JP2017518494A - Th1及びth2細胞集団を検出するためのアッセイ - Google Patents
Th1及びth2細胞集団を検出するためのアッセイ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
様々な実施形態において、特異的結合剤は、Th1特異的、Th2特異的、またはTh17特異的サイトカインに特異的な抗体である。
様々な実施形態において、第1のフルオロフォアはフィコエリトリン(PE)であり、第2のフルオロフォアはフルオレセインイソチオシアネート(FITC)である。本方法における使用が企図される更なるフルオロフォアとしては、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)350、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)405、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)430、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)488、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)514、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)532、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)546、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)555、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)568、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)594、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)610、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)633、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)635、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)647、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)660、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)680、Alexa Fluor(登録商標)700、BODIPY FL、BODIPY630/650、Cy2、Cy3、Cy3B、Cy3.5、Cy5、Cy5.5、Cy7、ECD、FITC、FluorX(登録商標)、Cascade(登録商標)Blue、Pacific Blue(登録商標)、Pacific Green(登録商標)、Pacific Orange(登録商標)、eFluor(登録商標)450、eFluor(登録商標)605NC、eFluor(登録商標)625NC、eFluor(登録商標)650NC、eFluor(登録商標)660、eFluor(登録商標)710、Brilliant Violet(商標)(BV)フルオロフォアBV421、BV510、BV570、BV605、BV650、BD Horizon(商標)V450、BD Horizon(商標)V500、Texas Red、ローダミン、シアニン、フィコエリトリン(PE)、フィコシアニン、アロフィコシアニン(APC)、o−フタルアルデヒド、フルオレサミン、Oregon Green(登録商標)488、PE−APC、PE−Cy5、PerCP、PE−TR、ローダミングリーン、及びロードルグリーン、ならびにこれらのタンデム型色素が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
様々な実施形態において、喘息患者は、軽度、中等度、または重度の喘息を含むアトピー性喘息を有する。特定の実施形態において、喘息患者におけるTh2/Th1比率はTh2表現型に向かって偏在し、この偏在は、Th2パスウェイを標的化する治療剤での治療の候補として患者を識別し得る。様々な実施形態において、Th2細胞/Th1細胞の比率が約0.2以上である場合、患者はTh2標的化治療の候補であり得る。
CD8+CTLを検出する方法もまた、企図される。本開示は、多機能CTLなどのCTLのサブセットを検出するための方法であって、a)試料を、1つ以上の多機能CTLサイトカインに結合する1つ以上の特異的結合剤であって、多機能CTLサイトカインに対する1つ以上の特異的結合剤が、第1のフルオロフォア及び/または第2のフルオロフォア及び/または第3のフルオロフォアで標識される、1つ以上の特異的結合剤と接触させることと、b)試料中の第1及び第2及び/または第3のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出された特異的フルオロフォアのレベルに基づいて、細胞を多機能CTL細胞として指定することと、c)試料中の他のT細胞(例えば、試料中のTh、Treg、NKT、またはgdT)に対する多機能CTLの比率を判定することと、を含む、方法を提供する。
様々な実施形態において、細胞表面マーカーは、T細胞亜集団の識別のために使用される。例示的な細胞表面マーカーとしては、Th2細胞に対するST2、CRTH2、及びCCR4、Th1細胞に対するCXCR3、ならびに/またはTh17細胞に対するCCR6が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。T細胞亜集団はまた、PD1、CTLA4、CD40L、ICOS、OX40、41BB、TIM−3、GITR、HLA−DR、ならびにTh1、Th2、及びTh17細胞のKi67を含む、活性化状態を示すバイオマーカーに基づいて区別される。
別段述べない限り、明細書及び特許請求の範囲を含む本出願において使用される以下の用語は、以下に与えられる定義を有する。
それらの標的抗原、例えば、表面分子及びサイトカインなどに結合する抗体及び抗体フラグメントなどの特異的結合剤は、本発明の方法において有用である。一実施形態において、特異的結合剤は抗体である。抗体は、単一特異性ポリクローナル、モノクローナル(MAb)、組み換え、キメラ、補性決定領域(CDR)移植などのヒト化、ヒト、一本鎖、及び/または二重特異性、ならびにこれらのフラグメント、変異形、もしくは誘導体を含む、ポリクローナルであっても良い。抗体フラグメントとしては、対象となるポリペプチドのエピトープに結合する抗体の部分が挙げられる。そのようなフラグメントの例としては、全長抗体の酵素開裂によって生成されるFabフラグメント及びF(ab′)フラグメントが挙げられる。他の結合フラグメントとしては、抗体可変領域をコードする核酸配列を含有する組み換えプラスミドの発現などの、組み換えDNA技術によって生成されるものが挙げられる。
本明細書に記載される方法は、治療剤との併用において有用である。特に好ましい治療剤としては、サイトカインをアンタゴナイズするか、または患者におけるTヘルパー細胞またはCTL比率を変更する受容体に結合する抗体が挙げられる。例としては、TSLP、TSLP受容体、IL−25、IL−17A、IL−17−B、IL−17C、IL−17D、IL−17E(IL−25としても知られる)、IL−17−F、IL−17RA、IL−17−RB、IL−17RC、IL−17RD、IL−17RE、IL−33、ST2、IL−4、IL−13、IL4/13R、IL−5、IL−5R、TNF、TNF−R、IL−6、IL−6R、IL−10、IL−10R、IL−12p35、IL−12p40、IL−18、IL−18R、IL−22、IL−23/p19、TGF−b、IL−2、IFN−g、IFN−a、IL−1、IL−1R、IL−9、IL−36、及びGM−CSFに対する抗体が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。CCL17、CCL22、CCL20、及びIP−10などを含むが、これらに限定されない、Th細胞またはCTLの走化性因子であるケモカインもまた企図される。
本発明の方法は、免疫構成要素、すなわち、疾患もしくは障害の発症または進行において免疫細胞の関与を有する幅広い疾患もしくは障害を有する対象において、Th1細胞、Th2細胞、及びTh17細胞などのT細胞サブセットを検出するために有用である。
いくつかの実施形態において、抗体物質は、その検出を促進するために標識される。「標識」、「検出可能な標識」、または「検出可能な部分」は、分光学的、光化学的、生化学的、免疫化学的、化学的、または他の物理的手段によって検出可能な組成物である。例えば、本開示における使用のために好適な標識としては、放射性標識(例えば、32P)、フルオロフォア(例えば、フルオレセイン)、高電子密度試薬、酵素(例えば、ELISAにおいて一般的に使用されるもの)、ビオチン、ジゴキシゲニン、またはハプテン、ならびに、例えば、ハプテンもしくはペプチド内に放射標識を組み込むことによって検出可能となり得るか、あるいはハプテンもしくはペプチドに特異的に反応する抗体を検出するのに使用されるタンパクが挙げられる。
本開示は、治療剤での治療の文脈において、Thl/Th2/Th17/Th22細胞などのT細胞集団及び/またはCTLサブセットにおける細胞信号伝達変化の測定を可能にする全血刺激法を提供する。例えば、本開示は、抗TSLP中和抗体で治療される喘息患者において、Th2プロファイルから離れる偏在を実証する。更に、ベースラインでのサイトカイン発現プロファイルの判定は、治療を受ける患者の亜集団を特性評価し、患者に対する治療剤投与のレベルを調整するために有用である。このアッセイは、多発性炎症疾患の臨床試験において、T細胞サブセットを評価するために有用である。この特異的適用は、ヒト臨床試験において以前に実証されていない。
一実施形態において、サイトカインは、細胞内で接触させられる。細胞内での接触は、フローサイトメトリーのための細胞内染色の当該技術分野において記載されるプロトコルに従って実行される(例えば、Warrington et al.,Arthritis Res Ther.8(4):R136,2006、Ito et al.,Anticancer Research25:2027−2031,2005を参照されたい)。簡潔に述べると、細胞は試料から得られ、例えば、固定透過処理緩衝剤を使用して、固定、透過処理される。その後、細胞は、サイトカインなどの標的抗原に結合する特異的結合剤によって細胞に接触する。細胞は、実施例に記載されるように、任意で、固定前にPMA/イオノマイシンまたは別の刺激剤を使用してインビトロ刺激される。
別の態様において、治療剤は試料を得る前に投与される。投与前とは、試料を得る1週間前から、最大で試料を得る30分前の範囲以内の薬剤の投与を意味する。薬剤が、試料を得ることに後続して投与されることが更に企図される。後続投与は、治療の30分後から、最大で治療剤投与の1週間後までの投与を記載することが意味される。
様々な実施形態において、喘息患者はアトピー性喘息または軽度の喘息を有する。特定の実施形態において、Th2/Th1比率は、Th2表現型に向かって偏在し、この偏在は、Th2パスウェイを標的化する治療剤での治療の候補として患者を識別し得る。様々な実施形態において、Th2細胞/Th1細胞の比率が約0.2以上である場合、患者はTh2標的化治療の候補であり得る。
一態様において、本開示の方法は、任意で薬学的に許容される担体または賦形剤において、治療剤を投与するステップを含む。特定の実施形態において、薬学的組成物は、無菌組成物である。
キット
追加の一態様として、本開示は、本開示の方法を実行するためのそれらの使用を促進する様式でパッケージ化された1つ以上の化合物または組成物を含むキットを含む。一実施形態において、そのようなキットは、本明細書に記載される化合物または組成物(例えば、単体で特異的結合剤を含む組成物、または標識もしくはフルオロフォアに付加された特異的結合剤を含む組成物)を含み、これは、容器に付加される、あるいはパッケージ内に含まれる、本方法を実行する上での化合物または組成物の使用を記載するラベルとともに、密封瓶または管などの容器中にパッケージ化される。好ましくは、化合物または組成物は、単位剤形中にパッケージ化される。
材料及び方法
試験参加者
適格な参加者は、陽性皮膚穿刺試験によって確認された軽度の安定したアトピー性喘息、予測の70%以上の1秒間の強制呼気量(FEV)(FEV1)、及び気道過敏症を有する、18〜60歳までの年齢の非喫煙者の男性及び女性であった。参加者は、彼らの喘息に影響を与える花粉の季節外で試験され、他の肺疾患を有しなかった。一切の喘息制御剤治療は許可されず、1週間に2回未満使用される、救命治療としての短時間作用性β2アゴニストの吸入が許容された。全ての他の喘息薬物療法は、登録の少なくとも4週前に中断された。喘息の悪化、6週間以内の救急科への呼吸器関連の来院、AMG157の以前の使用、またはAMG157賦形剤に対する既知の感受性については、参加者を除外した。
この概念証明、無作為化、二重盲検、プラセボ対照試験を、カナダにおける5つの施設において実行した。双方向音声応答システムによって参加者を無作為に1:1に割り当て、試験日1日目、29日目、及び57日目に、1時間の静脈内輸注によって700mgのAMG157またはプラセボを受けさせた。−15、−14、及び−13日目、41、42、43、83、84、及び85日目にアレルゲン及びメタコリン吸入負荷を実行した。−15、−13、1、41、43、83、及び85日目に分画呼気一酸化窒素(FENO)レベルを測定し、−15、−14、−13、1、41、42、43、83、84、及び85日目に誘発喀痰を測定し、−15、1、29、43、57、85、113、及び169日目に血液試料を測定した。一次エンドポイントは、FEV1における最大低下割合(%)及びFEV1における時間調整低下割合(%)の曲線下面積(AUC)(%FEV1−時間AUC)として表現された後、アレルゲン負荷後3〜7時間の間に測定された遅発性喘息反応(LAR)であった。二次エンドポイントは、最小FEV1及び時間調整最小FEV1のAUC(FEV1−時間AUC)によって測定されたLAR、アレルゲン負荷後0〜2時間の間に測定された即時型喘息反応(EAR)、ならびにAMG157の安全性、副作用プロファイル及び免疫原性であった。探索エンドポイントは、喀痰及び血中好酸球、FENO、Th2サイトカイン、Th2/Th1細胞比率及び血中全IgE、ならびにメタコリンPC20を含んだ。安全性評価は、有害事象の発生率及び重症度、心電図の変化、実験室プロファイル、生命徴候、ならびに抗AMG157抗体の存在を含んだ。
実験室手順
吸入するアレルゲンは、皮膚穿刺試験の結果を使用して選択された。アレルゲン吸入負荷を、記載するように実行した。14−14日目のスクリーニング負荷中、アレルゲンの10分後でのFEV1における20%以上の低下が到達されるまで、2〜3mLの溶液を充填したWrightネブライザー(Roxon,Quebec)からの換気呼吸によって、倍加する濃度のアレルゲンを2分間かけて吸入させた。その後、規則的な間隔で7時間、FEV1を測定した。EAR(0〜2時間)エンドポイント及びLAR(3〜7時間)エンドポイントを計算した。アレルゲン用量の選択及びメタコリン負荷を、記載するように実行した。15白血球、全IgE、及びサイトカインについて静脈血をサンプリングし、標準的な方法を使用して、誘発喀痰から気道好酸球をサンプリングした。16FENO測定は、American Thoracic Societyのガイドラインに従った。17
統計学的分析
30人(1治療群当たり15人)の参加者の試料の大きさを、1治療群当たり15人の参加者が、AMG157プラセボのLAR減弱効果を区別するのに十分な検出力を提供することを示唆する以前の研究18〜20からの経験的証拠に基づいて、選択した。各エンドポイントのための分析集団は、少なくとも1用量のAMG157またはプラセボを受けた、無作為化された全ての参加者からの全ての入手可能なデータを含み、受けた初期治療に従ってデータを分析した。独立変数としての治療及び来院、治療/来院相互作用項、及びモデル共変数としての対応する事前用量測定を含む反復測定分散分析(ANCOVA)を使用して、EAR及びLARを分析した。平均治療差異、対応する95%信頼区間(CI)、及び両側P値を各来院毎に推定し、報告した。反復測定ANCOVA(Supplemental Appendix)を使用して、探索エンドポイントを分析した。要約データを平均±SEMとして報告し、対数正規分布するエンドポイントを幾何平均(95%CI)として提示する一方で、カテゴリーデータを数(%)として提示する。
試験集団
合計31人の参加者を無作為化し、16人をAMG157に、15人をプラセボに割り当てた。全ての参加者が、無作為化スケジュールに従って少なくとも1用量の試験薬を受けた。約18ヶ月間、試験を実行した。28人の参加者(90%)が全介入期間を終了し、27人(87%)が試験を終了した。試験を終了しなかった4人の参加者のうち3人が追跡不能(プラセボが2人、AMG157が1人)であり、1人の参加者が喘息の悪化のために34日目で中止した(AMG157)。各群1人の参加者が84日目のアレルゲン負荷を終了せず、1人の参加者がLAR測定前に84日目のアレルゲン負荷を中止した(AMG157)。2つの群において、人口統計及び吸入アレルゲンは類似し、2つの群の間で測定されたベースライン変数のうちのいずれにおいても有意な差異は存在しなかった。
AMG157治療は、42及び84日目で、4つのアレルゲン負荷エンドポイントのそれぞれにおいて、プラセボと比較してLAR及びEARの両方を部分的に減弱した(図1、図2)。統計学的に有意なAMG157に関連付けられる減弱は、最後の注入の追加の利益なしで、42日目のLAR最小FEV1及びFEV1時間調整AUC3〜7時間について、ならびに84日目のFEV1におけるLAR最大低下割合(%)及び最小FEV1について達成された。遅発型反応中のFEV1における最大減少割合(%)は、42日目にはプラセボ群よりもAMG−157群において34.0%小さく(P=0.09)、84日目には45.9%(11.7%対21.6の減少)小さかった(P=0.02)。AMG−157群の患者は、プラセボ群の患者と比較して、遅発型反応中、42日目には最小FEV1において有意な増加(P=0.01)、及び時間調整最小FEV1のAUCにおいて有意な増加(P=0.02)を有し、84日目には最小FEV1(P=0.01)を有した。更に、即時型反応中、42日目には、プラセボ群よりもAMG−157群において、FEV1の時間調整減少割合(%)のAUCは有意に小さく、時間調整最小FEV1のAUCは有意に大きく(両方の比較についてP=0.03)、84日目には、FEV1の時間調整減少割合(%)のAUCは有意に小さかった(P=0.030)(図1及び2)。
AMG157による治療は、測定された実験室値、温度、血圧、脈拍、または呼吸の変化とは関連付けられなかった。プラセボ治療には12の有害事象が、及びAMG157には15の有害事象が存在した。重篤有害事象または死亡は存在しなかった。1人のプラセボ治療参加者が抗AMG157抗体に対して陽性反応を示し、AMG157治療参加者には抗AMG157抗体に対して陽性反応を示した者はいなかった。
この試験は、モノクローナル抗体AMG157による治療が、安定したアレルギー性喘息参加者において、全身性及び気道炎症のマーカーとともに、アレルゲン誘発性気管支収縮(EAR及びLAR)のほとんどの測定を減弱することを実証した。そのようなものとして、データの重みは、マウスモデルにおいてアレルゲン誘発気道反応を誘発することにおける、文書化TSLPの役割と一貫する。21AMG157はまた、試験期間を通して、気道炎症(FENO及び喀痰好酸球)の指標ならびに全身性炎症(循環する好酸球)を含む、ベースライン評価において測定された炎症変数の全てを低減した。好酸球の変化が、アレルゲン誘発性気管支収縮の減弱の原因となるのかどうかは未知である。この概念証明試験は、TSLPが、アレルギー性喘息を有する患者において、アレルゲン誘発気道反応においてだけでなく、持続性気道炎症を引き起こすことにおいてもまた中枢的なサイトカインであることを示唆する。
TSLPは、アレルギー性喘息患者において、インターロイキン−5及びインターロイキン−13を含む炎症促進性のサイトカインの産生により、気道樹状細胞の活性化及びTh2細胞の数の増加を通して、気道及び血中好酸球増加症を引き起こすと考えられる。21TSLPはまた、マスト細胞8、CD34+前駆細胞9、及び最も近年では2型自然リンパ球系細胞からのインターロイキン−5及びインターロイキン−13の産生に影響を与えることが示されている。26インターロイキン−5の阻害は、アレルゲン誘発気道好酸球増加症を予防する27ことが以前に示されており、この仮定を裏付ける。他の気道上皮由来のサイトカイン、特にインターロイキン−25及びインターロイキン−33はまた、マウスモデルにおけるアレルゲン誘発気道炎症に関係付けられている28が、現在の所、それらをヒトにおけるアレルギー性喘息に関係付ける直接的な証拠は存在しない。
気道マスト細胞及び好塩基球からのヒスタミン及びシステイニルロイコトリエンは、EAR及びLARの主要部分に寄与する。33、34LARはまた、炎症性細胞、特に好塩基球及び好酸球のアレルゲン誘発流入によって引き起こされる。31、33したがって、AMG157は、マスト細胞活性化及び炎症性細胞動員の両方に対する作用を通して、これらの反応を減弱する可能性がある。
実施例1におけるTh2/Th1比率を判定するために、細胞内サイトカイン染色を実行して、Th1サイトカイン、つまりIFN−g、TNF−a、及び/またはIL−2を発現する細胞と比較して、IL−4、IL−5、及びIL−13などのTh2サイトカインを発現する細胞の比率を判定する方法論を使用した。
本方法を使用して、乾癬患者及び亜急性皮膚エリテマトーデス(SCLE)患者からの試料を評価し、Th17細胞に対する影響を探した。SCLE試料は、刺激されていない対照が高レベルのIFN−g及びTNF−aを示し、このアッセイが、異なる型のループス関連疾患を患う患者のための治療を導くための診断的ツールとして有用で有り得ることを示唆したという意味において、特有であった(図5)。
1.Ferreira MA,Matheson MC,Tang CS,et al.Genome−wide association analysis identifies11risk variants associated with the asthma with hay fever phenotype.J Allergy Clin Immunol2013。
Claims (22)
- 患者からの試料中のTヘルパー2(Th2)細胞及びTヘルパー1(Th1)細胞の比率を検出するための方法であって、Th2特異的サイトカイン及びTh1特異的サイトカインのレベルを測定することを含み、前記方法が、
a)前記試料を、
i)2つ以上のTh2サイトカインに結合する2つ以上の特異的結合剤であって、前記Th2特異的サイトカインに対する前記2つ以上の特異的結合剤が、第1のフルオロフォアで標識される、2つ以上の特異的結合剤、及び
ii)Th1サイトカインに結合する少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤であって、前記Th1サイトカインに対する前記特異的結合剤が、前記第1のフルオロフォアとは異なる第2のフルオロフォアで標識される、少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤、と接触させることと、
b)前記試料中の前記第1及び第2のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出されたTh1特異的及びTh2特異的フルオロフォアの前記レベルに基づいて、前記細胞をTh1またはTh2細胞として指定することと、
c)試料中のTh2細胞対Th1細胞の前記比率を判定することと、を含む、前記方法。 - 前記試料中のTh1細胞、Th2細胞、及びTh17細胞の前記比率を判定することを更に含み、
a)前記試料を、
iii)Th17サイトカインに結合する少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤であって、前記Th17サイトカインに対する前記特異的結合剤が、前記第1のフルオロフォアとは異なる第2のフルオロフォアで標識されるか、または第3のフルオロフォアで標識される、少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤と接触させることと、
b)前記試料中の前記第1及び第2のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出されたTh1特異的、Th2特異的、及びTh17特異的フルオロフォアの前記レベルに基づいて、前記細胞をTh1、Th2、またはTh17細胞として指定することと、
c)試料中のTh1細胞対Th2細胞対Th17細胞の前記比率を判定することと、を含む、請求項1に記載の前記方法。 - 患者からの試料中のTヘルパー1(Th1)細胞及びTヘルパー17(Th17)細胞の比率を検出するための方法であって、Th1特異的サイトカイン及びTh17特異的サイトカインのレベルを測定することを含み、前記方法が、
a)前記試料を、
i)2つ以上のTh17サイトカインに結合する2つ以上の特異的結合剤であって、前記Th17特異的サイトカインに対する前記2つ以上の特異的結合剤が、第1のフルオロフォアで標識される、2つ以上の特異的結合剤、及び
ii)Th1サイトカインに結合する少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤であって、前記Th1サイトカインに対する前記特異的結合剤が、前記第1のフルオロフォアとは異なる第2のフルオロフォアで標識される、少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤、と接触させることと、
b)前記試料中の前記第1及び第2のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出されたTh1特異的及びTh17特異的フルオロフォアの前記レベルに基づいて、前記細胞をTh1またはTh17細胞として指定することと、
c)試料中のTh1細胞対Th17細胞の前記比率を判定することと、を含む、前記方法。 - 患者からの試料中のTヘルパー2(Th2)細胞及びTヘルパー17(Th17)細胞の比率を検出するための方法であって、Th2特異的サイトカイン及びTh17特異的サイトカインのレベルを測定することを含み、前記方法が、
a)前記試料を、
i)2つ以上のTh2サイトカインに結合する2つ以上の特異的結合剤であって、前記Th2特異的サイトカインに対する前記2つ以上の特異的結合剤が、第1のフルオロフォアで標識される、2つ以上の特異的結合剤、及び
ii)Th17サイトカインに結合する少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤であって、前記Th17サイトカインに対する前記特異的結合剤が、前記第1のフルオロフォアとは異なる第2のフルオロフォアで標識される、少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤、と接触させることと、
b)前記試料中の前記第1及び第2のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出されたTh2特異的及びTh17特異的フルオロフォアの前記レベルに基づいて、前記細胞をTh2またはTh17細胞として指定することと、
c)試料中のTh2細胞対Th17細胞の前記比率を判定することと、を含む、前記方法。 - 前記Th2サイトカインが、IL−4、IL−5、及びIL−13からなる群から選択される、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記Th1サイトカインが、インターフェロンガンマ(IFN−g)、腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF−a)、及びIL−2からなる群から選択される、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記Th17サイトカインが、IL−17A、IL−17F、IFN−g、及びIL−22からなる群から選択される、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記特異的結合剤が、Th1特異的、Th2特異的、またはTh17特異的サイトカインに特異的な抗体である、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記患者が、喘息、アレルギー性副鼻腔炎、アレルギー性結膜炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、線維性疾患、全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)、多発性硬化症、及び癌からなる群から選択される疾患または障害を患う、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記試料が、治療剤での治療前及び/または後に得られる、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記治療剤が抗TSLP抗体である、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記第1のフルオロフォアがフィコエリトリン(PE)であり、前記第2のフルロフォアがフルオレセインイソチオシアネート(FITC)である、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 前記試料が、前記患者からの全血、末梢血単核球、脳脊髄液、気管支肺胞上皮洗浄液、鼻洗浄液、誘発喀痰、または生検である、請求項1に記載の前記方法。
- 前記サイトカインが、細胞内で接触させられる、先行請求項のいずれかに記載の前記方法。
- 治療剤での治療に対して応答性である喘息患者の亜集団を識別するための方法であって、患者試料中のTヘルパー2(Th2)細胞及びTヘルパー1(Th1)細胞のベースライン比率、または前記治療剤の投与後の前記比率の変化を測定することを含み、前記方法が、
a)前記試料を、
i)2つ以上のTh2特異的サイトカインに結合する2つ以上の特異的結合剤であって、前記Th2特異的サイトカインに対する前記2つ以上の特異的結合剤が、第1のフルオロフォアで標識される、2つ以上の特異的結合剤、及び
ii)Th1特異的サイトカインに結合する少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤であって、前記Th1特異的サイトカインに対する前記特異的結合剤が、前記第1のフルオロフォアとは異なる第2のフルオロフォアで標識される、少なくとも1つの特異的結合剤、と接触させることと、
b)前記試料中の前記第1及び第2のフルオロフォアのレベルを測定し、検出されたTh2特異的及びTh1特異的フルオロフォアの前記レベルに基づいて、前記細胞をTh1またはTh2細胞として指定することと、
c)検出されたTh2特異的サイトカイン及びTh1特異的サイトカインの前記レベルに基づいて、試料中のTh2細胞対Th1細胞の前記比率を判定することであって、Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が減少する場合、前記患者が前記治療剤に対して応答性であると識別される、判定することと、
d)前記患者が前記治療剤に対して非応答性であると判定される場合、前記治療剤での治療を変更すること、または前記患者が前記治療剤での治療に対して応答性であると判定される場合、治療剤の用量を維持することと、を含む、前記方法。 - 前記治療剤が抗TSLP抗体である、請求項15に記載の前記方法。
- 前記試料を得る前に、前記治療剤が、1週間、2週間、3週間、4週間、6週間、2ヶ月間、3ヶ月間、またはそれを超えて投与される、請求項15に記載の前記方法。
- Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、またはそれを超えて減少する場合、前記患者が、治療に対して応答性であると識別される、請求項15に記載の前記方法。
- 前記患者が治療に対して応答性であると識別されるTh2/Th1比率が、約0.1以下である、請求項15に記載の前記方法。
- 免疫不全の治療において、抗TSLP剤の用量レジメンを変更する方法であって、請求項1または2に記載の前記方法を使用して、試料中のTh2細胞/Th1細胞、及び/またはTh17細胞の比率を判定し、Th2細胞/Th1細胞、及び/またはTh17細胞の前記比率が治療中に変化する場合、抗TSLP抗体の前記用量を変更することを含み、
Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が安定しているか、または増加し、Th2プロファイルに向かう偏在を示す場合、治療剤の前記用量が増加され、
Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が減少し、Th2プロファイルの低減を示す場合、治療剤の前記用量が減少される、前記方法。 - 前記免疫不全が、喘息、アレルギー性副鼻腔炎、アレルギー性結膜炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、及び線維性疾患からなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の前記方法。
- 喘息治療剤の用量レジメンを変更する方法であって、請求項1または2に記載の前記方法を使用して、試料中のTh2細胞/Th1細胞、及び/またはTh17細胞の比率を判定し、Th2細胞/Th1細胞、及び/またはTh17細胞の前記比率が治療中に変化する場合、喘息治療剤の前記用量を変更することを含み、
Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が安定しているか、または増加し、Th2プロファイルに向かう偏在を示す場合、治療剤の前記用量が増加され、
Th2細胞/Th1細胞の前記比率が減少し、Th2プロファイルの低減を示す場合、治療剤の前記用量が減少される、前記方法。
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