JP2022516757A - 多孔質高分子中空フィルター膜 - Google Patents
多孔質高分子中空フィルター膜 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
- B01D69/0871—Fibre guidance after spinning through the manufacturing apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
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- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0016—Coagulation
- B01D67/00165—Composition of the coagulation baths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
平均バブルポイントを測定するために、試料中空繊維膜をホルダに入れる。空気はホルダを通して加圧され、流量は圧力の関数として測定される。次いで、低表面張力流体HFE-7200(3M)を膜に導入して膜を濡らす。ホルダを通して中空繊維膜の内部で空気を加圧し、圧力の関数として空気フローを測定する。平均バブルポイントは、乾燥膜の空気フローに対する濡れた膜の空気フローの比が0.5である圧力である。試験は、摂氏20度~22度の範囲の温度で行われる。
「粒子保持率」または「被覆率」は、流体流の流体経路に配置された膜によって流体流から除去することができる粒子の数の割合を指す。試料フィルター膜ディスクの粒子保持率は、公称直径0.03ミクロンの8ppmポリスチレン粒子を含有する、0.1%Triton X-100の水性供給溶液(Duke Scientific G25Bから入手可能)を十分な量で通過させて、7mL/分の一定流量で膜を通して1%の単層被覆率を達成し、透過液を収集することによって測定することができる。透過液中のポリスチレン粒子の濃度は、透過液の吸光度から算出することができる。次いで、以下の式を使用して粒子保持率を計算する。
粒子保持率
供給物-濾液
供給物
1%単層のための粒子数#
式中、
α=有効膜表面積
dp=粒子の直径
本明細書で使用される「公称直径」は、光子相関分光法(PCS)、レーザー回折、または光学もしくはSEM顕微鏡観察法によって決定される粒子の直径である。通常、計算された直径、または公称直径は、粒子の投影画像と同じ投影面積を有する球の直径として表される。PCS、レーザー回折および光学顕微鏡観察法技術は、当該技術分野で周知である。例えば、Jillavenkatesa,A.et al.;「Particle Size Characterization」;「NIST Recommended Practice Guide」;米国標準技術研究所Special Publication 960-1;2001年1月を参照されたい。
イソプロパノール透過率(「フロー」)は、内部フロー試験を使用して決定することができる。膜を、第1側面を上流に向けてホルダ内に入れる。摂氏20~22度の温度で所定の区間の間、特定の圧力、すなわち14.2psiでイソプロパノールを試料に供給した。次いで、膜を通って流れるイソプロパノールを収集し、測定する。イソプロパノール透過率は、以下の式から計算される。
式中、
V=収集されたイソプロパノールの容積
t=収集の時間
α=有効膜表面積
p=膜全体の圧力損失
Claims (23)
- ポリマー多孔質膜を調製する方法であって、
押出温度で、ポリマーおよび溶媒を含むポリマー溶液を押出成形して、押出中空繊維を形成することと、
押出中空繊維を液体金属と接触させることによって、押出中空繊維の温度を低下させることと
を含む、方法。 - 液体金属が摂氏100度未満の温度である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 液体金属が、摂氏100度未満の融点を有する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 液体金属が、摂氏50度未満の融点を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 液体金属が、
少なくとも50重量パーセントのガリウム、
少なくとも5重量パーセントのスズ、および
少なくとも10重量パーセントのインジウム
を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 液体金属が、
65~72重量パーセントのガリウム、
5~15重量パーセントのスズ、および
15~25重量パーセントのインジウム
を含む、請求項1~5のいずれかの一項に記載の方法。 - ポリマー多孔質膜を調製する方法であって、
押出温度でポリマーおよび溶媒を含むポリマー溶液を押出成形して、押出中空繊維を形成することと、
押出中空繊維を、少なくとも3ワット/メートル/ケルビン度の熱伝導率を有する液体と接触させることによって、押出中空繊維の温度を低下させることと
を含む、方法。 - 押出温度が少なくとも摂氏180度である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマーが、ポリオレフィン、フッ素化ポリマー、過フッ素化ポリマー、ナイロン、ポリスルホン、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される熱可塑性樹脂ポリマーを含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマーがポリエチレンである、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマーが、ポリビニリデンフルオリド、エチレン-テトラフルオロ-エチレン、フッ素化エチレン-プロピレンまたはナイロンである、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマー溶液が、ポリマー溶液の総重量に基づいて、
10~40重量パーセントのポリマー、および
60~90重量パーセントの溶媒
を含む、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 溶媒が、
押出温度でポリマーが可溶性である第1の溶媒、および
押出温度でポリマーが第1の溶媒よりも可溶性が低い第2の溶媒
を含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ポリマー多孔質膜が、0.01~10ミクロンの範囲の平均サイズの孔を有する、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマー多孔質膜が、方法および材料は同じだが、押出中空繊維を水と接触させて押出中空繊維の温度を低下させることによって形成される同等の多孔質膜のバブルポイントよりも高いバブルポイントを有する、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリマー多孔質膜が、摂氏22度の温度でHFE-7200液体流体を使用して測定した場合に、少なくとも50ポンド/平方インチのバブルポイントを有する、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 多孔質膜が、10~1000の範囲の厚さを有する、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって調製された多孔質膜。
- 請求項18に記載の多孔質膜を含むフィルターカートリッジ。
- 請求項18に記載の多孔質膜を含むフィルター。
- 溶媒含有液体をフィルター膜に通過させることを含む、請求項18に記載の多孔質膜、請求項19に記載のフィルターカートリッジ、または請求項20に記載のフィルターを使用する方法。
- 溶媒含有液体が半導体リソグラフィー溶媒である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 溶媒が、乳酸エチル、ガンマ-ブチロラクトン、ヘキサメチルジシラザン、メチル-2-ヒドロキシイソブチレート、イソプロピルアルコール、メチルイソブチルカルビノール、酢酸n-ブチル、テトラエチルアンモニウム水酸化物(TMAH)、プロピレングリコールメチルエーテル(PGME)、プロピレングリコールメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)、酢酸イソアミル、2-ヘプタノン、シクロヘキサノン、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項21または22に記載の方法。
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