JP2022526484A - 二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022526484A JP2022526484A JP2021555828A JP2021555828A JP2022526484A JP 2022526484 A JP2022526484 A JP 2022526484A JP 2021555828 A JP2021555828 A JP 2021555828A JP 2021555828 A JP2021555828 A JP 2021555828A JP 2022526484 A JP2022526484 A JP 2022526484A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- metal oxide
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明の正極活物質は、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)およびマンガン(Mn)を含むリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物であり、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物は、リチウム以外の金属のうちニッケル(Ni)が60モル%以上含有され、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粒子の表面にはコーティング層が形成され、前記コーティング層は、リチウム副生成物とポリマーが反応して形成されたリチウム-ポリマー化合物を含む。
LipNi1-(x1+y1+z1)Cox1Mny1Ma z1O2+δ
本発明の正極活物質は、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)およびマンガン(Mn)を含み、リチウム以外の金属のうちニッケル(Ni)を60モル%以上含有するリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を用意するステップと、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物をポリマー溶液と混合し熱処理して、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粒子の表面に存在するリチウム副生成物とポリマーを反応させて形成されたリチウム-ポリマー化合物を含むコーティング層を形成するステップとを含む。
本発明の他の一実施形態によると、前記正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池用正極およびリチウム二次電池を提供する。
Ni:Co:Mnのモル比が90:4:6である前駆体にLi/金属(Ni、Co、Mn)のモル比が1.01になるように水酸化リチウム(LiOH)を入れて混合し、熱処理のために混合した粉末をアルミナるつぼに投入した。次に、酸素雰囲気、750℃で5時間熱処理を行い、870℃で10時間熱処理を行ってリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を製造した。
ポリマーとして、ポリアクリルアミド(PAA)の代わりにポリイミド(PI)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して正極活物質を製造した。
リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物とポリアクリルアミド(PAA)の混合時に、金属酸化物H3BO3をさらに混合した以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して正極活物質を製造した。
ポリマーとして、ポリアクリルアミド(PAA)の代わりにポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVDF)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して正極活物質を製造した。
熱処理が完了したリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粉末をポリマー溶液と混合する前に、固形分と超純水(De-ionized water)の割合を1:1.2にして水洗工程を行い、有機溶媒NMPに溶解させたポリアクリルアミド(PAA)のポリマー溶液の代わりに金属酸化物H3BO3粉末を混合した後、乾式コーティングした以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して正極活物質を製造した。
熱処理が完了したリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粉末をポリマー溶液と混合する前に、固形分と超純水(De-ionized water)の割合を1:1.2にして水洗工程を行った以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して正極活物質を製造した。
実施例1~4および比較例1~2により製造された正極活物質5gを水100mLに分散させた後0.1MのHClで滴定しながらpH値の変化を測定し、pH滴定曲線(pH titration Curve)を得た。前記pH滴定曲線を用いて各正極活物質のコーティング層内のLiOH含量とLi2CO3含量を計算し、Li2CO3/LiOH値を計算し、下記表1に示す。
示差走査熱量測定計(SETARAM Instrumentation、Sensys evo DSC)を用いて、実施例1~4および比較例1~2の正極活物質の温度による熱流量(Heat Flow)を測定した。具体的には、前記実施例1~4および比較例1~2の正極活物質16mgをDSC測定用耐圧パンに投入した後、電解液(EVPS)20μLを注入した。DSC分析のための温度範囲は25℃~400℃にし、昇温速度は10℃/分にした。それぞれの正極活物質に対して、3回以上DSC測定を実施して平均値を算出した。測定結果は表2に図示した。
実施例1~4および比較例1~2で製造された各正極活物質、カーボンブラック導電材およびPVdFバインダーをN-メチルピロリドン溶媒の中で96.5:1.5:2の割合の重量比で混合して正極合材(粘度:5000mPa・s)を製造し、これをアルミニウム集電体の一面に塗布した後、130℃で乾燥してから圧延し、正極を製造した。
Claims (14)
- ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)およびマンガン(Mn)を含むリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物であって、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物は、リチウム以外の金属のうちニッケル(Ni)が60モル%以上含有され、
前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粒子の表面にはコーティング層が形成され、前記コーティング層は、リチウム副生成物とポリマーが反応して形成されたリチウム-ポリマー化合物を含む、二次電池用正極活物質。 - 前記ポリマーは、ポリアクリルアミド(Polyacrylamide、PAA)およびポリイミド(Polyimide、PI)からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項1に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記リチウム副生成物は、LiOHおよびLi2CO3からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項1または2に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記リチウム副生成物は、LiOHおよびLi2CO3を含み、Li2CO3/LiOHが0.1~1.0である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記正極活物質に残存する全リチウム副生成物は、0.5~2.0重量%である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記コーティング層は、金属酸化物をさらに含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記金属酸化物は、B、Co、Zr、Al、およびNbからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを含む、請求項6に記載の二次電池用正極活物質。
- ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)およびマンガン(Mn)を含み、リチウム以外の金属のうちニッケル(Ni)を60モル%以上含有するリチウム複合遷移金属酸化物を用意するステップと、
前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物をポリマー溶液と混合し熱処理して、前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物粒子の表面に存在するリチウム副生成物とポリマーを反応させて形成されたリチウム-ポリマー化合物を含むコーティング層を形成するステップとを含む、二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記ポリマー溶液は、ポリアクリルアミド(Polyacrylamide、PAA)およびポリイミド(Polyimide、PI)からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのポリマーと、有機溶媒とを含む、請求項8に記載の二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記リチウム副生成物は、LiOHおよびLi2CO3からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項8または9に記載の二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記リチウム複合遷移金属酸化物のリチウム副生成物を除去するための水洗工程を含まない、請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理温度は、100~500℃である、請求項8から11のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質を含む、二次電池用正極。
- 請求項13に記載の正極を含む、リチウム二次電池。
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