JP2020535995A - コアと1つ以上のスキン領域とを含むコンポジット部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
コアと1つ以上のスキン領域とを含むコンポジット部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C2043/189—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles the parts being joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
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- B29C70/465—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheets, powders of fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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- B29K2105/128—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles in the form of a mat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2301/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
a)加熱可能なモールドキャビティを有するモールドを用意する工程と、
b)複数のアンカー部位が設けられた、1つ以上の接触領域を備えた表面を有するコア要素を前記モールドキャビティに装填し、それより前またはそれより後に、前記接触領域に隣接して前記アンカー部位を埋める粉末形態の前記スキンポリマーの層を前記モールドキャビティに装填する工程と、
c)熱プレス工程を適用し、それにより前記スキンポリマーの粉末が溶融し、溶融したスキンポリマーマトリックスを形成する工程と、
d)冷却工程を適用し、それにより前記スキンポリマーマトリックスが固化し、前記コアを形成している前記コア要素の前記アンカー部位に機械的に係合したスキン領域を形成する工程と、を備える方法が提供される。
本文脈において、「低表面エネルギー熱可塑性ポリマー」という用語は、強化繊維(例えば、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維またはアラミド繊維)、に対する接着力が非常に不十分なポリマー、特にUHMWPE、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)およびポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン(PCFTE)として理解されるべきであり、したがって、繊維強化は、繊維への十分な接着力を有し、したがって高い機械的性能を提供する異なるポリマーを用いた繊維強化コアを使用することによって提供される。高分子量のUHMWPEもしくはPTFEなどの低表面エネルギーポリマーは、非常に低い流動性を有することが知られている。したがって、本発明によれば、熱プレス工程中に溶融が生じる前に、スキンポリマー粉末を少しずつ加える(trickle)などして表面アンカー部位に投入し、表面アンカー部位を埋めることが重要である。
−適切な量のスキンポリマー粉末を下部のモールド要素の上面に広げ、それによって粉末床を形成する工程、
−コア要素を粉末床上に置く工程、
−任意選択により、コア要素を振動または揺動させて、コア要素の底部側の任意の接触ゾーンにスキンポリマー粉末を装填する工程、
−コア要素の上面にさらなる適切な量のスキンポリマー粉末を広げる工程、
−任意選択により、コア要素を振動または揺動させて、コア要素の上部側の接触ゾーンの任意のキャビティにスキンポリマー粉末を落下させる工程、
−スキンポリマーを完全に埋め込むことを目的とする、コア要素を取り囲む周辺領域にさらにスキンポリマー粉末を装填する工程、
のいずれかを含めてもよい。
モールドキャビティに適切に装填した後、特にスキンポリマー粉末がコア表面のキャビティに進入し、接触ゾーンのアンカー部位を可能な限り密接かつ完全に形成した後、熱プレス工程を適用して、これによりスキンポリマー粉末が溶融して、溶融スキンポリマーマトリックスを形成する。一般的に、このためには、適切な加工温度まで加熱する必要があり、スキン領域全体を効果的に圧縮するために実質的な圧力も必要とする。
本発明の原理は、粉末形態で入手可能な多くの低表面エネルギーポリマーに適用可能である。特に有利な実施形態(請求項2および13)によれば、スキンポリマーは超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)である。本文脈において、UHMWPEは、1.5×106〜1×107ダルトンの数平均分子量を有すると定義される。UHMWPEには、ASTM D4020−05、D6712−01、およびISO 1 1542−2により定義されたポリマーも含まれる。一般に、実質的にホモポリマーであるが、UHMWPEはまた、限られた量の他の共重合可能なコモノマーを有するコポリマーも含む。コポリマーUHMWPEの場合、前述のASTMおよびISOの要件を満たす必要がある。
別の実施形態(請求項4)によれば、スキンポリマー粉末の層はパッチ状に適用される。これには、コアの片側に対し1つのパッチ領域のみ、例えば長方形または正方形のパッチを適用することだけでなく、複数のパッチ領域を適用することも含まれる。このような実施形態の場合、適切に配置された接触領域だけでコア要素を構成することが可能である。あるいは、コア要素の面全体または表面全体を接触領域として構成してもよく、その場合、パッチ状のスキン構成を、スキンポリマーを適切に局所化して適用することによって決定する。
繊維強化熱可塑性プラスチックの分野においても知られているように、強化繊維は、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維およびバサルト繊維を含むがこれらに限定されない多種多様なものから選択することができる。あるいは、強化繊維を、高融点熱可塑性プラスチック、すなわち、熱プレス工程の加工温度で溶融しない材料から作製してもよい。有利な実施形態(請求項8)によれば、強化繊維はガラス繊維である。
図2の例では、上部スキン層12のみが適用されている。さらに、コア要素6は、PP繊維8およびガラス繊維10に加えて、2つの内部強化層24aおよび24bを含有する。これらの強化層は、例えば、強化ファブリックまたは多軸もしくは一方向強化層から形成することができる。このような強化層は、繊維強化熱可塑性プラスチックの分野において周知である。あるいは、強化のために板状の固体要素を使用することもできる。
Claims (15)
- コア(16)と、前記コアに接合したスキンポリマーから形成された1つ以上のスキン領域(20、22)とを含むコンポジット部品を製造する方法であって、前記スキンポリマーは低摩擦熱可塑性ポリマーであり、
a)加熱可能なモールドキャビティ(4、14)を有するモールドを用意する工程と、
b)複数のアンカー部位(10、28、30、34、36)が設けられた1つ以上の接触領域を備えた表面を有するコア要素(6)を前記モールドキャビティに装填し、それより前またはそれより後に、前記接触領域に隣接して前記アンカー部位を埋める粉末形態の前記スキンポリマーの層(2、12)を前記モールドキャビティに装填する工程と、
c)熱プレス工程を適用し、それにより前記スキンポリマーの粉末が溶融し、溶融したスキンポリマーマトリックス(20、22、32)を形成する工程と、
d)冷却工程を適用し、それにより前記スキンポリマーマトリックスが固化し、前記コアを形成している前記コア要素の前記アンカー部位に機械的に係合したスキン領域を形成する工程と、を備える方法。 - 前記スキンポリマーが超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- スキンポリマーの粉末の前記層が、前記コア要素の上および下に適用される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- スキンポリマーの粉末の前記層がパッチ状に適用される、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記コア要素が、強化繊維(10)を備える熱可塑性フリース(8)から形成され、前記熱可塑性フリースが、コア熱可塑性ポリマーからなり、前記熱可塑性フリースの多孔性表面構造および/または前記強化繊維の表面部分が、前記アンカー部位として作用し、前記熱プレス工程により、前記コア熱可塑性ポリマーが溶融し、それによって前記コア要素が前記コアに対し形成される、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記コア熱可塑性ポリマーがポリプロピレンである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記スキンポリマーがUHMWPEであり、前記熱プレス工程を、190〜230℃の温度で20〜60バールの圧力により実施する、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記強化繊維(10)がガラス繊維である、請求項5乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記コア要素(6)が、1つ以上の強化層(24a、24b)をさらに備える、請求項5乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記強化層が、ファブリック、多軸ステッチ、または一方向強化から選択される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記コア要素(6)が中実または中空の本体(36)として形成され、前記アンカー部位が、凹部(30)、リム、またはアンダーカット(34)など、表面不連続部として構成される、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- コア(16)と、前記コアに接合したスキンポリマーから形成された1つ以上のスキン領域(20、22、32)とを含むコンポジット部品であって、前記スキンポリマーは低摩擦熱可塑性ポリマーであり、前記コア要素は、複数のアンカー部位(10、28、30、34、36)が設けられた1つ以上の接触領域を備えた表面を有し、前記スキン領域は、前記コア要素の前記アンカー部位に機械的に係合しており、前記スキン領域は、0.5〜10mmの厚さを有する、コンポジット部品。
- 前記スキンポリマーがUHMWPEである、請求項11に記載のコンポジット部品。
- 前記コアは、前記コアの熱可塑性プラスチックの固体マトリックス(18)と、強化繊維(10)とを含み、前記固体マトリックス(18)と前記強化繊維(10)とは、前記スキンポリマー(22)によって埋められたアンカー部位をともに形成する、請求項12または13に記載のコンポジット部品。
- 前記コアの熱可塑性プラスチックがポリプロピレンである、請求項14に記載のコンポジット部品。
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PCT/EP2018/077371 WO2019068939A1 (en) | 2017-10-06 | 2018-10-08 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE PART COMPRISING A CORE AND AT LEAST ONE SKIN REGION |
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