JP3068692B2 - Feed containing casein phosphopeptide - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a feed containing casein phosphopeptide (CPP). More specifically, the present invention relates to a feed containing CPP, which contains one or more selected from the group consisting of oleanolic acid, ursonic acid, and betulinic acid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the livestock industry, to improve productivity,
Broilers, pigs, and the like are required to grow rapidly, and the growth of the increased bones cannot keep up, causing problems such as leg weakness and malformation. Calcium is supplied particularly for improving bone and eggshell quality, fortifying calcium in dairy cows, preventing bending of eels, and the like. However, poor utilization of calcium is a major problem.

[0003] In addition, with the spread of pet food in the pet industry in recent years, the life of pets has been extended, and therefore,
Diseases such as osteomalacia and osteoporosis, which are considered to be caused by deterioration of calcium availability over time, tend to increase. Furthermore has increased the percentage of rearing form of pets are kept only indoors, lack of exercise due to it, the synthesis of vitamin D ₃ for insufficient sunlight is inhibited, it becomes a cause of lowering the availability of calcium ing.

On the other hand, feed contains corn, wheat, etc. as carbohydrates, meatmeal, fishmeal, defatted soybeans, etc. as proteins, animal / vegetable fats as fats, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, etc. as fats. In general, for the purpose of improving the availability of calcium, it has been common to increase the amount of calcium absorbed by increasing the amount of calcium added or the form of the calcium salt to be fed.

[0005] However, oversupply of calcium
Decrease in protein availability (Goto, Nutrition and Food, VOL 32, 1
-11 (1979)) or reduced availability of other minerals (Naito, Journal of Japanese Society of Nutritional Foods, VOL. 39 , 433-4)
39 (1986)). CPP is a peptide having a high content of phosphorylated serine obtained by allowing a protease to act on milk casein (Naito, Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Science, VOL. 39 , 433-439).
(1986)). This CPP has a solubilizing effect on minerals such as calcium and iron, and is attracting attention as a substance that promotes the absorption of these minerals, and is widely used in the field of foods.

[0006] Recently, there has been a report that the absorption rate of calcium is improved by the interaction of calcium with CPP in livestock feed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-285158). Furthermore, in pregnant pigs, the addition of CPP is said to be effective in increasing the calcium content of sow's milk and for producing large-structured firm piglets (FEEDING, Vol. 31, 13).
No. 33 (1991)).

However, CPP is presumed to be easily dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase present in the mucosa in the small intestine, and the present inventors have actually confirmed the degradation (see Test Examples). Furthermore, it has been known that CPP dephosphorylated with a kind of phosphatase completely loses the solubilizing effect of minerals (Saito, Japan Food Science, VOL. 29 , 21-32).
(1990)), however, a method for preventing such enzymatic degradation is not yet known.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides
In a feed containing P, the enzymatic degradation is prevented,
An object is to provide a feed in which the mineral solubilizing effect of CPP is maintained.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted studies to find a substance that can prevent the dephosphorylation of CPP by alkaline phosphatase present in the small intestinal mucosa among substances that can be used in feed. As a result, they found that the plant components oleanolic acid, ursonic acid and betulinic acid were effective, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention comprises a feed containing CPP, which contains one or more selected from the group consisting of oleanolic acid, ursonic acid and betulinic acid. Oleanolic acid is a known substance represented by the structural formula (1) and contained in various plants. Olive leaves,
Free in assembly, clove, grape skin,
It exists as saponin in carrots, carrots, sugar beets, etc., and can also be obtained from acid hydrolysates.
Oleanolic acid has an anti-cancer effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, an anti-rheumatic effect, and an anti-diabetic effect (JP-A-55-12271).
5), inhibitory action on tumor promoter
19), a caries-preventing action (JP-A-61-36213) is already known, but an action of inhibiting the degradation of the CPP of the present invention by alkaline phosphatase is not known.

[0011]

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It is preferable that oleanolic acid be used in a feed containing CPP in an amount of about 0.001 to 50 times, particularly about 0.1 to 10 times, the weight of CPP. If the amount of oleanolic acid used is less than 0.001 times the weight of CPP, the effect of using oleanolic acid cannot be expected much, and if it is more than 50 times the weight, the cost of raw materials becomes too high. Absent.

Ursonic acid is represented by the structural formula (2) and is also known as ursolic acid and is a known substance contained in various plants. It is present in the spikelets of the Nepenthes japonicus, Pleurotus japonicus, Shazensou, apples, and various other fruits and wax-like substances on the surface of leaves. Ursonic acid has a caries-preventing action (JP-A-61-36213) and a carcinostatic action (JP-A-02-17).
121), and its use as an emulsifier is known,
The action of the CPP of the present invention to inhibit decomposition by alkaline phosphatase is not known.

[0014]

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[0015] Ursonic acid is used in a feed containing CPP in an amount of about 0.001 to 50 times by weight, especially about
It is preferable to use 0.1 to 10 times the weight. If the amount of ursonic acid is less than 0.001 times the weight of CPP, the effect of using ursonic acid cannot be expected much, and if it is more than 50 times, the cost of ursonic acid raw materials becomes too high. Not preferred.

Betulinic acid is a known substance represented by the structural formula (3) and contained in various plants. It is present on the seed of jujube jujube (sodium salt), the leaves of yamaboushi, the leaves of the genus Cajeput, and the like.

[0017]

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[0018] Betulinic acid is preferably used in a feed containing CPP in an amount of about 0.001 to 50 times by weight, particularly about 0.1 to 10 times by weight. Betulinic acid usage is CPP
If it is less than 0.001 times the weight, the effect of using betulinic acid cannot be expected, and if it is more than 50 times the weight, it is not economical. Generally, feed includes dry food having a water content of about 10%, semi-moist food having a water content of about 30%, and canned food having a water content of about 75%, but the present invention may be any of these types. In addition to these forms, feeds having any form such as tablet confectionery and tablets may be used.

The feed may be livestock feed such as cattle, pigs, horses, rabbits, etc .; poultry feed such as chickens, turkeys, quails; fish feed such as trout, carp, sweetfish, eel, red sea bream; dogs, cats , Monkeys, ornamental fish and other pet foods, insects, silkworms, zoo feeds, etc., and the present invention can be used for feeds for any of these uses. The feed itself contains some calcium and iron, but when calcium is fortified, the source of the calcium, whether natural or synthetic, is eggshell, animal bone,
Fish and shellfish bone, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, lime and the like can be used. The amount of calcium to be fortified is not particularly limited, and may be in a range required for nutrition in general feed. The calcium in the feed may be about 0.01 to 30%.

When iron is fortified, the source of iron, whether natural or synthetic, should be heme iron, iron sulfate, ferrous fumarate, iron sodium succinate citrate, iron DL-threonine, etc. Can be. The amount of iron to be fortified is not particularly limited, and may be in a range required for nutrition in general feed. That is, as the iron in the feed, 0.001
It may be about 0.5%.

[0021]

According to the present invention, in a feed containing CPP, CPP is not easily dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase present in the mucous membrane of the small intestine, and the action of solubilizing minerals possessed by CPP is maintained. Such feed is provided.

[0022]

The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to Test Examples and Examples. In the test examples and examples, CPP
Used CPP-III manufactured by Meiji Seika. Test Example 1 (Decomposition of CPP by alkaline phosphatase) 1 mg / m1 of CPP containing 5.5 mM magnesium chloride 55
Dissolved in mM Tris-HCl equilibration solution, added alkaline phosphatase derived from calf small intestine (Sigma), and added at 37 ° C for 2 hours.
It was kept warm for 0 minutes.

The degradation of CPP was quantified by measuring the absorbance of phosphoric acid dephosphorylated by phosphatase at 660 nm according to a modified method of Fiskesabarov (Ogawara, Uchino, J. Antibiotics, VOL. 38, 153-156).
(1985)). As a result, as shown in Table 1 below, the CP
A clear increase in phosphoric acid due to decomposition of P was observed.

Table 1 Amount of alkaline phosphatase added Amount of phosphoric acid generated Amount of enzyme (unit) Absorbance 660 nm ─ 00 0.2 0.605 0.6 0.911 1.0 1.106 1.5 1.230 3.0 1.238

As is apparent from these results, it is easily considered that CPP is enzymatically decomposed in the small intestine and its effect is lost. Test Example 2 (CPP degradation prevention effect of oleanolic acid, ursonic acid, and betulinic acid) In the method of Test Example 1, each of the above substances was added, and CPP was added.
50 of each substance of the degradation of alkaline phosphatase
The% inhibitory concentration was determined. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 50% inhibitory concentration Substance μg / ml @ oleanolic acid 70 ursonic acid 80 betulin Acid 270

Example 1 Corn 32 parts by weight Wheat flour 30 Defatted soybean 15 Meat meal 10 Chicken meal 5 Bran 5 Vitamin / mineral mix 1 CPP 0.5 Oleanolic acid 0.5

A composition comprising the above components is mixed and pulverized,
The particles were sized using a sieve having an opening of 1 mm. Water was added to the obtained composition so as to be about 27% by weight, a round die having a diameter of 8 mm was mounted on a cooking extracter (manufactured by Wenger), and extruded to obtain a puffed product. The obtained puffed product was dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes using a belt drier, and 5 parts by weight of soybean oil was sprayed on 95 parts by weight of the puffed product to obtain a dry dog food. The above-mentioned vitamin / mineral mix contains calcium and iron.

Example 2 Corn 32 parts by weight Flour 30 Defatted soybeans 15 Meat meal 10 Chicken meal 5 Bran 5 Vitamin / mineral mix 1 Calcium phosphate 1 CPP 0.5 Ursonic acid 0.5

The composition comprising the above components is mixed and pulverized,
The particles were sized using a sieve having an opening of 1 mm. Water was added to the obtained composition so as to be about 27% by weight, a round die having a diameter of 8 mm was mounted on a cooking extracter (manufactured by Wenger), and extruded to obtain a puffed product. The obtained puffed product was dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes using a belt drier, and 5 parts by weight of soybean oil was sprayed on 95 parts by weight of the puffed product to obtain a dry dog food.

Example 3 Corn 32 parts by weight Flour 25 Defatted soybean 15 Fishmeal 10 Meatmeal 10 Chicken meal 5 Vitamin / mineral mix 1 Calcium phosphate 1 CPP 0.5 Betulinic acid 0.5 A composition comprising the above components was prepared. In the same manner as in Example 1, a puffed product was obtained. 5 parts by weight of soybean oil and 3 parts by weight of fish extract were sprayed on 92 parts by weight of the puffed product to obtain a dry cat food.

Example 4 Chicken 70 parts by weight Chicken offal 20 Vitamin / mineral mix 5 CPP 0.1 Oleanolic acid 0.1 Ursonic acid 0.1

After mixing the above mixture with a mixer, 1.
Steaming treatment was performed at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes with 5% saline. After cooling, the meat was packed in a can to obtain a can-type dog food.
No. 4 can was used for canning, meat filling weight was 300 g, water injection was 100 g, and retort sterilization was performed at 120 ° C. for 70 minutes.

Example 5 Chicken 70 parts by weight Chicken offal 20 Vitamin / mineral mix 5 Eggshell calcium 1 CPP 0.1 Ursonic acid 0.1 Betulinic acid 0.1

After the composition comprising the above components was mixed with a mixer, the mixture was steamed in 1.5% saline at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes. After cooling, the meat was packed in a can to obtain a can-type dog food. Canned # 4 cans, meat weight 300
Retort sterilization was performed at 120 ° C. for 70 minutes with 100 grams of water injected.

Example 6 93.55 parts by weight of cooked blood meat Vitamin / mineral mix 5 Beef bone meal 1 CPP 0.15 Oleanolic acid 0.1 Ursonic acid 0.1 Betulinic acid 0.1

A mixture of the above composition, which is mainly made of the blood meat of steamed bonito and tuna, is made into a flake, the meat filling weight is 160 g, water injection is 20 g, and retort sterilization is performed at 110 ° C. for 80 minutes. Was. Example 7 (Combined feed for cattle fattening for beef) A feed was produced by the usual method with the following composition.

Raw material name Compounding amount (% by weight) 圧 Comb corn 3 2 Comb milo 2 3 Compression barley 1 3 Soybean oil cake (45%) 5.3 Bran 1 1.6 Alfalfa meal 3 Molasses 4 Salt 0.5 0.5 Tricalcium phosphate 0.9 Mineral mixture 0.1 Vitamin mixture 0.1 Calcium carbonate 1 .5 CPP 0.15 Oleanolic acid 0.15

Example 8 (Combined feed for raising piglets and raising pigs) A feed was prepared by the usual method with the following composition. Ingredient name Compounding amount (% by weight) ────────────────────────────── Compression corn 6 0.3 Barley 20 Soybean Oil cake (45%) 3.5 Bran 1 2 Salt 0.3 Mineral mixture 0.1 Vitamin mixture 0.1 Eggshell calcium 3 CPP 0.3 Ursonic acid 0.6

Example 9 (Formulated feed for laying hens) A feed was produced according to a conventional method with the following composition. Raw material blending amount (% by weight) ────────────────────────────── corn 5 5.3 5 milo 1 5 soybean oil cake (45%) 8 Seed oil meal 2 Fish meal (meat meal) 5 Fish soluble adsorbed feed 2 Alfalfa meal 2 Animal oil and fat 2 Salt 0.25 Tricalcium phosphate 1.2 Mineral mixture 0.1 Vitamin mixture 0.1 Calcium carbonate 7 CPP 0.15 Betulinic acid 0.15

Example 10 (Formulated feed for eel cultivation) A feed was produced according to a conventional method with the following composition. Raw material name Amount (% by weight) ────────────────────────────── Fish meal 65 Active wheat gluten 2 Beer yeast 3 Soybean oil cake (50%) 4.4 Pregelatinized potato starch 22 Vitamin mixture 1 Choline chloride (50%) 0.3 Inorganic mixture 2.3 Calcium carbonate 2 Iron sulfate 0.1 CPP 0.15 Betulinic acid 0.1 Oleanolic acid 0.1 Ursonic acid 0.05

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23K 1/00-1/20 BIOSIS (DIALOG) CA (STN)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A feed containing casein phosphopeptide (CPP), which contains one or more selected from the group consisting of oleanolic acid, ursonic acid, and betulinic acid. 2. The feed according to claim 1, which is fortified with calcium and / or iron.