JP2017000134A - Production method of fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fodder that can be given to cattle inexpensively and continuously, a fodder production apparatus, and a fodder production method.SOLUTION: There is provided fodder that is given to cattle, and a production apparatus 1a of the fodder comprises: a drier 7 which dries yuzu (Japanese citron lemon) being a fruit containing vitamin C into a dried product 8 only by temperature-controlled air; and a kneader 10 which, when the dried product 8 is mixed into rice bran or wheat bran as a main material 8a and kneaded under decompressed pressure, sprays soybean-refined oil as fat 8b onto the kneaded product and impregnates it into the kneaded product, by which fodder that can be given to cattle inexpensively and continuously, a fodder production apparatus, and a fodder production method can be provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a feed, a feed production apparatus, and a feed production method, and more particularly to a feed, a feed production apparatus, and a feed production method given to a cow.

  Generally, anorexia or diarrhea is eliminated by giving glucose during anorexia or diarrhea in cattle (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Glucose is a typical monosaccharide and is one of the substances that become the energy of animal and plant activities. However, because of its poor taste, cows do not try to drink much. Therefore, it is known that when a sugar having good palatability is given, cows will drink and drink (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Sugar is mainly composed of sucrose. This sucrose is a disaccharide (glucose + fructose) having the chemical formula C ₁₂ H ₂₂ O ₁₁ , and is generally extracted from sugar cane or sugar beet to increase its purity and crystallize. In addition, bacus which is the remaining rice cake obtained by extracting sucrose from sugarcane is used as a feed, but has poor palatability.

  However, if you continue to give cows sugar, the cost is high. On the other hand, apples produced in Japan and bananas imported from abroad are often discarded without being used, for example, for appearance reasons before being shipped to the market. Fruits such as apples and bananas contain a large amount of fructose with a strong sweetness.

Fructose is a monosaccharide having the molecular formula C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ , and is said to have the strongest sweetness and become sweeter as the temperature decreases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a feed, a feed production device, and a feed production method that can be continuously fed to cattle at a low cost.

  The invention that is the first basis of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the first basic invention) is a feed that is given at the time of anorexia or diarrhea in cattle, and contains fruit juice and carbohydrates contained in the juice. The amount of is substantially constant (3.5 to 4.5% by weight).

  In this case, the feed is contained in the fruit juice, and the amount of sugar contained in the fruit juice is set to be substantially constant (3.5 to 4.5% by weight), so that the feed has a strong sweetness and good palatability. It will be a thing. Therefore, when given at the time of anorexia or diarrhea, the cow eats happily, so anorexia or diarrhea can be easily resolved. Moreover, the use of fruits that are originally discarded makes them extremely inexpensive.

  However, if a large amount of carbohydrate was continuously given to cattle, there was a problem that eventually the rumen wall and the like became abnormal and the carbohydrate was difficult to be absorbed from the capillaries. For this reason, the said basic invention was able to be applied only temporarily at the time of diarrhea of a cow. Accordingly, a second basic invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a second basic invention) is a feed to be fed to a cow, and a carbohydrate contained in the feed to be fed to the cow by including fruit juice. The amount of carbohydrates contained in the feed to be fed to the cattle is adjusted by adjusting the amount to about 2% by weight from the time of introduction of the cow to 60 days and not including fruit juice. After the lapse of 60 days from the time of introduction, it was adjusted to be approximately 0% by weight.

  In this case, by adding fruit juice, the amount of carbohydrates contained in the feed given to the cow is adjusted to about 2% by weight from the time of introduction of the cow to 60 days, and the fruit juice is included. Since the amount of sugar contained in the feed to be fed to the cow was adjusted to be substantially 0% by weight after 60 days from the introduction of the cow, Over time, it is possible to solve the problem of abnormalities in the rumen wall, making it difficult for the carbohydrates to be absorbed from the capillaries, and to continuously eliminate anorexia in cattle, thereby realizing a smooth weight gain. Moreover, the use of fruits that are originally discarded makes them extremely inexpensive.

  Moreover, it is preferable to adjust the amount of carbohydrates contained in the feed to be fed to the cow so as to be about 1.5% by weight after 22 months of age of the cow by including fruit juice.

  By the way, if only the sugar is continuously given to the cow, there is a concern that the meat quality may be affected by the lack of vitamin C. In this regard, it has been clarified that vitamin C promotes the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes, and when a coated chemical preparation is fed in the middle of fattening, fat crossing, meat texture and tightening are improved, and fatty acid composition It has been reported that changes are seen in (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Here, the chemical preparation is coated so that water-soluble vitamin C is not prevented from being decomposed in the rumen of the cow and reaching the intestine. And the chemical preparation of vitamin C is expensive in production cost, but such vitamin C is also contained in cheap fruits and vegetables. Therefore, the present invention provides a feed for cattle, and a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air to obtain a dried product of the fruit or vegetable. It is characterized by the fact that it is mixed with and given to cows.

  According to the present invention, a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air, so that it becomes a dried product of the fruit or vegetable, and this dried product is mixed with the main ingredient and given to the cow. As a result, the heat-sensitive vitamin C is dried almost without breakage and given to the cow, so that the influence on the meat quality as when only the sugar is given is reduced. In addition, the product of the present invention becomes extremely inexpensive by using originally discarded fruits or vegetables. Especially for vitamin C, since an artificially produced product (chemical preparation) is expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

  As in the invention described in claim 2, when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure, it is preferable that oils and fats are immersed in the kneaded product.

  According to the invention of claim 2, when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure, the kneaded product is soaked with fats and oils, so that vitamin C is almost uniformly contained in the feed together with the fats and oils. As a result of being distributed and simply giving the feed to cattle, the burden on farmers with large numbers of cattle is greatly reduced compared to oral administration of chemical preparations separately from the feed for each cow. be able to. Moreover, due to the presence of fats and oils, water-soluble vitamin C is not decomposed in the rumen of cattle, and most of it is absorbed in the intestine and easily accumulates in the liver. The impact on is less.

  As in the invention described in claim 3, it is preferable that the dried product is mixed with the main material so that the daily supply amount of vitamin C per cow is about 30 to 60 mg.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the dried product is mixed with the main material so that the daily supply amount of vitamin C per cow is about 30 to 60 mg, further to the meat quality. The effect of is even less.

  As in the invention described in claim 4, the fruit is preferably an eggplant.

  The invention according to claim 5 is an apparatus for producing feed for cattle, wherein the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air to obtain a dried product of the fruit or vegetable. And a kneading machine for impregnating oil and fat into the kneaded product when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure.

  According to invention of Claim 5, the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with the temperature-controlled air, and it is made into the dried material of the said fruit or vegetable, the said dried material is mixed with the main material, and pressure reduction is carried out. When kneading under, the kneaded product is soaked with fats and oils, so by using the fruit or vegetable that was originally discarded, a very inexpensive feed can be obtained. The effect on the meat quality when given is reduced.

  The invention according to claim 6 is a method for producing a feed to be fed to a cow, wherein the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air, thereby obtaining a dried product of the fruit or vegetable. When the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure, the kneaded product is soaked with fats and oils.

  According to invention of Claim 6, there exists an effect similar to invention of Claim 5.

  According to the present invention, a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air, so that it becomes a dried product of the fruit or vegetable, and this dried product is mixed with the main ingredient and given to the cow. As a result, the heat-sensitive vitamin C is dried almost without breakage and given to the cow, so that the influence on the meat quality as when only the sugar is given is reduced. In addition, the product of the present invention becomes extremely inexpensive by using originally discarded fruits or vegetables. Especially for vitamin C, since an artificially produced product (chemical preparation) is expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

  According to invention of Claim 4 or 5, the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with the temperature-controlled air, and it is made into the dried material of the said fruit or vegetable, The said dried material is mixed with the main material. When kneading under reduced pressure, fats and oils are soaked into the kneaded product, so that a very inexpensive feed can be obtained by using fruits or vegetables that are originally discarded. The effect on the meat quality is less as when only giving.

It is a whole block diagram of the feed production apparatus which concerns on embodiment of 2nd basic invention. It is explanatory drawing of a dryer, Comprising: (a) is a whole block diagram, (b) is a partial block diagram. It is process drawing of the feed production method which concerns on embodiment of 2nd basic invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the carbohydrate content of feed, and evaluation. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the age of a cow, and content of the carbohydrate in feed. It is a whole lineblock diagram of a feed production device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of a kneading machine, Comprising: (a) is a whole block diagram, (b) is a partial block diagram. It is process drawing of the feed production method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the quantity of the vitamin C in the blood of the individual numbers 1-3. It is a graph which shows the quantity of vitamin C in the blood of individual number 4-6. It is a graph which shows the quantity of the vitamin C in the blood of individual number 7-9. It is a graph which shows the quantity of vitamin C in the blood of individual number 10-12. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 1. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 1. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 2. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 2. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 3. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 3. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 4. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 4. It is a photograph which shows the flesh quality of individual number 5. It is a photograph which shows the flesh quality of individual number 6. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 7. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 7. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 8. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 8. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 9. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 9. It is a photograph which shows the flesh quality of individual number 10. It is a photograph which shows the flesh quality of individual number 11. It is a photograph (1/2) which shows the flesh quality of individual number 12. It is a photograph (2/2) showing the meat quality of individual number 12.

(Embodiment 1)
As described above, many fruits such as apples produced in Japan and bananas imported from abroad are discarded without being used for reasons of appearance, for example. Such fruits are known to contain a large amount of carbohydrates, vitamin C and vitamin B1.

  Therefore, the present inventor first pays attention to the fruit as a feed raw material, and in order to solve the problems in the first basic invention, in the second basic invention, the fruit juice is added to the feed to be fed to the cow. In addition, the amount of sugar contained in the juice was adjusted according to the age of the cow.

  That is, at the age of about 8 to 10 months (hereinafter referred to as the first half) corresponding to 60 days from the time of introduction of the cow, the more sugar contained in the feed to be given to the cow, the better the palatability and the appetite of the cow. Evaluating the feed from both the positive side of improving and the negative side of causing abnormalities in the rumen wall, etc., and eventually making it difficult for the carbohydrates to be absorbed from the capillaries. At the same time, after 22 months of age (hereinafter referred to as the latter half), the feed was evaluated mainly based on the effect on the meat quality.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the carbohydrate content of the feed and the evaluation. The circles in Fig. 4 are for the first half of the 90 cows given a feed amount of about 1.75% of their body weight, and the ● marks are the same for the second half. This is the case. The horizontal axis in FIG. 4 is a carbohydrate (% by weight) contained in the feed, and the vertical axis is the evaluation of the feed. As indicated by the circles in FIG. 4, when the carbohydrate content of the first half of the feed is less than 1.5% by weight, the palatability is poor and it takes about 40 minutes to complete the meal, which is a bad evaluation. When the carbohydrate content of the feed is 1.5% by weight, it takes about 30 to 40 minutes to complete the meal, which is a normal evaluation. When the saccharide content of the feed is 2.0% by weight, the palatability is good, so the food is completely eaten in 15 to 20 minutes, which is a good evaluation. When the carbohydrate content of the feed is 3.0% by weight, the evaluation is normal, and when the carbohydrate content of the feed is 4.5% by weight, the rumen wall is abnormal. Yes.

  If the carbohydrate content of the latter half of the feed is less than 1.5% by weight, it is bad evaluation, but if the carbohydrate content of the feed is 1.5% by weight, so-called marbling good meat quality can be obtained. It is a good evaluation. When the carbohydrate content of the feed is 2.5% by weight, the evaluation is normal, and when the carbohydrate content of the feed is 4.5% by weight, the meat quality is affected. ing. In the hot summer and severe cold winter, the palatability is poor, but as before, the first half of the feed has a carbohydrate content of 2.0% by weight, and the latter half The carbohydrate content of the feed was 1.5% by weight, which was the best evaluation.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the age of cattle and the content of carbohydrates in the feed. The vertical axis in FIG. 5 is the amount of carbohydrate (% by weight) contained in the feed, and the horizontal axis is the age of the cow. Here, based on the evaluation results of FIG. 4, as shown by the thick line in FIG. 5, in the first half, a feed having a carbohydrate content of 2% by weight is given almost every day to increase the weight gain by increasing the appetite of cattle. On the other hand, in the second half, priority was given to obtaining so-called marbling-quality meat by giving a feed with a sugar content of 1.5% by weight for about 4 to 6 days a month. In addition, since feed (conventional feed) with a carbohydrate content of 0% by weight is given between the first half and the second half, the feed is switched at those points.

  Among fruits, for example, peeled bananas, pineapples, etc. contain only a lot of sugar, and for example, papaya, mango, mandarin orange, apples, etc. contain a lot of vitamin B1 in addition to sugars, such as eggplant (Yuzu), kiwi fruit, lemon and the like are known to contain a lot of vitamin C in addition to carbohydrates. The same applies to vegetables. For example, garlic and asparagus are known to contain a large amount of vitamin B1 and vitamin C. Table 1 is an excerpt of the ingredients of vegetables and fruits from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology published and the 5th Japanese Food Standard Composition Table.

In Table 1, since values are shown for raw vegetables and fruits (only edible parts), this is not necessarily true for the vegetables and fruits contained in the feed that is the product of the present invention. This is because waste and vegetables and fruits contain many parts that are not originally edible, and the conditions are greatly different, such as adopting mechanical drying in the production process described later. Therefore, the present inventor requested the Japan Food Analysis Center to analyze the components of the dried vegetables and dried fruits produced under different conditions, and summarized the results of component analysis of the dried vegetables and dried fruits in Table 2. It was.

In Table 2, the cocoon skin is 0.09 (mg / 100 g) (equivalent to 360 (IU)) of vitamin B1 and 229 (mg / 100 g) (equivalent to 916,000 (IU)) of vitamin C. In the dried cocoon obtained by mechanically drying this cocoon skin (drying with warm air by a dryer described later), vitamin C is 300 (mg / 100 g) (equivalent to 1200,000 (IU)), and vitamin C is outstanding. Shows a high number. When the garlic buds were mechanically dried, vitamin B1 was 0.65 (mg / 100 g) (equivalent to 2,600 (IU)), and vitamin C was 54 (mg / 100 g) (216,000 (IU)). Equivalent)) and shows high values for both vitamin B1 and vitamin C. When the garlic buds were dried in the sun, vitamin B1 was 0.59 (mg / 100 g) (corresponding to 2,360 (IU)), vitamin C was 1 (mg / 100 g) (4,000 (IU Thus, vitamin B1 shows the next highest numerical value, and vitamin C shows a lower numerical value, but the manufacturing cost can be kept lower than mechanical drying. The analysis method is a high performance liquid chromatographic method in which vitamin B1 is measured as thiamine hydrochloride, and (total) vitamin C is measured as total ascorbic acid after being derivatized with hydrazine.

  Vitamin B1 affects appetite and vitamin C affects meat quality. Therefore, when the carbohydrate content in FIG. 5 is 2.0% by weight, the content ratio of vitamin B1 and vitamin C is set to 4: 1 to further increase the appetite of the cow and the carbohydrate content is 1 When the content was 5% by weight, the content ratio of vitamin B1 and vitamin C was set to 3: 7, so that a better quality meat was obtained. Adjustment of the content ratio of vitamin B1 and vitamin C is performed according to the type and amount of vegetables and fruits 2 to be used. For this purpose, dry products (described later) made from different types of vegetables and fruits were mixed appropriately. In this way, the ratio of vitamin B1 and vitamin C contained in the juice of vegetables and fruits 2 was also changed according to the age of the cow.

  Hereinafter, a comparative test between a feed according to an embodiment of the second basic invention (hereinafter referred to as Embodiment 1) and a conventional feed was performed. Table 3 shows blood test results when cattle are raised in a control plot using conventional feed, and Table 4 shows blood test results when cattle are raised in a test plot using feed according to Embodiment 1. Here, the total weight of feed fed to cattle is the same. In addition, the blood test results are arbitrarily plotted from the results of a large number of cattle in the animal medicine laboratory of the Hokkaido Ashoro Agricultural Cooperative.

In Table 3, for example, “vs. 1” is a cow that has just been introduced into the control group (at the time of introduction), has a age of 9.8, and has a body weight of 360 (kg). According to a blood test, vitamin A is 68.02 (IU) and β-carotene is 302.63 (IU). “Pair 2” is a cow before 60 days have passed since the introduction (before switching), the age is 10.8, and the body weight is 388 (kg). According to a blood test, vitamin A is 53.79 (IU) and β-carotene is 297.85 (IU).

  That is, from the time of introduction of the cow to before switching, the body weight increases by 28 (kg), vitamin A decreases by 14.23 (IU), and β-carotene acting as vitamin A in the body of the cow is 4.78. (IU) was found to decrease (β-carotene is grasped by the blood concentration of cattle). When this β-carotene is decreased, vitamin A may be deficient, particularly during cattle breeding, which may cause problems such as decreased body weight gain. The decrease in vitamin A is considered to be caused by stress at the time of introduction of the cow. Hereinafter, the relationship between “pair 3” and “pair 4”, the relationship between “pair 5” and “pair 6”,..., The relationship between “pair 15” and “pair 16” is substantially the same.

In Table 4, for example, “Trial 1” is a cow that has just been introduced into the test zone (at the time of introduction), has an age of 8.7, and has a weight of 331 (kg). According to a blood test, vitamin A is 99.81 (IU) and β-carotene is 76.39 (IU). “Trial 2” is a cow before 60 days have passed since the introduction (before switching), the age of the month is 10.7, and the weight is 416 (kg). According to the blood test, vitamin A is 43.67 (IU) and β-carotene is 318.82 (IU).

  That is, from the time of introduction of the cow to before switching, the body weight has increased by 85 (kg) and vitamin A has decreased by 56.14 (IU), but β-carotene acting as vitamin A in the body of the cow is Since it is increased by 242.43 (IU), it is understood that vitamin A is not deficient particularly during the breeding of cattle, and there is no risk of causing problems such as decreased body weight gain. The decrease in vitamin A is considered to be caused by stress at the time of introduction of the cow. Hereinafter, the relationship between “Trial 3” and “Trial 4”, the relationship between “Trial 5” and “Trial 6”, and the relationship between “Trial 15” and “Trial 16” are almost the same.

  Thereby, in the feed which concerns on this Embodiment 1, while containing the saccharide | sugar of the juice made from vegetables and fruits, vitamin C or vitamin B1, and adjusting those contents according to the age of the cow, If we continue to give cows a large amount of carbohydrates, they will eventually cause problems in the rumen wall, making it difficult for the carbohydrates to be absorbed from the capillaries. Can increase weight and reduce appetite and affect meat quality. In addition, by using the originally discarded vegetables and fruits, the cost becomes extremely low. Especially for vitamin C and vitamin B1, since artificially produced ones are very expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a feed production apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the dryer 7, wherein (a) is an overall configuration diagram and (b) is a partial configuration diagram. Hereinafter, the apparatus 1 to which the feed production method according to the first embodiment can be applied will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the feed production apparatus 1 produces a product 9 as feed according to the first embodiment. The feed production apparatus 1 is a juice from a plurality of types of vegetables and fruits (raw materials A, B, and C) 2. A juicer mixer 3a or squeezing machine 3b for producing juice, a plurality of dedicated tanks (tanks A, B, C) 4 for storing the juice produced by the juicer mixer 3a or squeezing machine 3b, respectively, and each dedicated tank 4 A sugar meter 5 or a stirrer (not shown) as means for adsorbing the adsorbent 6 on the adsorbent 6 in a state in which the stored juice is adjusted to have a content of carbohydrate, vitamin C or vitamin B1 according to the age of the cow. And a drier 7 that produces a dried product 8 by drying the adsorbent 6 adsorbing the juice with hot air. Each element is appropriately connected by a transfer conveyor, a piping line, or the like according to the transfer target.

  As raw material A of vegetables and fruits 2, for example, bananas with skin, pineapples and other carbohydrates are high, and as raw material B, for example, garlic, asparagus, papaya, mango, mandarin oranges, apples and other vitamin B1 rich substances, As the raw material C, for example, among those having a large amount of vitamin C such as kiwifruit and lemon, those which are out of the standard for distribution as commercial products are used. Since these vegetables and fruits 2 all contain the amount of sugar required for cattle, they have good palatability like sugar.

  Therefore, when the feed containing the juice made from the vegetables and fruits 2 is given when the cow's appetite is poor, the cow eats the feed and can easily eliminate the loss of appetite. Moreover, by using non-standard vegetables and fruits 2 that are originally discarded, the price becomes extremely low. As a material for judging whether the palatability is good or bad, according to the comparison results in Tables 1 and 2 above, a feed amount of about 1.75% of the body weight was given to cows of about 8 to 10 months of age. As described above, when the palatability is poor, it takes about 40 minutes, and when it is normal, it takes about 30-40 minutes. When the palatability is good, it is found that the meal is completed in about 15-20 minutes. However, the trend is almost the same in the hot summer and the cold winter, although it takes longer.

  As the juicer mixer 3a, the one provided with a multistage rotating blade in a cylindrical container with a lid so as to be replaceable is used. For example, with a peeled banana, four normal rotating blades are used, and with a pineapple, six stable rotating blades are used. As the squeezing machine 3b, there is used a multi-stage roller pair in an inverted frustoconical container with a lid, and each roller gap can be adjusted independently according to the variety and size of the vegetable / fruit 2.

  The dedicated tank 4 includes three sub-tanks (first, second, and third sub-tanks 4a to 4c) each having a cylindrical container with a lid, of which the first and second sub-tanks 4a and 4b are The juice can be stored refrigerated. This is because there is a risk of alteration when the storage temperature changes. The first sub tank 4a exclusively stores the juice made by the juicer mixer 3a or the like. The second sub tank 4b is provided with a sugar content meter 5, and the sugar content can be adjusted by adding about 1/3 of water to the juice introduced from the first sub tank 4a in the container. The third sub tank 4c is provided with a stirrer (not shown), and the juice introduced from the second sub tank 4b is appropriately showered while the adsorbent 6 is put in the container and stirred, so that the juice is removed. It is made to adsorb | suck to the adsorbent 6. FIG.

  As the adsorbent 6, rice bran or wheat bran is used. These are the parts of the skin that are removed from wheat, etc. (outer skin and germ), which have been mainly used as cattle feed in Japan, but are rich in fiber and minerals in addition to starch and protein. It is known that

  As the dryer 7, a dryer that uses only temperature-controlled air is used. Specifically, in FIG. 2A, the dryer 7 has a semi-cylindrical conveyance path 72 that is a so-called “jigazaku” from an inlet 711 at the upper right of the box 71 toward an outlet 712 at the lower left. A so-called conveyor system is adopted. Then, when the adsorbent 6 is introduced from the inlet 711, after passing through the transport path 72, it returns to the original inlet 711 repeatedly for a set time by a timer (not shown), and then sequentially exits from the outlet 712. It has become. In order to prevent the adsorbent 6 passing through the conveyance path 72 from dropping out of the conveyance path 72 at the folded portion at the end thereof, a baffle plate 76 is disposed at an appropriate position in the box 71.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the conveyance path 72 is composed of a mesh-shaped and semi-circular body 721 and a mesh-shaped and flat lid 722, and in the vicinity of the inlet 711 in the uppermost stage. Then, the convex surface of the main body 721 faces downward, and the lid 722 stands upright so that the upper side of the main body 721 is open. Therefore, the adsorbent 6 is introduced from the upper side of the main body 721. When the main body 721 is dropped to the next stage, the lid 722 falls into the open portion of the main body 721, closes it, and a lock (not shown) is applied. Therefore, even if the convex surface of the main body 721 faces upward, the adsorbent 6 does not jump out of the main body 721 and repeats upside down. Then, in the vicinity of the outlet 712 in the lowermost step, the convex surface of the main body 721 faces upward, the lock is released, and the lid 722 hangs down, so that the lower side of the main body 721 is opened, and the adsorbent 6 is removed. It is to be paid out. The mesh between the main body 721 and the lid 722 is set slightly smaller than the size of the adsorbent 6.

  A heating unit 73 that generates hot air is disposed outside the box 71. The heating unit 73 includes an electric heater 731 and a blower 732. The outside air sucked from the duct 79 is heated by the electric heater 731 to be warm air, and the warm air is pumped by the blower 732 to be sent into the box 71 through the duct 77. Yes. The adsorbent 6 passing through the conveyance path 72 is heated by the hot air sent into the box 71 and the hot air is further circulated by returning it from the box 71 to the heating unit 73 via the duct 78. It has become.

  The circulating hot air is agitated by a fan 74 disposed at an appropriate location such as in the box 71 and the electric heater of the heating unit 73 is controlled by a controller (not shown) based on a temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor 75. By controlling the temperature of the fan 74 together with 731 and the blower 732, the temperature in the box 71 can be maintained in the range of 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. By such various devices, the dryer 7 was able to have a compact configuration with excellent drying efficiency.

  Here, the temperature of the air for drying is set to 80 ° C. or higher because if the temperature is lower than that temperature, the drying time of the adsorbent 6 becomes longer and the production efficiency is lowered. This is because it is almost impossible to expect and the storage stability of the product 9 is extremely deteriorated.

  The reason why the temperature of the drying air is set to 90 ° C. or less is that when the temperature is higher than that, vitamin C or vitamin B1 contained in the adsorbent 6 is easily broken, and the yield of the product 9 is reduced.

  Therefore, by keeping the temperature of the air for drying substantially constant, the drying time of the adsorbent 6 can be shortened, the production efficiency can be improved, and the sterilization can be sufficiently performed. Moreover, vitamin C or vitamin B1 contained in the adsorbent 6 can be made difficult to break, and the yield can be increased. As a result, the production cost of the feed is greatly reduced, and moisture is removed from the adsorbent 6 on which the juice is adsorbed to about 11% by weight, so that the preservability of the adsorbent 6 is good. Become.

  Subsequently, a schematic operation of the feed production apparatus 1 will be described. In addition, this production method is embodied through this operation. FIG. 3 is a process diagram thereof.

  In FIG. 3, first, a juice containing only a saccharide is obtained by applying raw material A such as a peeled banana, pineapple, etc., to the juicer mixer 3 a among the vegetables and fruits 2. Further, by applying the raw material B such as garlic, asparagus, papaya, mango, mandarin orange and apple to the squeezing machine 3b, a juice containing a large amount of vitamin B1 in addition to the sugar can be obtained. Furthermore, by applying the raw material C such as kiwifruit and lemon to the squeezing machine 3b, a juice containing a lot of vitamin C in addition to the saccharide is obtained (step S1). Here, the skin of the pineapple that becomes the residue of the raw material A is separated from the juice and discarded, but the squeezed waste of the raw materials B and C is collected in a storage container (not shown) to be used separately.

  The juice obtained in step S1 is stored in the first sub tank 4a of the dedicated tank 4 (step S2). However, when storing the soup for a long period of time, it is preferable to store it in a refrigerator to prevent its alteration. The juice stored in the first sub-tank 4a of each dedicated tank 4 in step S2 is then transferred to the second sub-tank 4b, and the sugar content meter 5 is set so that the sugar content corresponds to the age of the cow. The sugar content is adjusted by adding water while watching (step S3). The juice with the sugar content adjusted is further transferred to the third sub tank 4c and mixed with the powdered adsorbent 6 prepared separately while being agitated with a stirrer (not shown) to be adsorbed on the adsorbent 6 ( Step S4).

  The adsorbent 6 on which the juice is adsorbed in step S4 is put in a dryer 7 and dried with warm air to produce a dried product 8 (step S5). Here, also about the squeezed residue collected in the storage container, the water content is adjusted by adding water while looking at a sugar meter (not shown), and then put into a dryer 7 and dried in warm air to produce a dried product 8 And These dried products 8 are appropriately mixed to form a final product (feed) 9 (step S6).

  According to the feed production apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, juice of vegetables and fruits 2 containing sugar and vitamin C or vitamin B1 is produced, and the produced juice is stored in a dedicated tank 4. The soup stored in the dedicated tank 4 is adsorbed by a separately prepared adsorbent 6 in a state adjusted so as to have a carbohydrate content according to the age of the cow, and the adsorbed adsorbed by the soup The material 6 is dried only with temperature-controlled air. As a result, by using vegetables and fruits that were originally discarded, a very inexpensive feed can be obtained. By giving this feed to cattle, as described above, the anorexia of cattle can be continuously resolved. As well as achieving a steady weight gain, good meat quality can be obtained.

(Embodiment 2)
By the way, in the said Embodiment 1, although the saccharide | sugar, vitamin B1, and vitamin C etc. are referred widely, this inventor pays attention to the quantity of the remarkable vitamin C contained in the eggplant, Further research on feed was conducted, and the results were described here as an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiment 2).

  Here, it is known that most of vitamin C fed to ruminants such as cows is decomposed and excreted in the ruminant stomach. In other words, vitamin C fed beyond being accumulated in the liver is completely wasted. As a result of experiments using various chemical preparations, the amount of excretion does not change much until the daily amount of vitamin C is about 10 to 30 mg per cow, but per day per cow. It is said that the amount of excretion suddenly increases when the amount of vitamin C is 60 mg. However, instead of chemical preparations, when using natural vitamin C-containing fruits and vegetables (especially coconuts that are normally non-standard wastes etc.) or about the effect on actual meat quality of cattle unknown.

  Therefore, the present inventor, when using fruit coconut (Dried coconut in Table 2: Vitamin C content is 300 mg / 100 g), the daily amount of vitamin C to be fed per cow is calculated. 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, etc., respectively, as well as conducting preliminary surveys in which these cows were intermittently fed at a pace of 2 to 3 days a week, and the same applies when using chemical preparations for comparison Based on these results, the daily amount of vitamin C per cow is 0 mg without any vitamin C, and the excretion of 30 mg is considered to begin to change. The excretion amount is set at 3 levels with 60 mg considered to be the peak, and the feed containing fruit cocoons instead of chemical preparations corresponds to the fattening period (late stage) of cattle Age 17 to be intermittently salary at the pace of the week for three days in the order of 27 May, was investigated for impact on the meat quality of the actual cow.

  Tables 5 to 8 show the relationship between vitamin C and meat quality contained in cattle feed in individual numbers 1 to 3, 4 to 6, 7 to 9 and 10 to 12, respectively. It was renumbered when summarizing the invention and is different from the solid number under test). Hundreds of thousands of cattle are rated at the Japan Meat Rating Association, Kakogawa Works, and in the vast reports of blood tests conducted at the Obihiro Clinical Laboratory Center, etc. These are extracted and collected appropriately from those other than those indicating the maximum value and the minimum value. The grade (rating) is indicated by a combination of the yield grade and the meat quality grade (hereinafter referred to as the standards of the Japan Meat Rating Association).

  Yield grade A has a partial meat yield better than the standard, yield grade B has a standard partial meat yield, and yield class C has a partial meat yield inferior to the standard.

  Meat quality grade 5 is that there is a lot of fat crossing in the longest breast muscle of the chest and the dorsal spine and cranial spinal muscles, that the meat color and gloss are quite good, that the tightening is quite good, that the texture is quite fine, fat color, gloss And the quality is pretty good. Meat quality grade 4 is that there is a little fat crossing in the longest chest muscle and dorsal spine and cranial spinal muscles, slightly good flesh and luster, slightly tight, slightly fine texture, fat color, gloss And the quality is a little better. Meat quality grade 3 is standard for fat crossing in the longest chest muscle and dorsal and cephalic muscles, standard in flesh and luster, standard in firmness and texture, fat color, luster and quality. It is a standard one. Meat quality class 2 is slightly less crossed in the longest chest muscle and the dorsal and cephalic muscles, the meat color and luster conform to the standard, the tightening and texture conform to the standard, the fat color, luster and The quality conforms to the standard. Meat quality grade 1 is that there is almost no fat crossing in the longest breast muscle and dorsal and spinal muscles, poor meat color and luster, poor tightness or coarse texture, fat color, luster and quality. It is inferior.

In Table 5, the classification of the individual number 1 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the rating of the grade is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 498 kg, the breast longest muscle area is 57 cm ² , the rose thickness is 8.8 cm, the subcutaneous fat thickness is 3.0 cm, and the yield standard value is 71.7. Also, meat quality BMS (beef marbling standard indicating so-called “marbling”) is 4, marbling grade is 3, BCS (beef color standard) is 4, gloss is 4, its grade is 4, tightening Is 4, the texture is 3, its grade is 3, BFS (beef fat color standard) is 3, its gloss and quality is 4, its grade is 4. The supply amount of vitamin C per cow per day is 0 mg, but here, the value when garlic is used (the supply amount of vitamin C is substantially 0 mg) is shown. When the blood test was performed, the cow's age was 24.7, the vitamin C was 0.04 mg / dl,..., The age was 26, and the vitamin C was 0.05 mg / dl,.

The type of the individual number 2 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the grade is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 526 kg, the chest longest muscle area is 47 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 7.0 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 1.8 cm, and the yield standard value is 70.0. The fleshy BMS is 3, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 3, the grade is 3, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 0 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 24.2 months old, vitamin C was 0.04 mg / dl,..., 25 months old, vitamin C was 0.05 mg / dl,.

The type of the individual number 3 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the rating of the grade is C-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 534 kg, the longest breast muscle area is 47 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 7.5 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.4 cm, and the yield standard value is 68.7. The fleshy BMS is 4, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 3, the grade is 3, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 5, the grade is 5. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 0 mg. At the age of 25 when the blood test was conducted, vitamin C was 0.07 mg / dl,..., And at age 26, vitamin C was 0.05 mg / dl,. The partition unit price and sales per head are shown for reference.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing the amount of vitamin C in the blood when the daily feed amount per cow is 0 mg. Here, the abscissa indicates the age of the cow, the ordinate indicates the amount of vitamin C, and in the figure, ◯ indicates the individual number 1, △ indicates the individual number 2, and X indicates the individual number 3. . Here, the age of 17 to 27 is taken into consideration when the sashimi in which the fat portion is dispersed in the lean portion of the cow enters. In the presence of vitamin C, this sashi becomes smaller when calories are increased, and a marbling portion is formed. From FIG. 9, even when the daily supply to each cow is 0 mg, vitamin C in the blood is not 0 mg / dl. This is thought to be due to vitamin C produced in the bovine body. However, vitamin C deficiency is clear by itself.

  FIGS. 13 to 18 are photographs showing the influence on meat quality when the daily feed amount per cow is 0 mg, and all show the sixth and seventh intercostal incision planes of the cow (hereinafter referred to as “cutting surface”). The same is true for the photos in). Here, white is a fat portion, black is a red portion, and black and white are mixed. In Table 5 above, the grades are B-3, B-3, and C-3, but the yield and meat quality corresponding to these are shown.

In Table 6, the classification of the individual number 4 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the grade rating is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 565 kg, the longest breast muscle area is 57 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 7.7 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.0 cm, and the yield standard value is 70.2. The fleshy BMS is 3, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 3, the grade is 3, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 30 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 24.4 months old, the vitamin C was 0.22 mg / dl,..., The age was 25, and the vitamin C was 0.16 mg / dl,.

The type of the individual number 5 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the grade is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 550 kg, the longest breast muscle area is 52 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 8.3 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.8 cm, and the yield standard value is 69.4. The fleshy BMS is 3, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 3, the grade is 3, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 30 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow's age was 23.3, vitamin C was 0.27 mg / dl,..., The age was 24, and vitamin C was 0.13 mg / dl,.

The type of the individual number 6 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the rating of the grade is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 528 kg, the longest breast muscle area is 57 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 8.1 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.0 cm, and the yield standard value is 70.9. The fleshy BMS is 4, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 3, the gloss is 4, the grade is 4, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4 and its grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow of 30 is 30 mg. When the blood test was performed, the age of the cow was 23.6, vitamin C was 0.2 mg / dl,..., Age 25, and vitamin C was 0.12 mg / dl,. The partition unit price and sales per head are shown for reference.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the amount of vitamin C in the blood when the daily feed amount per cow is 30 mg. Here, the abscissa indicates the age of the cow, the ordinate indicates the amount of vitamin C, and in the figure, ◯ indicates the individual number 4, △ indicates the individual number 5, and X indicates the individual number 6. . From Fig. 10, when the daily feed per cow is 30 mg, the amount of vitamin C in the blood decreases as the age increases, but this is the one that captured the largest fluctuation value. However, until then, although it fluctuates somewhat, it is almost the value before the fluctuation.

  19 to 22 are photographs showing the influence on meat quality when the daily feed amount per cow is 30 mg. In Table 6 above, the grades are B-3, B-3, and B-3, but the yield and meat quality corresponding to these are shown.

In Table 7, the classification of the individual number 7 is a hybrid, a gender, and a rating of A-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 487 kg, the breast longest muscle area is 68 cm ² , the rose thickness is 8.5 cm, the subcutaneous fat thickness is 3.5 cm, and the yield standard value is 72.6. The fleshy BMS is 4, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 4, the grade is 4, the tightness is 4, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 5, the grade is 5. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cattle age was 24.7, vitamin C was 0.14 mg / dl,..., And the age was 26, and vitamin C was 0.12 mg / dl,.

The classification of the individual number 8 is a hybrid, a gender, and a grade of B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 487 kg, the longest breast muscle area is 58 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 8.0 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.2 cm, and the yield standard value is 71.3. The fleshy BMS is 4, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 4, the grade is 4, the tightness is 3, the texture is 4, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 25.6 months old, vitamin C was 0.28 mg / dl,..., 27 months old, vitamin C was 0.08 mg / dl,. The partition unit price and sales per head are shown for reference.

The classification of the individual number 9 is a hybrid, a gender, and a grade of C-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 631 kg, the breast longest muscle area is 52 cm ² , the rose thickness is 8.5 cm, the subcutaneous fat thickness is 3.6 cm, and the yield standard value is 68.6. The fleshy BMS is 3, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 3, the grade is 3, the tightness is 3, the texture is 3, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 24.2 months old, vitamin C was 0.14 mg / dl,..., 25 months old, vitamin C was 0.05 mg / dl,. The partition unit price and sales per head are shown for reference.

  FIG. 11 is a graph showing the amount of vitamin C in the blood when the daily supply to each cow is 60 mg. Here, the abscissa indicates the age of the cow, the ordinate indicates the amount of vitamin C, and in the figure, ◯ indicates individual number 7, △ indicates individual number 8, and X indicates individual number 9. . From Fig. 11, the amount of vitamin C in the blood drops as the age increases even when the daily feed per cow is 60 mg. This is the one that captured the largest fluctuation value. However, until then, although it fluctuates somewhat, it is almost the value before the fluctuation.

  FIG. 23 to FIG. 28 are photographs showing the influence on meat quality when the daily feed amount per cow is 60 mg. In Table 7 above, the grades are A-3, B-3, and C-3, but the yield and meat quality corresponding to these are shown.

In Table 8, the type of the individual number 10 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the rating of the grade is B-3. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 532 kg, the chest longest muscle area is 55 cm ² , the rose thickness is 8.0 cm, the subcutaneous fat thickness is 3.0 cm, and the yield standard value is 70.5. The fleshy BMS is 4, the marbling grade is 3, the BCS is 3, the gloss is 4, the grade is 4, the tightness is 3, the texture is 4, the grade is 3, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 5, the grade is 5. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow's age was 23.2, vitamin C was 0.22 mg / dl,..., The age was 24, and vitamin C was 0.08 mg / dl,.

The classification of the individual number 11 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the grade is B-4. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 572 kg, the chest longest muscle area is 60 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 8.8 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 2.5 cm, and the yield standard value is 71.6. The fleshy BMS is 5, the marbling grade is 4, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 4, the grade is 4, the tightness is 4, the texture is 4, the grade is 4, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 4, the grade is 4. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 23.1 months old, vitamin C was 0.2 mg / dl,..., 24 months old, and vitamin C was 0.04 mg / dl,.

The type of the individual number 12 is a hybrid, the sex is a castration, and the grade rating is B-4. Specifically, the carcass weight of the yield is 532 kg, the breast longest muscle area is 62 cm ² , the thickness of the rose is 8.2 cm, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat is 3.5 cm, and the yield standard value is 71.1. The fleshy BMS is 6, the marbling grade is 4, the BCS is 4, the gloss is 5, the grade is 5, the tightness is 4, the texture is 4, the grade is 4, and the BFS is 3. Gloss and quality are 5, the grade is 5. The daily supply of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg. When the blood test was performed, the cow was 22.8 months old, vitamin C was 0.11 mg / dl,..., 24 months old, vitamin C was 0.06 mg / dl,. Vitamin C is 0.05 mg / dl,.

  FIG. 12 is a graph showing the amount of vitamin C in the blood when the daily feed amount per cow is 60 mg. Here, the horizontal axis represents the age of the cow, the vertical axis represents the amount of vitamin C, and in the figure, ◯ indicates the individual number 10, Δ indicates the individual number 11, and X indicates the individual number 12. . From Fig. 12, the amount of vitamin C in the blood decreases as the age increases even when the daily feed per cow is 60 mg. This is the one that captured the largest fluctuation value. However, until then, although it fluctuates somewhat, it is almost the value before the fluctuation.

  FIGS. 29-32 are photographs showing the influence on meat quality when the daily feed amount per cow is 60 mg. In Table 8 above, the grades are B-3, B-4, and B-4, but the yield and meat quality corresponding to these are shown.

Table 9 shows the daily salary assessment for each cow. Here, when the daily feed amount per cow is 0 mg, the solid number is 1 to 3, the type / sex is crossbred / castrated, the grade / rating is C-3 to B-3, Since the VC amount is 0.04 to 0.07 mg / dl, the meat quality (photo) is FIGS. 13 to 18 and the partition unit price is 1.55 to 1.65 k ¥, the evaluation is “normal”. In addition, the grade / rating, which is the evaluation by the Japan Meat Rating Association, is based only on the 6th and 7th intercostal incision planes of cattle, and may differ from the whole cattle assessment here ( The same applies hereinafter).

  When the daily feed amount per cow is 30 mg, the solid number is 4-6, the type / sex is crossbred / castrated, the grade / rating is all B-3, and the amount of VC in blood is 0.12. The evaluation is “good” because it is ˜0.27 mg / dl, the meat quality (photo) is FIGS. 19 to 22, and the partition unit price is 1.60 to 1.65 k ¥.

  If the daily feed amount per cow is 60 mg, the solid number is 7-9, the type / sex is a cross / female, the grade / rating is C-3 to A-3, and the amount of VC in the blood is Since 0.05 to 0.28 mg / dl, the meat quality (photograph) is FIGS. 23 to 28, and the partition unit price is 1.55 to 1.65 k ¥, the evaluation is “normal”.

  When the daily feed amount per cow is 60 mg, the solid number is 10-12, the type / sex is hybrid / castration, the grade / rating is B-3 to B-4, and the amount of VC in the blood is Since 0.04-0.22 mg / dl, the meat quality (photograph) is FIGS. 29-32, and the partition unit price is 1.65-1.83 k ¥, the evaluation is “best”.

  FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of the feed production apparatus 1a according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the kneading machine 10, where (a) is an overall configuration diagram and (b) is a partial configuration diagram. Hereinafter, the apparatus 1a to which the feed production method according to the second embodiment is applicable will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 6, this feed production apparatus 1a produces the product 9 as the feed according to the second embodiment, and the squeezed residue when the fruit cocoon (raw material C) is put on the squeezing machine 3b. As in the case of the first embodiment, a dryer 7 that produces a dried product 8 by drying with hot air controlled within a temperature range of 80 ° C. to 90 ° C., and the dried product 8 as a main material 8a. Mix rice bran and wheat bran (same as adsorbent 6 of embodiment 1 above) and knead under reduced pressure, soak white soybean oil (daizushi shimeji) as fat 8b in this kneaded product. A kneading machine 10 to be incorporated. In addition, soybean white squeezed oil means what refined soybean oil, and when it is given to cattle, a good effect can be expected.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the kneading machine 10 opens and closes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped vacuum vessel 101 and a ceiling portion of the vacuum vessel 101 so as to be able to be sealed, and a dried product 8 and a main material are contained therein. 8a can be charged, a screw 102 for mixing and kneading the dried product 8 and the main material 8a charged in the vacuum vessel 101, and the stirrer 103 is driven to rotate. Motor 104, vacuum pump 105 for depressurizing the inside of vacuum container 101, oil container 106 filled with viscous liquid oil 8b, oil pump 107 that sucks and pressurizes oil 8b from oil container 106, The oil spray nozzle 108 for intermittently spraying the oil 8b sucked and pressurized by the oil pump 107 on the left and right side surfaces in the vacuum container 10, and the bottom back of the vacuum container 101, the vacuum container 101 with lid Etc. and a rotary shaft 109 to be rotatable together with 02.

  In the kneading machine 10, as shown in FIG. 7B, before the kneading is started, the lid 102 is on the ceiling side of the vacuum vessel 101, the lid 102 is opened, and the vacuum vessel 101 is dried. The object 8 and the main material 8a can be input.

  Also, after the lid 102 is closed with the dried product 8 and the main material 8a being put into the vacuum vessel 101, the motor 104 of the stirrer 103, the vacuum pump 105, and the oil pump 107 are not shown. When the inside of the vacuum vessel 101 is depressurized by operating each of the above, the kneading of the dried product 8 and the main material 8a is started, and during the kneading, the oil 8b is sprayed intermittently from the oil spray nozzle 108. It is supposed to be. Here, the oil / fat 8b is sprayed during the kneading under reduced pressure so that the oil / fat 8b sprayed on the kneaded material does not interfere with the kneaded material soaking uniformly due to the presence of air. It is. In addition, the oil 8b is sprayed intermittently in consideration of the viscosity of the oil 8b in order to reduce the load on the oil pump 107 and prevent the oil spray nozzle 108 from being blocked.

  After the kneading is completed, the vacuum vessel 101 is rotated about the rotation shaft 109 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 7B so that the lid 102 comes to the bottom side of the vacuum vessel 101, and the lid 102 is opened to dry. The product 9, which is a kneaded product of the product 8, the main material 8 a, and the fat 8 b, drops by gravity and can be taken out from the vacuum vessel 101.

  Further, the vacuum vessel 101 from which the product 9 has been taken out is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 7B around the rotation shaft 109 so that the lid 102 comes to the ceiling side of the vacuum vessel 101 again. By returning to the state before the start of kneading, repeated work can be performed.

  The elements are appropriately connected by a transfer conveyor, a piping line, a flexible tube, or the like according to the transfer target. As the raw material C of the fruit 2, among the coconuts rich in vitamin C, those that are out of the standard for distribution as commercial products are used. Others are exactly the same as described above, and a detailed description is omitted.

  Subsequently, the schematic operation of the feed production apparatus 1a will be described. In addition, this production method is embodied through this operation. FIG. 8 is a process diagram thereof.

  In FIG. 8, firstly, the raw material C, which is the coconut of the fruit 2, is applied to the squeezing machine 3b, so that in addition to the useful juice (which itself has commercial value as a juice), squeezed waste that is essentially useless is obtained. (Step S11). Here, juice containing a large amount of vitamin C is useful, but if there is a surplus, it is collected in a dedicated tank (not shown), and a dried product 8 can be made in the same manner as in the first embodiment. .

  The squeezed residue obtained in step S11 is separated from useful juice and collected in the storage container 4d (step S12). The squeezed residue collected here is put in a dryer 7 and dried in warm air to produce a dried product 8 (step S13). As shown in Table 2, the amount of vitamin C contained in the dried product 8 made from the squeezed eggplant residue is 300 mg / 100 g.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, the kneading machine 10 has a lid 102 on the ceiling portion side of the vacuum vessel 101 before the start of kneading. The lid 102 is opened and a dried product is placed in the vacuum vessel 101. 8 and main material 8a are charged. At this time, the content of vitamin C is adjusted by adjusting the input amounts of the two (step S14).

  For example, when the amount of vitamin C per day per cow is 30 mg, the amount of vitamin C contained in the dried product 8 is 300 mg / 100 g. Can be calculated. The main material 8a may be added to the calculated amount of the dried product 8 so that the amount of feed per day per cow is obtained. In the case where the daily amount of vitamin C per cow is 60 mg, the amount of dry matter 8 required and the amount of the main material 8a to be added are similarly determined.

  Next, after the lid 102 of the vacuum vessel 101 is sealed, the switch is turned on. Since this switch is initially turned off, when it is turned on, the vacuum pump 105 is driven, the motor 104 of the stirrer 103 is driven, and the oil pump 107 is driven. Each driving time is set in advance by a timer (not shown). Then, in the vacuum vessel 101, the pressure is gradually reduced until a predetermined degree of vacuum is reached, and the mixture of the dried product 8 with the vitamin C content adjusted and the main material 8a is stirred under the reduced pressure. However, soybean kneaded oil as oil 8b is intermittently sprayed and absorbed in the kneaded product (step S15). In this way, the fats and oils 8b can be stably absorbed in the kneaded product of the dried product 8 and the main material 8a.

  As the timer expires, the oil pump 107 and the vacuum pump 105 are automatically stopped, but only the motor 104 of the agitator 103 is not stopped. At this time, the kneading operation while the oil 8b is sprayed on the mixture of the dried product 8 and the main material 8a is completed, and the final product (feed) 9 is created in the vacuum vessel 101 (step). S16).

  After completion of the kneading, the vacuum vessel 101 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 7B around the rotation shaft 109 so that the lid 102 comes to the bottom side of the vacuum vessel 101, and then the lid 102 is moved. Open. Then, only the drive of the motor 104 of the stirrer 103 is still continued, and the product 9 whose surface is wetted with the oil 9b is dropped by gravity as pushed by the stirrer 103. And the product 9 can be easily taken out from the inside of the vacuum vessel 101 by receiving it in a container or the like (not shown).

  Further, the vacuum vessel 101 from which the product 9 has been taken out is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 7B around the rotation shaft 109 so that the lid 102 comes to the ceiling side of the vacuum vessel 101 again. Return to the state before starting kneading. In this way, the product 9 can be made repeatedly. When all operations are finished, the drive of the motor 104 of the agitator 103 is also stopped by turning off the switch.

  According to the feed production apparatus 1a which concerns on this Embodiment 2, when the squeeze residue of the eggplant as the fruit 2 containing vitamin C is dried only with the temperature-controlled air, it becomes the dried product 8, and this dried product 8 Is mixed with the main material 8a is given to the cow, so the vitamin C, which is weak against heat, is dried almost without breaking and given to the cow. Less. Moreover, the product 9 is extremely inexpensive by using the squeezed eggplant waste that has been discarded. Especially for vitamin C, since an artificially produced product (chemical preparation) is expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

  In addition, since the fat 8b is soaked in the dry material 8 mixed with the main material 8a under reduced pressure, vitamin C is almost uniformly dispersed in the feed as the product 9, and the feed is fed to the cow. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the burden on the farmer who owns a large number of cattle compared to oral administration or the like of the chemical preparation separately from the feed for each cow. Moreover, water-soluble vitamin C is not decomposed in the rumen of cattle, and most of it is absorbed in the intestine and is likely to accumulate in the liver. Less.

  Furthermore, since the dried product 8 is mixed with the main material 8a so that the daily supply amount of vitamin C per cow is about 30 to 60 mg, the influence on the meat quality is further reduced.

  In the first embodiment, three types of raw materials A, B, and C are illustrated as the vegetables and fruits 2, but two or four or more types may be used. However, in that case, it is necessary to provide a dedicated tank 4 for each type of vegetable / fruit 2.

  In the first embodiment, the adsorbent 6 prepared separately is prepared in the three sub tanks of the dedicated tank 4 in a state in which the stored juice is adjusted so as to have an amount of carbohydrate corresponding to the age of the cow. Although the sugar content meter 5 and the stirrer (not shown) are appropriately equipped as means for adsorbing to the tank, such means may be provided separately from the dedicated tank 4.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 1, although it is supposed that one squeezing machine 3b is used with respect to multiple types of vegetables and fruits 2, you may provide the squeezing machine 3b for every kind of vegetables and fruits 2. FIG.

  In addition, in Embodiment 1 described above, the term “vitamin C or vitamin B1” in the juice of the vegetable / fruit 2 may be read as not only one of them but also both of them.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 2, although only the eggplant was illustrated as a fruit containing vitamin C, another fruit may be sufficient and also a vegetable may be sufficient.

  In the second embodiment, vitamin C is fed during the fattening period (second half) of the cow. However, even if it is fed with the carbohydrate (1.5% by weight) given to the cow in the same period in the first embodiment. It may be fed with vitamin B1 or the like. Further, as in Embodiment 1 above, it may be fed together with carbohydrates (2% by weight) given to cattle from the introduction to the 60th day (first half), or may be fed together with vitamin B1 and the like.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 2, the squeeze residue of the eggplant as the fruit 2 containing a vitamin C is dried, and this fat 8b is infiltrated while stirring this dried material 8 with a main material under reduced pressure, and is made into the last. Although the product 9 is used, the dried product 8 may be sold separately as an intermediate product.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 1, although the machine drying which dries only with air is employ | adopted in the production process, you may employ | adopt sun drying for the purpose of cost reduction. However, in the said Embodiment 2, since vitamin C becomes extremely few, sun drying was not employ | adopted.

1,1a Feed production equipment 2 Vegetables and fruits (raw materials A, B, C)
3a Juicer mixer 3b Squeezer 4 Dedicated tank (Tanks A, B, C)
4a 1st sub tank 4b 2nd sub tank 4c 3rd sub tank 4d Storage container 5 Sugar content meter 6 Adsorbent 7 Dryer 8 Dry matter 8a Main material 8b Fats and oils 9 Product (feed)
10 Kneading machine

Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-21006 JP 2001-95502 A

Bulletin of West Japan Livestock Society 51: 67-74, 2008 "Effects of Vitamin C and Supplemental Feeding on Carcass Development in Japanese Black Steers" Naoto Bando, et al.

The present invention relates to a method for producing feed, to a method for producing feed particularly given to the cows.

This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the production method of the feed which can continue giving to a cow cheaply.

By the way, if only the sugar is continuously given to the cow, there is a concern that the meat quality may be affected by the lack of vitamin C. In this regard, it has been clarified that vitamin C promotes the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes, and when a coated chemical preparation is fed in the middle of fattening, fat crossing, meat texture and tightening are improved, and fatty acid composition It has been reported that changes are seen in (see Non-Patent Document 1, for example). Here, the chemical preparation is coated so that water-soluble vitamin C is not prevented from being decomposed in the rumen of the cow and reaching the intestine. And the chemical preparation of vitamin C is expensive in production cost, but such vitamin C is also contained in cheap fruits and vegetables. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for producing feed given to cows, fruits or vegetables containing vitamin C, by drying only the air that has a temperature control, the fruit or vegetable dry matter and without the dried product When knead | mixing and knead | mixing with a main material, fats and oils are immersed in this kneaded material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to the present invention, a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air, so that the fruit or vegetable is dried, and the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is only temperature-controlled air. in by drying, since the name and dry matter of the fruit or vegetable, weak to heat vitamin C it is dried with almost no break. In addition, when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded, fats and oils are soaked in the kneaded product, so that vitamin C is almost uniformly dispersed in the feed together with the fats and oils, and only the feed is given to the cow. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the burden on farmers who have a large number of cattle compared to oral administration of chemical preparations separately from the feed for each cow. Moreover, due to the presence of fats and oils, water-soluble vitamin C is not decomposed in the rumen of cattle, and most of it is absorbed in the intestine and easily accumulates in the liver. The impact on is less. In addition, the product of the present invention becomes extremely inexpensive by using originally discarded fruits or vegetables. Especially for vitamin C, since an artificially produced product (chemical preparation) is expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

According to the present invention, a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air, so that the fruit or vegetable is dried, and the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is only temperature-controlled air. in by drying, since the name and dry matter of the fruit or vegetable, weak to heat vitamin C it is dried with almost no break. In addition, when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded, fats and oils are soaked in the kneaded product, so that vitamin C is almost uniformly dispersed in the feed together with the fats and oils, and only the feed is given to the cow. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the burden on farmers who have a large number of cattle compared to oral administration of chemical preparations separately from the feed for each cow. Moreover, due to the presence of fats and oils, water-soluble vitamin C is not decomposed in the rumen of cattle, and most of it is absorbed in the intestine and easily accumulates in the liver. The impact on is less. In addition, the product of the present invention becomes extremely inexpensive by using originally discarded fruits or vegetables. Especially for vitamin C, since an artificially produced product (chemical preparation) is expensive, the effect of cost reduction is great.

Claims (6)

Feed to cattle,
A fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C is dried only with temperature-controlled air to form a dried product of the fruit or vegetable, and this dried product is mixed with the main material and given to cows. feed.   The feed according to claim 1, wherein when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure, oil and fat are soaked in the kneaded product.   The dry matter is mixed with the main material so that the daily supply amount of vitamin C per cow is approximately 30 to 60 mg. Feed.   The feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fruit is an eggplant. A feed production device for cattle,
A dryer for drying a fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C by drying only with temperature-controlled air;
A feed production apparatus, comprising: a kneader for impregnating oil and fat into the kneaded product when the dried product is mixed with the main material and kneaded under reduced pressure. A method of producing feed for cattle,
By drying the fruit or vegetable containing vitamin C only with temperature-controlled air, the fruit or vegetable is dried.
A feed production method characterized in that when the dried product is mixed with a main material and kneaded under reduced pressure, oil and fat are soaked in the kneaded product.