JP2017521377A - 持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む糖尿病治療用組成物 - Google Patents
持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む糖尿病治療用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
)に対する抵抗性と共に、グルカゴン様ペプチド−1より高い生理活性を有する。よって、体内半減期が2〜4時間とグルカゴン様ペプチド−1に比べて延長された体内半減期を有する(特許文献1)。しかし、DPP−IVの抵抗性を向上させる方法のみでは十分な生理活性の持続期間を期待できず、例えば現在市販されているエキセンジン−4(エキセナチド,exenatide)の場合、患者に1日2回注射で投与しなければならず、投与による吐き気や嘔吐の誘発が患者に大きな負担になるという欠点が依然として残っている。
A鎖:Gly−Ile−Val−Glu−Gln−Cys−Cys−Thr−Ser−Ile−Cys−Ser−Leu−Tyr−Gln−Leu−Glu−Asn−Tyr−Cys−Asn(配列番号37)
B鎖:Phe−Val−Asn−Gln−His−Leu−Cys−Gly−Ser−His−Leu−Val−Glu−Ala−Leu−Tyr−Leu−Val−Cys−Gly−Glu−Arg−Gly−Phe−Phe−Tyr−Thr−Pro−Lys−Thr(配列番号38)
のではない。
GLP−1(7−37):HAEGT FTSDV SSYLE GQAAK EFIAW LVKGR G(配列番号39)
エキセンジン−3:HSDGT FTSDL SKQME EEAVR LFIEW LKNGG PSSGA PPPS(配列番号40)
エキセンジン−4:HGEGT FTSDL SKQME EEAVR LFIEW LKNGG PSSGA PPPS(配列番号41)
X−La−F
保有中の天然インスリン発現ベクターを鋳型とし、A鎖又はB鎖のアミノ酸を1つずつ修飾したインスリンアナログを作製するために、順方向及び逆方向オリゴヌクレオチドを合成し(表2)、その後PCRを行って各アナログ遺伝子を増幅した。
T7プロモーター制御下で組換えインスリンアナログ発現を行った。それぞれの組換えインスリンアナログ発現ベクターにE.coli BL21−DE3(E. coli B F-dcm ompT hsdS(rB-mB-)gal DE3); ノバジェン)を形質転換した。形質転換方法は、ノバジェン社が推奨する方法に従った。各組換え発現ベクターが形質転換されたそれぞれの単一コロニーを得て、アンピシリン(50/ml)を含む2Xルリア(Luria Broth, LB)培地に接種し、37℃で15時間培養した。組換え菌株培養液と30%グリセリンとを含む2XLB培地を1:1(v/v)の割合で混合して各1mlずつクライオチューブに分注し、−140℃で保管した。これを組換え融合タンパク質の作製のための細胞ストック(cell stock)として用いた。
実施例2で発現させた組換えインスリンアナログを可溶性形態に変えるために、細胞を破砕してリフォールディングした。細胞ペレット100g(wet weight)を1L溶解緩衝液(50mM Tris−HCl(pH9.0)、1mM EDTA(pH8.0)、0.2M NaCl及び0.5%トリトンX−100)に再浮遊させた。マイクロフルイダイザー(microfluidizer)プロセッサM−110EH(AC Technology Corp. Model M1475C)を用いて、15,000psiの圧力で細胞を破砕した。破砕された細胞溶解物を7,000rpmで4℃にて20分間遠心分離して上清を捨て、3L洗浄緩衝液(0.5%トリトンX−100、50mM Tris−HCl(pH8.0)、0.2M NaCl及び1mM EDTA)に再浮遊させた。7,000rpmで4℃にて20分間遠心分離してペレットを蒸留水に再浮遊させ、その後同様に遠心分離した。ペレットを得て、400mlの緩衝液(1M Glycine,3.78g Cysteine−HCl,pH10.6)に再浮遊させて常温で1時間攪拌した。再浮遊させた組換えインスリンアナログの回収のために、400mLの8Mウレアを追加し、その後40℃で1時間攪拌した。可溶化した組換えインスリンアナログのリフォールディング(refolding)のために、7,000rpmで4℃にて30分間遠心分離して上清を得て、その後これに2Lの蒸留水を蠕動ポンプ(peristaltic pump)にて1000ml/hrの流速で加えて4℃で16時間攪拌した。
45%エタノールを含む20mMクエン酸ナトリウム(pH2.0)緩衝液で平衡化したSource S(GE healthcare社)カラムにリフォールディングした試料を結合させ、その後塩化カリウム0.5Mと45%エタノールとを含む20mMクエン酸ナトリウム(pH2.0)緩衝液を用いて、濃度が0%から100%になるように10カラム容量の線形濃度勾配でインスリンアナログタンパク質を溶出した。
脱塩カラム(Desalting column)を用いて、溶出した試料から塩を除去し、緩衝液(10mM Tris−HCl,pH8.0)に交換した。得られた試料のタンパク量のモル比1000に相当するトリプシンとモル比2000に相当するカルボキシペプチダーゼBを添加し、その後16℃で16時間攪拌した。反応を終了させるために、1Mクエン酸ナトリウム(pH2.0)を用いてpHを3.5に下げた。
反応が終了した試料を45%エタノールを含む20mMクエン酸ナトリウム(pH2.0)緩衝液で平衡化したSource S(GE healthcare社)カラムに再び結合させ、その後塩化カリウム0.5Mと45%エタノールとを含む20mMクエン酸ナトリウム(pH2.0)緩衝液を用いて、濃度が0%から100%になるように10カラム容量の線形濃度勾配でインスリンアナログタンパク質を溶出した。
脱塩カラムを用いて、溶出した試料から塩を除去し、緩衝液(10mM Tris−HCl,pH7.5)に交換した。実施例6で得られた試料から純粋なインスリンアナログを純粋に分離するために、10mMトリス(pH7.5)緩衝液で平衡化した陰イオン交換カラム(Source Q:GE healthcare社)に結合させ、その後0.5M塩化ナトリウムを含む10mMトリス(pH7.5)緩衝液を用いて、濃度が0%から100%になるように10カラム容量の線形濃度勾配でインスリンアナログタンパク質を溶出した。
本実施例においては、代表的なインスリンアナログである天然インスリンの配列アナログ(A鎖の14番目にGlu)の持続型結合体を作製した。
イミダゾ−アセチルエキセンジン−4(CAエキセンジン−4,AP,米国)を用いて、3.4kのPropionALD(2)PEGをCAエキセンジン−4のLysと反応させ、その後2つのLys異性体ピークのうち反応が進んでN末端異性体と明確に区分される最後の異性体ピーク(Lys27位の異性体)を用いてカップリング反応を行った。
カラム:SOURCE Q(XK16,アマシャムバイオサイエンス)
流速:2.0/分
勾配:A0→25%70分B(A:20mMトリス(pH7.5),B:A+1M NaCl)
カラム:SOURCE ISO(HR16,アマシャムバイオサイエンス)
流速:7.0/分
勾配:B100→0%60分B(A:20mMトリス(pH7.5),B:A+1.5M硫酸アンモニウム)
実施例8及び9で作製した持続型インスリンアナログ結合体と持続型エキセンジン−4結合体とを含む薬学的組成物の投与、又は持続型インスリンアナログ結合体と持続型エキセンジン−4結合体の併用投与による生体内(in vivo)効力を測定するために、2型糖尿病モデルであるdb/dbマウスを用いた。db/dbマウス(BKS.Cg-+Leprdb/+ Leprdb/OlaHsd mouse)は、leptin受容体の除去によりヒトに類似した糖尿病症状を示すので本実施例に用いた。
に基づいて糖尿病が誘発されたか否かを判断した(350〜600/の間)。糖尿病が誘導されたマウスを血糖に応じて1群当たり5匹又は6匹ずつ、G1、G2、G3、G4及びG5の5つの群に分けた。
持続型インスリンアナログ結合体(持続型インスリン誘導体結合体)と持続型インスリン分泌ペプチドの例である持続型エキセンジン−4結合体とを含む薬学的組成物の投与、又は持続型インスリンアナログ結合体と持続型エキセンジン−4結合体の併用投与による生体内(in vivo)効力を測定するために、2型糖尿病モデルであるdb/dbマウスを用いた。
Claims (26)
- インスリンアナログ及びその活性持続時間を延長できる生体適合性物質がリンカー又は共有結合により連結された持続型インスリンアナログ結合体と、
インスリン分泌ペプチド及びその活性持続時間を延長できる生体適合性物質がリンカー又は共有結合により連結された持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体とを含む、糖尿病予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。 - インスリンアナログ及びその活性持続時間を延長できる生体適合性物質がリンカー又は共有結合により連結された持続型インスリンアナログ結合体と、
インスリン分泌ペプチド及びその活性持続時間を延長できる生体適合性物質がリンカー又は共有結合により連結された持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体とを含む、糖尿病患者の脂質毒性、糖毒性、膵臓β細胞機能異常及び膵臓β細胞量減少からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの膵臓β細胞副作用を改善するための薬学的組成物。 - 前記インスリンアナログは、天然インスリンにおいて少なくとも1つのアミノ酸に置換(substitution)、付加(addition)、欠失(deletion)、修飾(modification)及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される改変が起こった物質であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリンアナログは、少なくとも1つのアミノ酸が変異又は欠失したものであることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリンアナログは、B鎖の1番目のアミノ酸、2番目のアミノ酸、3番目のアミノ酸、5番目のアミノ酸、8番目のアミノ酸、10番目のアミノ酸、12番目のアミノ酸、16番目のアミノ酸、23番目のアミノ酸、24番目のアミノ酸、25番目のアミノ酸、26番目のアミノ酸、27番目のアミノ酸、28番目のアミノ酸、29番目のアミノ酸、30番目のアミノ酸、A鎖の1番目のアミノ酸、2番目のアミノ酸、5番目のアミノ酸、8番目のアミノ酸、10番目のアミノ酸、12番目のアミノ酸14番目のアミノ酸、16番目のアミノ酸、17番目のアミノ酸、18番目のアミノ酸、19番目のアミノ酸及び21番目のアミノ酸からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのアミノ酸が他のアミノ酸に置換されたもの、欠失したものからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリン分泌ペプチドは、GLP−1、エキセンジン−3、エキセンジン−4、それらのアゴニスト(agonist)、誘導体(derivative)、フラグメント(fragment)、変異体(variant)及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリン分泌ペプチドは、インスリン分泌ペプチドのN末端のヒスチジン残基がデスアミノ−ヒスチジル、ジメチル−ヒスチジル、β−ヒドロキシイミダゾプロピオニル、4−イミダゾアセチル及びβ−カルボキシイミダゾプロピオニルからなる群から選択される物質に置換されたインスリン分泌ペプチド誘導体である、請求項6に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリン分泌ペプチドは、天然エキセンジン−4、エキセンジン−4のN末端のアミン基が除去されたエキセンジン−4誘導体、エキセンジン−4のN末端のアミン基がヒドロキシ基に置換されたエキセンジン−4誘導体、エキセンジン−4のN末端のアミン基がジメチル基で修飾されたエキセンジン−4誘導体、エキセンジン−4の1番目のアミノ酸(ヒスチジン)のα炭素が欠失(deletion)したエキセンジン−4誘導体、エキセンジン−4の12番目のアミノ酸(リシン)がセリンに置換されたエキセンジン−4誘導体、及びエキセンジン−4の12番目のアミノ酸(リシン)がアルギニンに置換されたエキセンジン−4誘導体からなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記持続型インスリンアナログ結合体は、インスリンのA鎖の14番目のアミノ酸がグルタミン酸に置換されたインスリンアナログ及び免疫グロブリンFc領域が、リンカーである非ペプチド性重合体により連結されたものであり、前記持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体は、イミダゾ−アセチルエキセンジン−4であるインスリン分泌ペプチド及び免疫グロブリンFc領域が、リンカーである非ペプチド性重合体により連結されたものである、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記生体適合性物質は、ポリエチレングリコール、脂肪酸、コレステロール、アルブミン及びそのフラグメント、アルブミン結合物質、特定アミノ酸配列の繰り返し単位の重合体、抗体、抗体フラグメント、FcRn結合物質、生体内結合組織又はその誘導体、ヌクレオチド、フィブロネクチン、トランスフェリン(Transferrin)、サッカライド(saccharide)、高分子重合体からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリンアナログとインスリン分泌ペプチドは、ポリエチレングリコール、脂肪酸、サッカライド、高分子重合体、低分子化合物、ヌクレオチド及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるリンカーを介して生体適合性物質に連結されることを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項10に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記インスリンアナログ及びインスリン分泌ペプチドと生体適合性物質はリンカーを介して連結されており、前記生体適合性物質はFcRn結合物質であり、
前記リンカーは、ペプチドリンカー、又はポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、エチレングリコールとプロピレングリコールの共重合体、ポリオキシエチル化ポリオール、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリサッカライド、デキストラン、ポリビニルエチルエーテル、生分解性高分子、脂質重合体、キチン類、ヒアルロン酸及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される非ペプチド性リンカーを介して連結されることを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、 請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。 - 前記FcRn結合物質は、免疫グロブリンFc領域を含むことを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記非ペプチド性リンカーの各末端が、それぞれ前記生体適合性物質とインスリンアナログ又はインスリン分泌ペプチドのアミン基又はチオール基とに結合されたことを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項12に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域が非グリコシル化されたことを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域が、CH1、CH2、CH3及びCH4ドメインからなる群から選択される1つ〜4つのドメインからなることを特徴とする持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域がヒンジ領域をさらに含むことを特徴とする 持続型インスリンアナログ結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体を含む、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域は、IgG、IgA、IgD、IgE又はIgMに由来するFc領域である、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域の各ドメインは、IgG、IgA、IgD、IgE及びIgMからなる群から選択される異なる起源を有するドメインのハイブリッドである、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記免疫グロブリンFc領域は、同一起源のドメインからなる単鎖免疫グロブリンで構成された二量体又は多量体である、請求項13に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物は、薬学的に許容される担体をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物は、持続型インスリン結合体及び持続型インスリン分泌ペプチド結合体が同時、順次又は逆順に併用投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物は、糖尿病の進行を抑制することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記組成物は、投与された糖尿病個体の糖尿病の予後を改善することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 糖尿病が発症するリスクのある個体又は発症した個体又は発症に、請求項1に記載の薬学的組成物を投与するステップを含む、糖尿病の予防又は治療方法。
- ヒト以外の糖尿病が発症した個体に、請求項2に記載のの薬学的組成物を投与するステップを含む、糖尿病個体の脂質毒性、糖毒性、膵臓β細胞機能異常及び膵臓β細胞量減少からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの膵臓β細胞への副作用を改善する方法。
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