JP2021041713A - テープワインディングパイプ及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
テープワインディングパイプ及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021041713A JP2021041713A JP2020201626A JP2020201626A JP2021041713A JP 2021041713 A JP2021041713 A JP 2021041713A JP 2020201626 A JP2020201626 A JP 2020201626A JP 2020201626 A JP2020201626 A JP 2020201626A JP 2021041713 A JP2021041713 A JP 2021041713A
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/24—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes wound from strips or bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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Abstract
Description
各層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層であり、
繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の樹脂が、融点またはガラス転移温度が50〜300℃の重合体である積層体。
その積層構造が層としての対称面を有する[1]に記載の積層体。
要件(A−i):(α-1)〜(ε-1)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(A−ii):(α)〜(ε)層の配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:28°〜42°
(γ-1)層:83°〜97°
(δ-1)層:−28°〜−42°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2°
(α-1)層:0℃(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:30°〜40°
(γ-1)層:85°〜95°
(δ-1)層:−30°〜−40°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2°
下記の要件(B−i)及び(B−ii)を満たす、パイプの内面より(α-2)〜(γ-2)の3層と、パイプの外面より内面と対称の(δ-2)〜(ζ-2)の3層を層最小の構成として持ち、その間に複数の任意の角度の層を持っていてもよい積層構造を有するテープワインディングパイプ。
要件(B−i):(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(B−ii):パイプの中心軸を基準軸としたとき、(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層の基準軸に対する配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-2)層:60°〜85°
(β-2)層:−85°〜−60°
(γ-2)層:0°〜40°
(δ-2)層:−40°〜0°
(ε-2)層:60°〜85°
(ζ-2)層:−85°〜−60°
ここで(α-2)層と(β-2)層、(ε-2)層と(ζ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。
6層で構成されるパイプの場合は、(γ-2)層と(δ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。
(α-2)層:70°〜80°
(β-2)層:−80°〜−70°
(γ-2)層:10°〜20°
(δ-2)層:−20°〜−10°
(ε-2)層:70°〜80°
(ζ-2)層:−80°〜−70°
その積層構造が層としての対称面を有する積層体である。
要件(A−i):(α-1)〜(ε-1)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(A−ii):(α-1)〜(ε-1)層の配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:28°〜42°
(γ-1)層:83°〜97°
(δ-1)層:−28°〜−42°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2°
要件(B−i):(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(B−ii):パイプの中心軸を基準軸としたとき、(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層の基準軸に対する配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-2)層:60°〜85°
(β-2)層:−85°〜−60°
(γ-2)層:0°〜40°
(δ-2)層:−40°〜0°
(ε-2)層:60°〜85°
(ζ-2)層:−85°〜−60°
ここで(α-2)層と(β-2)層、(ε-2)層と(ζ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。
6層で構成されるパイプの場合は、(γ-2)層と(δ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。
酸価=(5.611×A×F)/B(mgKOH/g)
A:0.1規定水酸化カリウム−エタノール標準液使用量(ml)
F:0.1規定水酸化カリウム−エタノール標準液のファクター
B:試料採取量(g)
中和されていないカルボン酸基のモル数=酸価×1000/56(モル/g)
転化率%=(1−r)×100(%)
r:中和されていないカルボン酸基のモル数/カルボン酸基の総モル数
Mw(A)>Mw(D)>Mw(B)
○:短繊維が裁断前とほぼ同じ状態を保っている。
×:短繊維が大きくばらけたり、割れが生じている。
(α-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:28°〜42°
(γ-1)層:83°〜97°
(δ-1)層:−28°〜−42°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2°
(α-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:30°〜40°
(γ-1)層:85°〜95°
(δ-1)層:−30°〜−40°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2°
(α’-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β’-1)層:28°〜42°
(γ’-1)層:83°〜97°
(δ’-1)層:−28°〜−42°
(ε’-1)層:−2°〜2°
(α-1)/(β-1)/(γ-1)/(δ-1)/(ε-1)/(ε’-1)/(δ’-1)/(γ’-1)/(β’-1)/(α’-1)と言う構成を例示することが出来る。ここで重要なのは上記の場合(ε-1)層(および(ε’-1)層)が存在することにある。この層が無い場合、本発明の効果が得られない結果が得られている。好ましくは、対応する層の厚さも実質的に同様であることが好ましい。対応する層とは、例えば(α-1)層と(α’-1)層、(β-1)層と(β’-1)層、(γ-1)層と(γ’-1)層、(δ-1)層と(δ’-1)層、(ε-1)層と(ε’-1)層との関係を意味する。
(α-2)層:60°〜85°
(β-2)層:−85〜−60°
(γ-2)層:0°〜40°
(δ-2)層:−40°〜0°
(ε-2)層:60°〜85°
(ζ-2)層:−85°〜−60°
(α-2)層:70°〜80°
(β-2)層:−80°〜−70°
(γ-2)層:10°〜20°
(δ-2)層:−20°〜−10°
(ε-2)層:70°〜80°
(ζ-2)層:−80°〜−70°
付着量=[(W1−W2)/W2]×100(質量%)
分子量は、以下の条件でのGPC法で求めた。
液体クロマトグラフ:Polymer Laboratories社製 PL−GPC220型高温ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ(示差屈折率計装置内蔵)
カラム:東ソー株式会社製 TSKgel GMHHR−H(S)−HT×2本及び同GMHHR−H(S)×1本を直列接続した。
移動相媒体:1,2,4−トリクロロベンゼン(安定剤0.025%含有)
流速:1.0ml/分
測定温度:150℃
検量線の作成方法:標準ポリスチレンサンプルを使用した。
サンプル濃度:0.15%(w/v)
サンプル溶液量:500μl
検量線作成用標準サンプル:東ソー株式会社製単分散ポリスチレン
分子量較正方法:標準較正法(ポリスチレン換算)
第1及び第2の各プロピレン系樹脂について、有機化合物元素分析、誘導結合プラズマ(ICP)発光分析、IR(赤外吸収)スペクトル分析、1H−NMR測定及び13C−NMR測定を実施し、プロピレン系樹脂の含有元素量、官能基構造の同定、各帰属プロトン、カーボンのピーク強度より単量体構造の含有割合について評価を実施した。
第1及び第2の各プロピレン系樹脂に対して、以下の操作を行うことでカルボン酸塩含有量及び中和されていないカルボン酸含有量を測定した。
酸価=(5.611×A×F)/B (mgKOH/g)
A:0.1規定水酸化カリウム−エタノール標準液使用量(ml)
F:0.1規定水酸化カリウム−エタノール標準液のファクター(1.02)
B:試料採取量(0.50g)
中和されていないカルボン酸基のモル数=酸価×1000/56(モル/g)
転化率%=(1−r)×100(%)
r:中和されていないカルボン酸基のモル数/カルボン酸基の総モル数
特許5584977号の実施例に記載の方法と同様にして決定した。
擦過毛羽数が0〜5個/mを合格とし、それを超えると不合格とした。
本発明における重合体の融点(Tm)は、セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社製DSC220C装置で示差走査熱量計(DSC)により測定した。試料7〜12mgをアルミニウムパン中に密封し、室温から10℃/分で200℃まで加熱した。その試料を、全ての結晶を完全融解させるために200℃で5分間保持し、次いで10℃/分で−50℃まで冷却した。−50℃で5分間置いた後、その試料を10℃/分で200℃まで2度目の加熱を行った。この2度目の加熱試験におけるピーク温度を融点(Tm−II)として採用した。
炭素繊維束(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、商品名パイロフィルTR50S12L、フィラメント数12000本、ストランド強度5000MPa、ストランド弾性率242GPa)をアセトン中に浸漬し、10分間超音波を作用させた後、炭素繊維束を引き上げさらに3回アセトンで洗浄し、室温で8時間乾燥することにより付着しているサイジング剤を除去して用いた。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、GPCで測定した重量平均分子量が12万、融点を持たないプロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体を100質量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン系重合体(重量平均分子量Mw=27,000、酸価:45mg−KOH/g、無水マレイン酸含有率:4質量%、融点:140℃)10質量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム3質量部を混合した。この混合物を2軸スクリュー押出機(池貝鉄工株式会社製、PCM−30,L/D=40)のホッパーより3000g/時間の速度で供給し、同押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より、20%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を90g/時間の割合で連続的に供給し、加熱温度210℃で連続的に押出した。押出した樹脂混合物を、同押出機口に設置したジャケット付きスタティックミキサーで110℃まで冷却し、さらに80℃の温水中に投入してエマルションを得た。得られたエマルションは固形分濃度:45%であった。
製造例1で製造したエマルションを、ローラー含浸法を用いて、前記の三菱レイヨン株式会社製強化繊維に付着させた。次いで、オンラインで130℃、2分乾燥して低沸点成分を除去し、強化繊維束を得た。エマルションの付着量は0.87%であった。強化繊維束の毛羽立ち性は合格であった。
(繊維強化樹脂シートの製造)
強化繊維(C)57部と、プロピレン系樹脂(D)として、市販の未変性プロピレン樹脂(株式会社プライムポリマー製、商品名プライムポリプロJ106MG、融点160℃)及び無水マレイン酸を0.5質量%グラフトした変性ポリプロピレン(ASTM D1238に準じて190℃、荷重2.16kgで測定したメルトフローレートが9.1g/10分、融点155℃)43部とを含む樹脂組成物を調製し、常法により繊維が一方向に配向した厚みが120μm〜130μmの繊維強化樹脂シート(以下、一方向性シートとも言う)を作成した。具体的には、特開2013−227695号公報に記載の装置に樹脂を溶融させる押出機を組み合わせた装置により、一方向性シートを作製した。より具体的には、特開2013−227695号公報に記載の開繊装置により強化繊維束を開繊し、加熱した強化繊維束と押出機により溶融させたプロピレン系樹脂(D)をTダイにより膜状とし、離型紙に挟み、加圧ローラーにて加熱、加圧することでプロピレン系樹脂(D)を強化繊維束に含浸させ、その後冷却、固化して一方向性シートを得た。押出機及びTダイの温度は250℃、加圧ロールの温度は275℃とした。得られた一方向性シートの一例は、厚さは130μm、繊維体積分率Vfは0.4であった。尚、前記J106MGと変性ポリプロピレンとの重量比は90/10(重量平均分子量は30万に相当)であった。(樹脂の融点は160℃)
上記一方向性シートを表1記載の角度で積層し、これをダブルベルトプレス装置(サンドビック株式会社製、金沢工業大学革新複合材料研究開発センター所有、加熱ゾーンプレス長2000mm、冷却ゾーンプレス長750mm、予備ゾーンプレス長1000mm、加圧媒体間接冷却方式)を用いて、テフロン(登録商標)シートで作成した型内に配置した。そして、加熱ゾーンの温度210℃、冷却ゾーンの冷却水温度25℃、加圧媒体圧力5MPa、ベルト速度0.5m/minで運転し、実施例A1〜A3(各10層構成)及び参考例A1(8層構成)の積層体を得た。テフロン(登録商標)シートの型は、8層の積層体では1mmの厚さ、10層の積層体では1.3mmの厚さで、一方向性シートを積層した大きさと同様の大きさをくり抜いたものを使用した。積層体の厚みは1〜1.4mmであった。得られた積層体を切り出して試験片(110mm×110mm)を作製した。
平板金型を装着したプレス装置(株式会社神藤金属工業所製、装置名NSF−37HHC)を190℃に加熱し、上記積層体を平板金型に挟んで3分間予備加熱を行った後に、油圧8MPaでプレスし2.5分間保持し、その後加圧状態のまま直ちに冷却し10分間保持し、プレスシートを得た。この際使用した平板金型は、高さが原料となる積層体の半分であり、開口部が200×180mmで積層体に比して十分な広さを有していた。
強化繊維(C)57部と、プロピレン系樹脂(D)として、市販の未変性プロピレン樹脂(株式会社プライムポリマー製、商品名プライムポリプロJ106MG、融点160℃)及び無水マレイン酸を0.5質量%グラフトした変性ポリプロピレン(ASTM D1238に準じて190℃、荷重2.16kgで測定したメルトフローレートが9.1g/10分、融点155℃)とカーボンブラックを含有するマスターバッチ(DIC株式会社製、PEONY(登録商標)BLACK BMB−16117、カーボンブラック含有量40%)43部とを含む樹脂組成物を調製し、常法により繊維が一方向に配向した平均厚み150μmの繊維強化樹脂シート(以下、一方向性シートとも言う)を作製した。尚、前記J106MGと変性ポリプロピレンとの重量比は85/15(重量平均分子量は32万に相当)であり、カーボンブラックの含有量が樹脂組成物全体の1質量%となるように調整した。(樹脂の融点は160℃、樹脂組成物全体に対する無水マレイン酸含有率:0.034質量%、繊維体積分率Vf0.4)。
実施例B1と同様の方法で作製した幅12mmのテープを、表4記載の角度にて層の総数が12層になるようにトラバース巻きでワインディング成形し、テープワインディングパイプを得た。
実施例B1と同様の方法で作製した幅12mmのテープを、表5記載の角度にて層の総数が15層になるようにワインディングを行った。15層中の7〜9層(λ-2〜π-2)はトラバース巻きをすることができないので単独の層としてワインディングし、1〜6層(α-2〜κ-2)及び10〜15層(ρ-2〜ζ-2)トラバース巻きでワインディング成形し、テープワインディングパイプを得た。
テープワインディングパイプを長さ150mmに切断し、これを試験片として用いた。試験装置としては、株式会社島津製作所製の島津オートグラフAG−5KNXを用いた。4点曲げの治具としては、圧子の先端の曲率が5mmで、下の圧子が試験片の端面から15mmの位置にあり、その2点のスパンが120mm、上の圧子が試験片の端面から45mmの位置にあり、その2点のスパンが60mmに調節した治具を用いた。この4点曲げの治具の中央に試験片(パイプ)を設置し、上下の圧子が試験片に接触した位置をゼロとして、押し込み速度1mm/分で2mm押し込んだ時の荷重を測定し、この荷重を押し込んだ変位(2mm)で除した値を4点曲げの剛性(N/mm)とした。
4点曲げ試験と同じ試験片及び試験装置を用いた。3点曲げの治具は、圧子の先端の曲率が5mmで、下の圧子が試験片の端面から15mmの位置にあり、その2点のスパンが120mm、上の圧子が試験片の端面から75mmの位置にある治具を用いた。この3点曲げの治具の中央に試験片(パイプ)を設置し、上下の圧子が試験片に接触した位置をゼロとして、押し込み速度1mm/分で2mm押し込んだ時の荷重を測定し、この荷重を押し込んだ変位(2mm)で除した値を3点曲げの剛性(N/mm)とした。
テープワインディングパイプを長さ6mmに切断し、これを試験片として用いた。試験装置としては、4点曲げ試験と同じ試験装置を用いた。この試験装置に平板の治具を取り付け、試験片(パイプ)を上下の平板間に設置した。上下の平板が試験片に接触した位置をゼロとして、押し込み速度1mm/分で2mm押し込んだ時の荷重を測定し、この荷重を押し込んだ変位(2mm)で除し、さらに試験片の長さ(6mm)で除した値を断面圧縮の剛性(N/mm)とした。
Claims (10)
- 5層以上の積層構造を有し、
各層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層であり、
繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の樹脂が、融点またはガラス転移温度が50〜300℃の重合体である積層体。 - 下記の要件(A−i)及び(A−ii)を満たす(α-1)〜(ε-1)の5層を一単位層とする複数の単位層を持つ積層構造を有し、
その積層構造が層としての対称面を有する請求項1に記載の積層体。
要件(A−i):(α-1)〜(ε-1)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(A−ii):(α-1)〜(ε-1)層の配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-1)層:0°(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:28°〜42°
(γ-1)層:83°〜97°
(δ-1)層:−28°〜−42°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2° - (α-1)〜(ε-1)層の配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす請求項2に記載の積層体。
(α-1)層:0℃(基準軸とする)
(β-1)層:30°〜40°
(γ-1)層:85°〜95°
(δ-1)層:−30°〜−40°
(ε-1)層:−2°〜2° - (β-1)層と(δ-1)層の角度の絶対値の差が、8°以下である請求項2に記載の積層体。
- 繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の繊維が、炭素繊維である請求項2に記載の積層体。
- 繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の樹脂が、プロピレン系重合体である請求項2に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1に記載の積層体を含むテープワインディングパイプであって、
下記の要件(B−i)及び(B−ii)を満たす、パイプの内面より(α-2)〜(γ-2)の3層と、パイプの外面より内面と対称の(δ-2)〜(ζ-2)の3層を層最小の構成として持ち、その間に複数の任意の角度の層を持っていてもよい積層構造を有するテープワインディングパイプ。
要件(B−i):(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層は、繊維が一方向に配向した繊維強化樹脂組成物層である。
要件(B−ii):パイプの中心軸を基準軸としたとき、(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層の基準軸に対する配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす。
(α-2)層:60°〜85°
(β-2)層:−85°〜−60°
(γ-2)層:0°〜40°
(δ-2)層:−40°〜0°
(ε-2)層:60°〜85°
(ζ-2)層:−85°〜−60°
ここで(α-2)層と(β-2)層、(ε-2)層と(ζ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。
6層で構成されるパイプの場合は、(γ-2)層と(δ-2)層は、トラバース巻きで部分的に交差していてもよい。 - パイプの中心軸を基準軸としたとき、(α-2)〜(ζ-2)層の基準軸に対する配向軸の角度が、下記の関係を満たす請求項7に記載のテープワインディングパイプ。
(α-2)層:70°〜80°
(β-2)層:−80°〜−70°
(γ-2)層:10°〜20°
(δ-2)層:−20°〜−10°
(ε-2)層:70°〜80°
(ζ-2)層:−80°〜−70° - 繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の繊維が、炭素繊維である請求項7に記載のテープワインディングパイプ。
- 繊維強化樹脂組成物層中の樹脂が、プロピレン系重合体である請求項7に記載のテープワインディングパイプ。
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CN115059809B (zh) | 2023-12-08 |
TWI770108B (zh) | 2022-07-11 |
EP3572225A1 (en) | 2019-11-27 |
TWI822086B (zh) | 2023-11-11 |
EP3572225B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
TW201841730A (zh) | 2018-12-01 |
CN110191796B (zh) | 2023-06-13 |
JPWO2018135562A1 (ja) | 2019-11-07 |
US20190381759A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 |
EP4230398A1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
EP3572225A4 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
JP7042321B2 (ja) | 2022-03-25 |
TW202241695A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
WO2018135562A1 (ja) | 2018-07-26 |
CN115059809A (zh) | 2022-09-16 |
CN110191796A (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
JP6806799B2 (ja) | 2021-01-06 |
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