JP2019133914A - ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩電解質及びイオン液体システムを有する水系電解質、並びにこの電解質システムを用いた電池 - Google Patents
ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩電解質及びイオン液体システムを有する水系電解質、並びにこの電解質システムを用いた電池 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical class FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- -1 bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011573 LiFe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017267 Mo 6 S 8 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014089 LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXELHGDYRQLRQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 PXELHGDYRQLRQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YQFWGCSKGJMGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 YQFWGCSKGJMGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nervonyl carnitine Chemical compound CCC[N+](C)(C)C GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011829 room temperature ionic liquid solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKFPGUWSSPXXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(methyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](C)(CCCC)CCCC XKFPGUWSSPXXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O Piperidinium(1+) Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]CC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- UVCPHBWNKAXVPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 UVCPHBWNKAXVPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BXHHZLMBMOBPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-(2-methoxyethyl)-methylazanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC BXHHZLMBMOBPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COCCN ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000150258 Prospect Hill orthohantavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000218 poly(hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
- C07F9/5407—Acyclic saturated phosphonium compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/26—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
- H01M4/5815—Sulfides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
LiFSI及び前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計モル数に対する前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩のモル比が、1/2未満である。
及びプロトン性カチオンと式(I)のフルオロアルキルスルホニル基を含むアニオンとの塩であるイオン液体;を含む水系電解質によって、リチウムイオン電解質システムを大幅に安定化することができ、かつ電気化学的窓を広げることができることを発見した。
ただし、LiFSIと異なる1つ以上の塩が含まれる場合、この1つ以上の異なる塩の総モル含有量として、LiFSI及びリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計モル数に対するリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩のモル比が、1/2未満であってよい。また、LiFSIと異なる1つ以上の塩が含まれる場合、LiFSI及びリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計濃度は、2M〜20M、好ましくは3M〜15M、及び最も好ましくは4M〜12Mである。
ただし、LiFSIと異なる1つ以上の塩が含まれる場合、この1つ以上の異なる塩の総モル含有量として、LiFSI及びリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計モル数に対するリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩のモル比が、1/2未満であってよい。また、LiFSIと異なる1つ以上の塩が含まれる場合、LiFSI及びリチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計濃度は、2M〜20M、好ましくは3M〜15M、及び最も好ましくは4M〜12Mである。
LiTFSI−リチウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド
DEME−FSI−ジエチルメチル(2−メトキシエチル)アンモニウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド
DEME−TFSI−ジエチルメチル(2−メトキシエチル)アンモニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド
P13−FSI−N−メチル−N−プロピルピロリジニウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド
P13−TFSI−N−メチル−N−プロピルピロリジニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド
Claims (18)
- 水;
リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド(LiFSI);並びに
有機カチオン及びビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドアニオン(FSI)を含むイオン液体;
を含み、
前記イオン液体が20℃で液体である、
リチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。 - 前記イオン液体の前記有機カチオンは、アルキル−アンモニウムカチオン、アルキルピペリジニウムカチオン、アルキルピロリジニウムカチオン、アルキルイミダゾリウムカチオン及びアルキルホスホニウムカチオンからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。
- 前記カチオンは、下記式(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)及び(V)並びにこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質:
- 前記リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド(LiFSI)、水、及び前記イオン液体のモル比が、1モルの前記LiFSIに対して、0.1〜20モルの前記イオン液体及び0.1〜10モルの水であるものである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。
- 前記LiFSIの濃度が2M〜20Mである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。
- 式(I)のフルオロアルキルスルホニル基を含むアニオンのリチウム塩を更に含み:
LiFSI及び前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計モル数に対する前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩のモル比が、1/2未満である、
請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。 - 前記LiFSI及び前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計濃度が、2M〜20Mである、請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池のための水系電解質。
- リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能なアノード;
リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能なカソード;並びに
前記アノード及びカソードに接触している水系電解質;
を含み、
前記水系電解質が、
水;
リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド(LiFSI);及び
有機カチオン及びビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドアニオン(FSI)を含むイオン液体;
を含み、
前記イオン液体が20℃で液体である、
リチウム二次電池。 - 前記イオン液体の前記有機カチオンは、アルキル−アンモニウムカチオン、アルキルピペリジニウムカチオン、アルキルピロリジニウムカチオン、アルキルイミダゾリウムカチオン及びアルキルホスホニウムカチオンからなる群より選択される、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記カチオンは、下記式(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)及び(V)並びにこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項9に記載のリチウム二次電池:
- 前記リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド(LiFSI)、水、及び前記イオン液体のモル比が、1モルの前記LiFSIに対して、0.1〜20モルの前記イオン液体及び0.1〜10モルの水であるものである、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記LiFSIの濃度が2M〜20Mである、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 式(I)のフルオロアルキルスルホニル基を含むアニオンのリチウム塩を更に含み:
LiFSI及び前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計モル数に対する前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩のモル比が、1/2未満である、
請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。 - 前記LiFSI及び前記リチウムフルオロアルキルスルホニル基アニオン塩の合計濃度が、2M〜20Mである、請求項13に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な前記カソードは、LiMn2O4、LiCoO2、LiFe2(PO4)、LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2、LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4及びLiCoPO4からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を含む、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な前記アノードは、水に対して安定であり、かつ0.5VvsLi/Li+よりも大きい酸化還元電位を有する、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な前記アノードは、Li4Ti5O12、硫黄単体、Mo6S8、Cu2V2O7、TiS4、NbS5及びLiテレフタレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を含む、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 請求項8のリチウム二次電池を含む、乗り物。
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