは0.007~0.009:1の範囲である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 窒素物理吸着によって求められる、前記触媒のBET表面積が、107m2/g以上、好ましくは109m2/g以上、より好ましくは110m2/g以上、最も好ましくは115m2/g以上である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1の触媒の製造方法であって、(i)水性媒体中で、銅及び亜鉛化合物の共沈物を含む均質な混合物を、アルミナ及びシリカと形成する工程であって、前記アルミナはアルミナゾルによって供給される、工程と、(ii)前記均質な混合物を回収し、洗浄し、乾燥させて乾燥組成物を形成する工程と、(iii)前記乾燥組成物を焼成し成形して前記触媒を形成する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記共沈物が、沈殿容器中で銅及び亜鉛化合物を含有する酸性水溶液を混合し、前記酸性水溶液をアルカリ沈殿剤水溶液と合わせることによって調製される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記銅及び亜鉛化合物が硝酸塩であり、前記アルカリ沈殿剤がアルカリ金属炭酸塩、好ましくは炭酸カリウムを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記沈殿が、40~80℃、好ましくは50~80℃、特に60~80℃の範囲の温度で行われる、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記共沈物が、別のエージング容器中で、10~80℃、好ましくは40~80℃、より好ましくは50~80℃、特に60~80℃の範囲の温度でエージングされる、請求項13~15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルミナゾルが、前記酸性金属溶液又はアルカリ沈殿剤水溶液とは別に前記沈殿容器に添加される、請求項13~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルミナゾルが、分散したときに、5~200nm、好ましくは5~100nm、より好ましくは5~50nmの範囲のD50平均粒径を有するコロイド状に分散したベーマイトの分散液である、請求項12~17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒中のシリカが、シリカ修飾アルミナゾルを含むシリカゾル、及び/又はアルカリ金属ケイ酸塩などの水溶性ケイ素化合物、又は有機ケイ酸塩に由来する、請求項13~18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- シリカゾルが、前記酸性金属溶液及び/若しくは前記アルミナゾルに添加される、並びに/又は前記沈殿容器及び/若しくは前記エージング容器に添加される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩が、前記アルカリ沈殿剤水溶液及び/若しくは前記アルミナゾルに添加される、並びに/又は前記沈殿容器及び/若しくはエージング容器添加される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥工程が、90~150℃の範囲の温度で行われる、請求項12~21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成形組成物が、2.5~10mm、好ましくは3~10mmの範囲の直径、及び0.5~2.0の範囲のアスペクト比(長さ/直径)を有する円筒形ペレットである、請求項12~22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記焼成が、275~450℃、好ましくは275~400℃、より好ましくは275~350℃の範囲の温度で行われる、請求項12~23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の触媒、又は請求項12~24のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って調製された触媒の存在下で、一酸化炭素及び二酸化炭素のうちの少なくとも1つを含有し、水素及び/水蒸気を更に含有する炭素酸化物含有プロセスガスを反応させることを含む、炭素酸化物変換プロセス。
- 前記プロセスが、メタノール合成及び水性ガスシフト反応から選択される、請求項25に記載の炭素酸化物変換プロセス。
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CN118059868A (zh) | 2024-05-24 |
WO2020212681A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
JP7485688B2 (ja) | 2024-05-16 |
CL2021002375A1 (es) | 2022-04-22 |
GB2583185A (en) | 2020-10-21 |
CA3130423A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
GB202003791D0 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
GB201905293D0 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
EP3956058A1 (en) | 2022-02-23 |
AU2020257578A1 (en) | 2021-09-16 |
US20220152597A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
CN113557087B (zh) | 2024-03-19 |
CN113557087A (zh) | 2021-10-26 |
EA202192055A1 (ru) | 2021-10-21 |
GB2583185B (en) | 2022-04-06 |
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