JP2020518665A - 酸素運搬体としてのククルビツリル誘導体 - Google Patents
酸素運搬体としてのククルビツリル誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020518665A JP2020518665A JP2020510153A JP2020510153A JP2020518665A JP 2020518665 A JP2020518665 A JP 2020518665A JP 2020510153 A JP2020510153 A JP 2020510153A JP 2020510153 A JP2020510153 A JP 2020510153A JP 2020518665 A JP2020518665 A JP 2020518665A
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Abstract
Description
したがって、安全な血液代替物の開発によれば、これらの問題に取り組むことができる。
出願人は最近、ククルビツリルの特定のサブクラスが、酸素に対して著しく強い親和性を示すことを発見した。
・nは5または6に等しく、
・X1及びX2は、互いに独立して、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基を表し、ここで、
・R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない]
の化合物あるいはその塩、溶媒和物、または立体異性体に関し、ここで、前記気体は、O2、N2、NO、NO2、H2、He、及び/またはCO2、有利にはO2である。
(1)無機酸、例えば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸などと、または有機酸、例えば、酢酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、フマル酸、グルコヘプトン酸、グルコン酸、グルタミン酸、グリコール酸、ヒドロキシナフトエ酸、2-ヒドロキシエタンスルホン酸、乳酸、マレイン酸、リンゴ酸、マンデル酸、メタンスルホン酸、ムコン酸、2-ナフタレンスルホン酸、プロピオン酸、コハク酸、ジベンゾイル- L-酒石酸、酒石酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸、トリメチル酢酸、及びトリフルオロ酢酸などと形成される酸付加塩、または、
(2)化合物中に存在する酸性プロトンが、金属イオン、例えば、アルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、またはアルミニウムイオンで置き換えられるか;または有機もしくは無機塩基に配位した場合に形成される塩。許容される有機塩基には、ジエタノールアミン、エタノールアミン、N-メチルグルカミン、トリエタノールアミン、トロメタミンなどが含まれる。許容される無機塩基には、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウムなどが含まれる。
tert-ブチル、n-ペンチル、n-ヘキシルなどを含む、1から6個の炭素原子を含む飽和、直鎖もしくは分岐の炭化水素鎖を意味する。
・X1及びX2は、互いに独立して、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基を表し、ここで、
・R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、n個のGU単位の中で少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない。
・X1は、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基を表し、ここで、R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない。
・X1は、酸素原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、またはOR3、SR4、NR5R6基、有利には水素原子またはOR3基を表し、ここでR3からR6は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基、特に、水素原子、メチル、エチル、またはn-プロピル基、有利には水素原子を表す。
・X1は、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基を表し、ここで、R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1が水素原子を表すことはない。
・X1は、酸素原子を表し、
・R1は、水素原子、またはOR3、SR4、NR5R6基、有利には水素原子またはOR3基を表し、ここでR3からR6は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基、特に、水素原子、メチル、エチル、またはn-プロピル基、有利には水素原子を表す。
からなる環状オリゴマーであり、ここでnは5または6、好ましくは5に等しく、GUsym単位は次の式(GUsym)に相当する。
・X1は、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、有利には酸素原子を表し、
・R1は、OR3、SR4、NR5R6基を表し、有利にはOR3を表し、ここで、R3からR6は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、特に、水素原子、メチル、エチル、またはn-プロピル基、有利には水素原子を表す。
本発明の文脈において、「ヘモグロビン代替物」なる語は、赤血球中に存在するヘモグロビンを置換することができ、特に酸素及び二酸化炭素に関してその気体運搬体としての機能を果たすことのできる化合物を意味する。この代替物はまた、組織に酸素を供給し、ここでCO2に充填され、これを交換表面、すなわち肺で放出することになる。
本発明の文脈において、「虚血」なる語は、特に酸素不足をもたらす、組織への血液供給の不足を意味する。
これは、特に腎虚血、心虚血(別名心筋梗塞または急性心筋梗塞、一般に心臓発作と呼称)、虚血性大腸炎、腸間膜虚血、急性または慢性脳虚血、急性四肢虚血、または皮膚虚血でありうる。
さらに別の実施態様では、上記で定義される化合物は、N2運搬体として、ダイビング事故後の患者の血液から前記気体を除去することを企図して使用するためのものである。
さらに別の実施態様では、上記で定義される化合物は、抗老化、皮膚保護、または皮膚再生における使用のためのものである。
特定の実施態様では、前記気体はO2である。
別の特定の実施態様では、前記化合物はCB[5]OH10である。
本発明は、上記で定義される複合体の有効用量をこれを必要とする人に投与することを含む、虚血を治療する方法にも関する。
本発明はまた、動脈血圧の調節に使用するための本発明の複合体に関する。
本発明はまた、老化防止、皮膚保護、または皮膚再生に使用するための本発明の複合体に関する。
「生理学的に許容される媒体」なる語は、一般に安全で、非毒性であり、生物学的にも他の点でも望ましからぬ要素がなく、獣医学及びヒトの治療用途に許容される媒体を意味する。
これはさらに、塩、例えば、NaCl、CaCl2、MgCl2、MgSO4、KCl、グルコン酸ナトリウム、及び/または酢酸ナトリウムを含んでよい。
活性成分は、標準的な医薬賦形剤と混合された単位剤形で、動物または人間に投与することができる。
適切な経口単位剤形には、錠剤、カプセル剤、散剤、顆粒剤、及び経口液剤または懸濁剤が含まれる。
シロップまたはエリキシル形態の調剤は、有効成分を、甘味料、防腐剤、並びに風味増強剤、及び適切な染料と共に含んでよい。
注射による投与のためには、薬理学的に適合する分散剤及び/または湿潤剤を含む水性懸濁液、等張食塩水、または注射用滅菌溶液を使用する。
活性成分は、マイクロカプセルの形態で、任意に1つ以上の追加の賦形剤とともに処方することもできる。
本発明は、上記で定義される組成物の有効量をこれを必要とする人に投与することを含む、虚血を治療するための方法にも関する。
本発明はまた、老化防止、皮膚保護、または皮膚再生のための上記に定義される組成物に関する。
・nは5または6に等しく、
・X1及びX2は、互いに独立して、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基を表し、ここで、
・R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない]
の化合物あるいはその塩、溶媒和物、または立体異性体の、気体の固定、運搬、及び/または放出のための非治療的使用に関し、ここで、前記気体は、O2、N2、NO、NO2、H2、He、及び/またはCO2、有利にはO2である。
別の特定の実施態様では、前記化合物はCB[n](R1R2)n化合物であり、ここでn、R1、及びR2は上記で定義された通りである。
さらに別の特定の実施態様では、CB[n](R1)2n化合物であり、ここでn及びR1は上記で定義された通りである。
好ましい実施態様では、nは5に等しい。
但し、n個のGU単位の中で少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない。
最も好ましくは、前記化合物はCB[5]OH10、またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物である。
好ましい実施態様では、本発明による使用は、O2の固定、運搬、及び/または放出のためのCB[5]OH10の使用である。
本発明の文脈において、「インビトロ」とは、生物学的材料が由来する生物の外を意味する。
本発明はまた、上記で定義される化合物または複合体を含む媒体中に前記生物材料を配置することによる、生物学的材料及び微生物の保存及び/または保護の方法に関する。
生物材料は、特に細胞、組織、体液、または器官であってよい。
使用することができる。
こうした使用または方法においては、前記化合物または複合体は皮膚に局所的に適用することができる。
乳白剤、例えば、酸化チタンは、透明もしくは透過性の組成物においてこれを不透明にするために使用される。したがって、本発明は、乳白剤の使用の有無に応じて透明または不透明であってよい。
本発明はまた、上記で定義される化合物の、化学反応を触媒するための使用に関する。
好ましい実施態様では、前記培地は水槽である。
本発明はまた、上記で定義される化合物の、農業用、特に植物種の成長を企図する培地におけるO2の放出のための使用に関する。
I-1. 検討した化合物
CB[5]、CB[5]Me10、及びCB[5]OH10の、O2固定能を検討した。
前記化合物は、下式(IV)のものであり、式中、R1はそれぞれH、CH3、及びOHに相当する。
・CB[5]OH10を、文献(J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 10186)に記載の方法に従い、処理操作を行う際に若干の変更を加えて合成した:溶媒の量を減圧下で半減させ、アセトンで沈殿させた。ろ液を濃縮し、12時間に亘ってAmberlyst A21樹脂(Flucka 20-50メッシュ)と共に攪拌した後、焼結フィルター(多孔率P4)でろ過し、減圧下で濃縮してCB[5]OH10とする。
・CB[5]Me10を、文献(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1992, 31, 1475)に記載の方法に従って合成した。
・CB[5]はSigma Aldrichから購入した。
・試料の準備:
― CB[5]OH10:D20(及び言及のある場合はNaCl)中の0.319mM溶液;
― CB[5]:D20(及び言及のある場合はNaCl)中の0.501mM溶液;及び
― CB[5]Me10:D20(及び言及のある場合はNaCl)中の0.472mM溶液。
およそ1barの圧力までのO2を含む試料は、シリンジを使用して大気圧よりわずかに高い圧力で純粋O2を添加した後に、溶液の平衡化と周囲空気への迅速な放出によって調製される。
5barの圧力までのO2を含む試料に関して実験が行われたが、O2は、液体窒素浴を使用して予め脱気したチューブで既知量のO2を凝縮することによって添加した。
縦軸緩和時間T1は、標準の反転回復法(180°-t-90°acq.)で測定され、その後、スペクトルの位相調整及びTopspin(登録商標)のベースライン補正が行われる。その後、データをエクセルにエクスポートする。シグナルは統合され、強度は3つのパラメーターモデルに基づいて反転遅延に従って調整される。
錯体形成定数Kの調整は、以下の1:1錯体形成モデルを調整することにより得られ:
R1空は、酸素の非存在下とみなされる核のR1に相当し、かなり優れた精度(10%)で得られる。
R1複合体は、試験化合物とその内部空洞(またはケージ)に封入されたO2との複合体が形成される場合の核のR1に相当し、調整可能なパラメーターである。これは、結果に鑑みて、前記ケージをほぼ完全に飽和させるには、実験圧よりもはるかに高い圧力(最大5bar)が必要となるため、正確には不明である。
sは、37℃での9g/lのNaCl溶液への酸素の溶解度であり、表形式のデータの内挿によって得られる。実際、溶液中のO2の濃度は、溶液上部のO2圧力であるPO2に比例し:ヘンリーの法則は実験圧範囲で非常によく検証されている。
II-1. CB[5]OH10
属性:
図1a及び1bに表示される、20℃で得られた1H NMRスペクトルを検討すると、属性はピーク山(massifs)によって明らかである。実際、10個のメチレンは同等である。
Hax(式(IV)を参照)は、およそ5.40ppmで共鳴し、Heqはおよそ4.58ppmで共鳴する。
・一方(白丸)は、O2の存在もしくは非存在に依存し、その常磁性は近傍のNMRシグナルに大きな影響を与え、T1の線幅と値は大幅に変化し、
・他方(黒丸)については、NMR特性はO2の添加によっても不変である。従って、黒丸に相当するケージ分子が、親和性の高い分子を含み、これがN2または溶媒であるとの仮説が成り立つ。前記分子のカプセル封入は、より高い酸素分圧下で作業することにより、酸素/ヘリウム混合物を使用することにより、または精製により前記分子を除去することにより、回避し得る。
したがって、CB5OH10は、生理学的濃度のNaClが存在する場合でさえも、37℃でO2を有意にカプセル封入する。
−対象のHaxシグナルに関して:
脱気した試料を使用して測定したT1空は、2.1s-1に等しい。
T1、しかるにR1は、さまざまな酸素圧で測定された。
得られた結果を図3に示す。
調整により、K=3000M-1とする。標準偏差の2乗の合計は、K=1170及び6380 M-1について2倍になり、測定誤差の推定値が得られる。
結論:NaClは錯形成についてO2と競合しない。
Hax及びHeqに相当する2つの二重線(それぞれ約5.69ppmと4.35ppm)に加えて、図4a及び4bに表示されるCB[5]のスペクトルは、R1=Hに相当する5.5ppmの一重線を示す。
スペクトルSP1とSP2が同一であるという事実により、O2がCB[5]には有意にカプセル封入されないことが証明される。
1.8ppmで共鳴するCB[5]Me10のメチル基の特徴的なシグナルは、図5a及び5bに表示されるスペクトルには表されていない。
スペクトルSP1、SP2、及びSP3の比較により、O2が、NaClの非存在下ではCB[5]Me10によってカプセル封入されるが、NaClの存在下ではカプセル封入がそれほど顕著でないことを示す。したがって、血液中に存在する主なイオンは、CB[5]Me10中でのカプセル封入に関してはO2の競合相手としてあまりに強力である。
したがって、上記の結果は、CB[5]OH10が、特にCBまたはCB[5]Me10と比較して、酸素に対して著しく強い親和性を呈することを示す。
Claims (15)
- 生理学的気体運搬体としての使用のための、以下の一般式(I):
・nは5または6に等しく、
・X1及びX2は、互いに独立して、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基、好ましくは、水素原子、またはOR3、SR4、NR5R6基を表し、ここで、
・R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない]
の化合物あるいはその塩、溶媒和物、または立体異性体であって、前記気体が、O2、N2、NO、NO2、H2、He、及び/またはCO2、有利にはO2である、化合物あるいはその塩、溶媒和物、または立体異性体。 - nが5に等しい、請求項1に記載の使用のための化合物。
- X1=X2であり、X1及びX2は酸素原子を表す、請求項1または2に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 各R1及び各R2が、同一である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 前記化合物が、1つまたはいくつかの親水性ポリマー側鎖、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)またはヒドロキシエチルデンプン(HES)に共有結合している、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 前記化合物が、ヘモグロビン代替物として使用される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 虚血の治療のための、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 動脈血圧の調節のための、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 抗老化、皮膚保護、または皮膚再生のための、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の使用のための化合物。
- 一般式(I):
・nは5または6に等しく、
・X1及びX2は、互いに独立して、酸素または硫黄原子を表し、
・R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素またはハロゲン原子、OR3、SR4、NR5R6、S(O)R7、SO2R8、OCOR9、CO2R10、CONR11R12、CO2R13、OP(O)(OR14)2、NO2、またはCN基、好ましくは、水素原子、またはOR3、SR4、NR5R6基を表し、ここで、
・R3からR14は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素原子または(C1-C6)アルキル基を表し、
但し、少なくとも2つのR1、2つのR2、または1つのR1と1つのR2が水素原子を表すことはない]
の化合物、あるいはその塩、溶媒和物、または立体異性体の、気体の固定、運搬、及び/または放出のための非治療的使用であって、前記気体が、O2、N2、NO、NO2、H2、He、及び/またはCO2、有利にはO2である、使用。 - 前記化合物が、請求項2から6のいずれか一項に規定のものである、請求項10に規定の非治療的使用。
- 生物学的材料、例えば、生体外での細胞、組織、体液、及び器官、並びに微生物の保存及び/または保護及び/または再生のための、請求項10または11に規定の非治療的使用。
- 内部空洞にカプセル封入された気体を含み、前記気体がO2、N2、NO、NO2、H2、He、及び/またはCO2、有利にはO2であり、前記化合物が、好ましくはCB[5]OH10である、請求項2から6のいずれか一項に規定の化合物の複合体。
- 請求項2から6のいずれか1項に規定の少なくとも1つの化合物及び/または請求項14に記載の錯体、及び少なくとも1つの化粧品として許容される賦形剤を含む化粧品組成物。
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KR20090098242A (ko) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 쿠커비투릴 화합물의 결정성 다형체, 이의 제조 방법 및쿠커비투릴 화합물의 결정성 다형체를 이용한 기체의 저장,분리 및 제거 방법. |
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AUPQ023299A0 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-06-03 | Unisearch Limited | Cucurbiturils and method for synthesis |
US6869466B2 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2005-03-22 | Unisearch Limited | Cucurbiturils and method for binding gases and volatiles using cucurbiturils |
JP2003212877A (ja) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-30 | Sangaku Renkei Kiko Kyushu:Kk | ククルビット誘導体の製造方法、ククルビット誘導体を用いたガス除去材及びガスの除去方法 |
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AU2014233018A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-10-01 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Liquids rich in noble gas and methods of their preparation and use |
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US20210187121A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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