JP2018100774A - 変速装置 - Google Patents
変速装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018100774A JP2018100774A JP2018001553A JP2018001553A JP2018100774A JP 2018100774 A JP2018100774 A JP 2018100774A JP 2018001553 A JP2018001553 A JP 2018001553A JP 2018001553 A JP2018001553 A JP 2018001553A JP 2018100774 A JP2018100774 A JP 2018100774A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H13/00—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members
- F16H13/06—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
- F16H13/08—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion with balls or with rollers acting in a similar manner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
- F16C19/28—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with two or more rows of rollers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/50—Other types of ball or roller bearings
- F16C19/505—Other types of ball or roller bearings with the diameter of the rolling elements of one row differing from the diameter of those of another row
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
- F16C19/55—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction with intermediate floating or independently-driven rings rotating at reduced speed or with other differential ball or roller bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
- F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
- F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
- F16C33/363—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces with grooves in the bearing-surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
- F16C33/52—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers
- F16C33/523—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers with pins extending into holes or bores on the axis of the rollers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
- F16C33/52—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers
- F16C33/523—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers with pins extending into holes or bores on the axis of the rollers
- F16C33/526—Cages for rollers or needles with no part entering between, or touching, the bearing surfaces of the rollers with pins extending into holes or bores on the axis of the rollers extending through the rollers and joining two lateral cage parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
- F16C33/585—Details of specific parts of races of raceways, e.g. ribs to guide the rollers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年5月25日に出願された米国特許仮出願61/652,148号について米国特許法119条(e)に基づく利益を主張する。
A.各内ローラーは、軸線方向に整列した2つ以上のローラー部分で形成されている。
B.各外ローラーは、軸線方向に整列した2つ以上のローラー部分で形成されている。
本発明の変速装置の好ましい実施形態は、本開示に記載される多数の所望の利益だけでなく他の利益も同様に提供することが可能であると考えられている。多要素自己増力式変速装置は、多くのその好ましい実施形態では、多数のユニークな特徴及び利点を含むトルク応答式トラクション駆動変速装置である。
・ゼロバックラッシュ
・サイズ及び重量に対する高トルク
・サイズ及び重量に対する高剛性
・高い精度
・高い変速比
・低いトルク入力
・必要に応じて自己ロック性
・必要に応じて逆転駆動可能性
・必要に応じて一体化された非常時噛合いクラッチ
・ロープロファイル
・軽量化
・一体型の空気、電動又は他のタイプのモータ
・大きな中心貫通孔
・入力エンコーダ及び出力エンコーダの統合の容易性
・高効率
ここで:
b=楕円形の接触プロファイルの半値幅
Pmax=材料が経験する最大応力
F=負荷荷重
l=接触長さ
E1,E2=それぞれの材料のヤング率
ν1,ν2=それぞれの材料のポアソン比
d1,d2=各円筒の直径、dは、円筒が、接触領域に対して凸面ではなく、凹面を規定する場合に、負であるとする。
<!−Tmaxの補間−>
if(mu>=0.0&&mu<0.15){Tmax=0.387−(041-0.387)*(mu/0.15)};
if(mu>=0.15&&mu<0.3){Tmax=0.41+{0.51-0.41)*(mu-0.15)/0.15};
if(mu>=0.3&&mu<0.4){Tmax=0.51+(0.579-0.51)*(mu-0.3)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.4&&mu<0.5){Tmax=0.579+{0.686-0.579)*(mu-0.4)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.5&&mu<0.6){Tmax=0.686+{0.811-0.686)*(mu-0.5)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.6&&mu<0.7){Tmax=0.811+{0.937-0.811)*(mu-0.6)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.7&&mu<0.8){Tmax=0.937+{1.064-0.937)*(mu-0.7)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.8&&mu<0.9){Tmax=1.064+(1.19-1.064)*{mu-0.8)/0.1};
if(mu>=0.9&&mu<=1.0){Tmax=1.19−(1.317-1.19)*(mu-0.9)/0.1};
if(mu>1){Tmax=「未規定」};
dpc=(Tmax/0.387);
dFl=l/(dpc*dpc)
<!−Tmaxの補間−>
T=Fd (3)
ここで、T=トルクであり;F=最大負荷であり;d=接点とアクチュエータの中心との間の垂直距離である。
図55は、第1の構成の一例を示す図である。式(4)〜式(6)は、第1の構成の入力リングの回転方向に対する変速比及び出力回転速度を決定するための基準を提供する。入力ローラーは、出力ローラーと同じ速度で回転する。
e1=−(r1/rf)×(ri/r2) (5)
e2=rf/ro (6)
ここで:
ωo=出力角速度
ωi=入力角速度
rf=固定レースの直径
ri=入力リングの直径
ro=出力レースの直径
r2=入力ローラーの直径
r1=出力ローラーの直径
r3=遊動輪ローラーの直径である。
ωo/ωi=−e1(e2−1)/(e1−1) (4)
e1=(ri/r1×r2/rf) (7)
e2=rf/ro (8)
ここで:
ωo=出力角速度
ωi=入力角速度
rf=固定レースの直径
ri=入力リングの直径
ro=出力レースの直径
r2=入力ローラーの直径
r1=出力ローラーの直径
r3=遊動輪ローラーの直径である。
e1=−r1/rf (9)
e2=rf/ro (10)
ここで:
ωo=出力角速度
ωi=入力角速度
rf=固定レースの直径
ri=入力リングの直径
ro=出力レースの直径
r2=入力ローラーの直径
r1=出力ローラーの直径
r3=遊動輪ローラーの直径である。
ωo/ωi=−e1(e2−1)/(e1−1) (4)
e1=−(ri/r3×r4/rf) (11)
e2=(rf/r4×r5/r2×r1/ro (12)
ここで:
ωo=出力角速度
ωi=入力角速度
rf=固定レースの直径
ri=入力リングの直径
ro=出力レースの直径
r2=入力ローラーの直径
r1=出力ローラーの直径
r3=遊動輪ローラーの直径である。
ωo/ωi=−e1(e2−1)/(e1−1) (4)
e1=−(ri×r2×r4/r1×r3×rf) (13)
e2=(rf/r4×r3/ro) (14)
ここで:
ωo=出力角速度
ωi=入力角速度
rf=固定レースの直径
ri=入力リングの直径
ro=出力レースの直径
r2=入力ローラーの直径
r1=出力ローラーの直径
r3=遊動輪ローラーの直径である。
Claims (15)
- 変速装置であって、当該変速装置は:
外面を有する内レースと;
内面を有する外レースと;
前記内レースの外面と転がり接触する内ローラーと、前記外レースの内面と転がり接触する外ローラーとを含む軌道ローラーのセットと;を有しており、
全ての内ローラーは、2つの外ローラーと転がり接触しており、
全ての外ローラーは、2つの内ローラーと転がり接触しており、
前記内レース及び前記外レースのそれぞれは、ある軸線に中心が置かれており、第1外ローラーに接触する第1内ローラーの各対について、トラクション角度φは、第1内ローラーの中心を通って前記軸線から外向きに延びる第1のラインと、第1外ローラーと前記外レースとの接点及び第1内ローラーと前記内レースとの接点から延びる第2のラインとの間の角度として規定されており、第1内ローラーは、第1の摩擦係数CF1を有する前記内レースに接触しており、第1外ローラーは、第2の摩擦係数CF2を有する前記外レースに接触しており、CF1>tan(φ)及びCF2>tan(φ)である、
変速装置。 - 前記トラクション角度は、45°、40°、39°、38°、37°、36°、35°、34°、33°、32°、31°、30°、29°、28°、27°、26°、25°、24°、23°、22°、21°、20°、19°、18°、17°、16°又は15°以下である、
請求項1に記載の変速装置。 - 前記軌道ローラーの1つ又は複数が、中空である、
請求項1又は2に記載の変速装置。 - 各内ローラーは、軸線方向に整列した複数のローラー部分から形成されている、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の変速装置。 - 各外ローラーは、前記外ローラーが接触するような各内ローラーのそれぞれのローラー部分と接触する、
請求項4に記載の変速装置。 - 前記外ローラーは、前記内ローラーよりも長く、前記外ローラーは、前記内レース及び前記外レースと同軸となる入力リングによって駆動されるように接続されている、
請求項4又は5に記載の変速装置。 - 前記入力リングは、外向き面を有しており、該外向き面は、前記外ローラーとギヤ接触する、
請求項6に記載の変速装置。 - 各外ローラーは、軸線方向に整列したローラー部分のペアから形成される、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の変速装置。 - 各内ローラーは、前記内ローラーが接触するような各外ローラーのそれぞれのローラー部分と接触している、
請求項8に記載の変速装置。 - 前記内ローラーは、前記外ローラーよりも長く、前記内ローラーは、前記内レース及び前記外レースと同軸となるような入力リングによって駆動されるように接続される、
請求項8又は9に記載の変速装置。 - 前記入力リングは、内向き面を有しており、該内向き面は、前記内ローラーとギヤ接触する、
請求項10に記載の変速装置。 - 前記内ローラーは、第1の摩擦係数CF1を有する前記内レースに接触しており、前記外ローラーは、第2の摩擦係数CF2を有する前記外レースに接触しており、CF1及びCF2の少なくとも一方が、0.27、0.28、0.29、0.30、0.31、0.32、0.33、0.34、0.35、0.36、0.37、0.38、0.39、0.40、0.45、0.50又は0.60以上である、
請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の変速装置。 - 予備変速段階と統合される、
請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の変速装置。 - 統合された予備変速段階を含む予備変速装置は、自己増力式の前記変速装置を使用して、第1段での前記ローラーのカム作用によって、第1段の前記外レース上のこれらのローラーの接触力を増大させ、第1段の前記外レースは、この増大したラジアル力を、第2段の前記ローラーの入力トラクション面に伝達するように拡大することができる、
請求項13に記載の変速装置。 - 前記内ローラー及び前記外ローラーは、前記レース内に前負荷力がかかった状況で互いに押圧される、
請求項1乃至14のいずれか一項に記載の変速装置。
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