JP2022137178A - 金属ナノ粒子を含む基材、関連する物品、およびそれらを作製する連続工程 - Google Patents
金属ナノ粒子を含む基材、関連する物品、およびそれらを作製する連続工程 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年1月14日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/278,768号の優先権、およびその利益を主張し、その開示全体は、あらゆる目的のために、参照によって本明細書中に援用される。
技術分野
図面では:
実施例A
ナノ粒子のサイズは、図4に示すとおり、20~100nmであった。
細菌減少%=(100)(流入液-流出液)/(流入液) (式1)
対数減少=-log(1-細菌減少%) (式2)
細菌のストレス試験では、パイロット規模の抄紙機械を介して製造された銀ナノ粒子紙は、約90Lの容量で平均99.998%の大腸菌を取り除ける(5.2対数減少)ことが実証された(表2)。流入液(濾過前)の、そして流出液(濾過後)の大腸菌数を、図5にプロットした。以下の表2に、実施例Aにおいて形成された銀ナノ粒子紙に通して濾過された1.95×106コロニー形成ユニット数(CFU/mL)の大腸菌の容積に対する、細菌と対数の減少を例示する。
Claims (57)
- 基材を形成する方法であって:
ナノ粒子前駆体の水溶液を繊維の集合体に塗布し、前記ナノ粒子前駆体が金属塩および還元剤を含むこと;および
連続運転時に熱エネルギーを用いて前記繊維の集合体を乾燥させて前記基材を形成し、これによって、乾燥により前記基材中に前記金属ナノ粒子が生じ、前記金属ナノ粒子が少なくとも一次元において1から約200ナノメートルまでの範囲にあるサイズを有することを含む方法。 - 前記金属ナノ粒子のサイズが、少なくとも一次元において約1から約100ナノメートルの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子のサイズが、少なくとも一次元において約1から約50ナノメートルの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子のサイズが、少なくとも一次元において約50から約200ナノメートルの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子のサイズが、少なくとも一次元において約100から約200ナノメートルの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子のサイズが、少なくとも一次元において約150から約200ナノメートルの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属塩が:
銀、金、白金、パラジウム、アルミニウム、鉄、亜鉛、銅、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン、モリブデン、カドミウム、イリジウム、およびそれらの混合物の少なくとも一つを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記金属塩が銀を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属塩が、硝酸銀、酢酸銀、酸化銀、硫酸銀、ヘキサフルオロリン酸銀、四フッ化ホウ酸銀、過塩素酸銀、炭酸銀、または塩化銀である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属塩が銅を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属塩が、酢酸銅、硫酸銅、硝酸銅、酸化銅、塩化銅、炭酸銅、またはそれらの混合物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤が糖である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 糖が:グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、マンノース、乳糖、マルトース、二糖類、三糖類、コーンシロップ、グルコースシロップ、高フルクトースコーンシロップ、マルトースシロップ、およびそれらの混合物の少なくとも一つである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤がアルデヒド形成薬品である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤がアルデヒド形成薬品である、請求項1に記載の方法。
水素化ホウ素ナトリウム等の還元剤 - 乾燥により、前記金属塩と前記還元剤の化学反応が活性化され、それにより前記基材中で前記金属塩が還元されて金属ナノ粒子になる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を前記繊維集合体に塗布することが、前記金属塩および前記還元剤を前記繊維の集合体に単一操作で塗布することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 乾燥に先立って、前記水溶液を前記繊維の集合体に塗布することが:
前記金属塩を含有する第1の溶液を前記繊維の集合体に塗布すること;および
前記第1の溶液を塗布した後、前記還元剤を含有する第2の溶液を前記繊維の集合体に塗布することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記セルロース系繊維の集合体を乾燥させることが、a)抄紙機の蒸気加熱またはガス加熱されたシリンダー、またはb)強制空気加熱された装置、またはc)IRヒーターによる照射を用いて乾燥させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記基材が、紙、布地材料、または不織材料である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維の集合体が、セルロース系繊維の集合体である、請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 乾燥に先立って、前記セルロース系繊維の集合体が、セルロース系繊維のウェブである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を塗布することが、抄紙機の塗布ユニット内で前記セルロース系繊維のウェブを前記水溶液と接触させることを含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を塗布することが、前記セルロース系基材を作製した抄紙機の部分ではない塗布ユニット内で前記セルロース系繊維のウェブを前記水溶液と接触させることを含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を前記セルロース系繊維のウェブに塗布することが:
前記金属塩を含有する第1の溶液を前記セルロース系繊維のウェブに塗布すること;および
前記第1の溶液を塗布した後、前記還元剤を含有する第2の溶液を前記セルロース系繊維のウェブに塗布することを含む、請求項22に記載の方法。 - 乾燥が、前記還元剤を含有する前記第2の溶液を前記セルロース系繊維のウェブに塗布するのに先立って生じる、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤を含有する前記第2の溶液を前記セルロース系繊維のウェブに塗布した後に、追加の乾燥ステップをさらに含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 乾燥に先立って、前記繊維の集合体が、プレフォームされた基材である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プレフォームされた基材のロールを巻き戻した後に、前記水溶液を、前記プレフォームされたセルロース系基材に塗布することをさらに含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を、前記プレフォームされた基材に塗布することが:
前記金属塩を含有する第1の溶液を前記プレフォームされた基材に塗布すること;および
前記第1の溶液を塗布した後、前記還元剤を含有する第2の溶液を、前記プレフォームされた基材に塗布することを含む、請求項27に記載の方法。 - 前記水溶液を、前記プレフォームされた基材に塗布した後、前記プレフォームされた基材を巻き取って、基材のロールすることをさらに含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記プレフォームされた基材の紙、布地材料、または不織材料である、請求項27~31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を塗布している間、前記繊維の集合体が木材パルプのスラリーである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を塗布することが、抄紙機のヘッドボックス内の木材パルプのスラリーに前記水溶液を塗布することを含む、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を塗布することが、前記金属塩を塗布した後に前記還元剤を塗布することを含む、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を前記繊維の集合体に塗布することが、前記水溶液を前記繊維の集合体上に噴霧することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶液を前記繊維の集合体上に噴霧することが:
前記金属塩を含有する第1の溶液を前記繊維の集合体上に噴霧すること;および
前記第1の溶液を噴霧した後に、前記還元剤を含有する第2の溶液を前記繊維の集合体上に噴霧することを含む、請求項36に記載の方法。 - 乾燥が、前記還元剤を含有する前記第2の溶液を前記繊維の集合体に噴霧するのに先立って生じる、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤を含有する前記第2の溶液を前記セルロース系繊維の集合体に噴霧した後に、追加の乾燥ステップをさらに含む、請求項37に記載の方法。
- さらに、前記塗布ユニットにおける固形分ピックアップが5%から約30%の間にある、請求項1~39のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- さらに、加工速度が毎分10メートルから最高で毎分約700メートルまでの間にある、請求項1~40のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維の集合体がセルロース系繊維の集合体であり、前記基材がセルロース系基材である、請求項1~20、28~32、および36~40のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 一つに結合されたセルロース系繊維を含む基材と;
前記基材における複数の金属ナノ粒子とを含む物品であって、前記金属ナノ粒子が、少なくとも一次元において1から約200ナノメートルまでの範囲にあるサイズを有する物品。 - 前記金属ナノ粒子が:銀、金、白金、パラジウム、アルミニウム、鉄、亜鉛、銅、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン、モリブデン、カドミウム、イリジウム、およびそれらの混合物の少なくとも一つを含む、請求項43に記載の物品
- 前記金属ナノ粒子が銀を含む、請求項44に記載の物品。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子が銅を含む、請求項44に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が、実質的に湿っている場合には第1の色を有し、実質的に乾燥している場合には第2の色を有し、前記第2の色が前記第1の色とは実質的に異なる、請求項43~46のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記第1の色または前記第2の色が、黄色、橙色、緑色、青色、紫色、灰色、黒色、白色、または赤色である、請求項47に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が、CIE L*a*b*色値を有し、L*値が45~75の間の範囲にあり、前記a*値が0~40の間にあり、前記b*値が20~80の間にある、請求項43~48いずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が紙、布地材料、または不織材料である、請求項43~49のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 2~30cmの長さと、2~30cmである幅とを有し、前記幅が前記長さに対して垂直である、請求項43~50のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が、湿っている場合には、前記物品の金属含量の一部の水中への溶出を含む、請求項43~51のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が抗菌性である特性を有する、請求項43~53のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記基材がセルロース系基材である、請求項43~53のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記繊維が木材パルプである、請求項54のいずれか一項に記載の物品。
- 前記物品が:
a. 水浄化装置、
b. 吸収性材料、
c. ヘルスケア製造物、または
d. 食品包装用製造物
の一部である、請求項43~55のいずれか一項に記載の物品。 - a)請求項1~42のいずれか一項にしたがって作製された基材、またはb)請求項43~56のいずれか一項に記載の物品を通る水の移動を生じさせること;および
前記基材または前記物品を用いて前記水中の細菌数を低減させることを含む、水を浄化する方法。
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